Exam 13: Atmospheric Science, Air Quality, and Pollution Control

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -The bottom layer of Earthʹs atmosphere, in which we live

The most obvious cause of industrial smog is _________________

Use the figure above to answer the following question -The figure shows that ___________.

Carbon monoxide _________________ .

Air pollution in Tehran _________________

A great deal of indoor air pollution comes from _________________

Of the following _________________, is not yet regulated by the EPA.

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -Reversal of normal vertical temperature distribution in the lower layers of the atmosphere

How do hurricanes and tornadoes form?

Using the examples of Tehran and Los Angeles, discuss the special problems that vehicles create for urban outdoor air pollution.

Occasionally, a layer of cool air forms under a layer of warmer air in the troposphere, which is different from the normal conditions. This change from the normal temperature profile in the troposphere is called a _________________.

The reason that temperature increases with altitude through most of the stratosphere is _________________

Read the following scenario and answer the question below. Thousands of young families moved ʺover the hillsʺ and into the San Fernando Valley, a suburb of Los Angeles, after World War II. New neighborhoods were springing up, replacing orange groves and open space; roads and schools quickly sprang into existence, trying to keep pace with the rapid population growth. Ringed by beautiful mountains, the entire Los Angeles basin looked like a new, green, sun-filled paradise to the families seeking a fresh start. In the early 1950s, one of the common family chores in Los Angeles was to carry the trash out to the stone incinerator behind the garage where each family burned all of their dry trash. ʺWetʺ garbage was collected and taken to a city dump, where it was burned by the city. Everyone throughout the city either used an incinerator or burned things in an open trash pile; there were over 400,000 backyard trash incinerators. On warm afternoons, eyes would sometimes sting and burn. People would stop, close their eyes, and let the cleansing tears refresh irritated eyes. They accepted this as a normal part of life in sunny California. -In 1958 trash collection programs were established, and backyard incinerators were banned in the hope of reducing smog. However, it was estimated that massive amounts of gasoline were evaporating from storage tanks, fuel pump nozzles, and delivery trucks. This was also considered a serious contributor to smog, and over the next 20 years several new rules, and several new devices, were put in place to alleviate it. There was still a great deal of smog, now identified as photochemical smog, despite the changes. The major remaining problem was _________________

Read the following scenario and answer the question below. Thousands of young families moved ʺover the hillsʺ and into the San Fernando Valley, a suburb of Los Angeles, after World War II. New neighborhoods were springing up, replacing orange groves and open space; roads and schools quickly sprang into existence, trying to keep pace with the rapid population growth. Ringed by beautiful mountains, the entire Los Angeles basin looked like a new, green, sun-filled paradise to the families seeking a fresh start. In the early 1950s, one of the common family chores in Los Angeles was to carry the trash out to the stone incinerator behind the garage where each family burned all of their dry trash. ʺWetʺ garbage was collected and taken to a city dump, where it was burned by the city. Everyone throughout the city either used an incinerator or burned things in an open trash pile; there were over 400,000 backyard trash incinerators. On warm afternoons, eyes would sometimes sting and burn. People would stop, close their eyes, and let the cleansing tears refresh irritated eyes. They accepted this as a normal part of life in sunny California. -One key to the puzzle of Los Angelesʹs smog is the fact that _________________

The huge dust storms that took place in the U.S. Midwest in the 1930s _________________.

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -The highest level of our atmosphere, with comparatively few molecules per unit area

Read the following scenario and answer the question below. Thousands of young families moved ʺover the hillsʺ and into the San Fernando Valley, a suburb of Los Angeles, after World War II. New neighborhoods were springing up, replacing orange groves and open space; roads and schools quickly sprang into existence, trying to keep pace with the rapid population growth. Ringed by beautiful mountains, the entire Los Angeles basin looked like a new, green, sun-filled paradise to the families seeking a fresh start. In the early 1950s, one of the common family chores in Los Angeles was to carry the trash out to the stone incinerator behind the garage where each family burned all of their dry trash. ʺWetʺ garbage was collected and taken to a city dump, where it was burned by the city. Everyone throughout the city either used an incinerator or burned things in an open trash pile; there were over 400,000 backyard trash incinerators. On warm afternoons, eyes would sometimes sting and burn. People would stop, close their eyes, and let the cleansing tears refresh irritated eyes. They accepted this as a normal part of life in sunny California. -The Los Angeles smog problem is made much worse by _________________

Radon _________________.

Lead enters the atmosphere as a particulate pollutant. This is a problem because it _________________.

Natural sources of air pollution come from _________________.