Question 1

Explain the statement, "Science is rooted in objectivity." Include the ways sociologists can ensure that they are being as objective as possible.

Accepted Answer

Varies. For science to be valid and reliable, it must be objective (or as objective as possible). It cannot be based on personal experience and conjecture. Instead, the research looks at systematic patterns to understand the world. Sociologists can use triangulation, the use of multiple methods, to ensure that their findings are correct. They can also try to make sure that their own ideas or opinions are not tainting their research.

Question 2

Statements regarding why and how facts relate to each other and the connection between those facts are known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypotheses 
B)  empirical knowledge 
C)  theories 
D)  levels of analysis 
A)  hypotheses 
B)  empirical knowledge 
C)  theories 
D)  levels of analysis C

Question 3

Sociology has its modern roots in the ideas of 13th-century social, political, and religious philosophers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Compare and contrast social statics and social dynamics. Provide one example of each.

Accepted Answer

Varies. Social statics are what give ord

Question 5

How did Max Weber explain the emergence of the "spirit of capitalism"?

Accepted Answer

Varies. He explained the spirit of capit

Question 6

Explain the statement, "Every research study should be replicable." Provide an example of what a researcher would do to replicate a study.

Accepted Answer

Varies. If another researcher or group o

Question 7

Explain how a theory differs from a hypothesis, and discuss how the two are related. Provide an example.

Accepted Answer

Varies. Theories are statements or expla

Question 8

Secondary analysis uses existing data already collected in other studies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Why is sociology a science? Provide one example of a sociological research question and how it is approached and studied scientifically.

Accepted Answer

Varies. Sociology is a science

Question 10

The titles Karl Marx used to describe the two classes in society were the ______ and the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nobles; peasants 
B)  bourgeoisie; proletariat 
C)  upper class; lower class 
D)  civilized; barbarians 
A)  nobles; peasants 
B)  bourgeoisie; proletariat 
C)  upper class; lower class 
D)  civilized; barbarians

Question 11

The scientific approach is based on all of the following assumptions EXCEPT that:

Accepted Answer

A)  research is valid only if it disproves the researcher's initial assumptions. 
B)  there is a real physical and social world that can be studied scientifically. 
C)  empirical tests help gain knowledge of the world. 
D)  scientific knowledge must be based on measurable phenomena. 
A)  research is valid only if it disproves the researcher's initial assumptions. 
B)  there is a real physical and social world that can be studied scientifically. 
C)  empirical tests help gain knowledge of the world. 
D)  scientific knowledge must be based on measurable phenomena.

Question 12

Meso-level analysis focuses on institutions, large organizations, and ethnic communities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Macro-level theories would consider questions related to U.S.-Chilean policies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Facts and observations that can be objectively observed and carefully measured using the five senses are known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  evidence 
B)  key concepts 
C)  correlatives 
D)  spurious factors 
A)  evidence 
B)  key concepts 
C)  correlatives 
D)  spurious factors

Question 15

While Weber focused on economic conditions, Marx argued that politics, economics, and religion help explain the social world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Systematic observation is central in field research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

According to the text, conflict theory is a macro-level theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Alexa and Eduardo want to do a sociological study of working mothers in Brazil. Alexa wants to begin with some general theories about working moms in Brazil and then make hypotheses based on those theories. Eduardo prefers to collect data first by interviewing a representative sample of working Brazilian mothers and then formulate a theory to explain their findings. In this example, Alexa prefers to use ______ while Eduardo would rather use ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive reasoning; deductive reasoning 
B)  deducting reasoning; inductive reasoning 
C)  planning techniques; conceptual techniques 
D)  conceptual techniques; planning techniques 
A)  inductive reasoning; deductive reasoning 
B)  deducting reasoning; inductive reasoning 
C)  planning techniques; conceptual techniques 
D)  conceptual techniques; planning techniques

Question 19

In the late 1960s, Laud Humphries conducted a study called "The Tearoom Trade." Humphries posed as a "watch queen" (a man who guards the doors of restrooms in public parks so that men can have sex with other men inside). Humphries wrote down the license plate numbers of the men who had sex with other men, then looked up their addresses, disguised his appearance, and went to their homes to interview them a year later. Humphries discovered that, contrary to popular opinion, many of the men were actually married to women and living otherwise quiet, middle-class lives. Today, this study is considered unethical. In light of what you learned about research ethics in Chapter 2 of the text, what ethical principles does this study violate? Do you personally feel the benefits of the study (it destroyed many stereotypes) outweighed the risks?

Accepted Answer

Varies. No. The men in this st

Question 20

The primary difference between Karl Marx and W. E. B. Du Bois is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Marx argued for social improvement while Du Bois did not. 
B)  Marx was college educated but Du Bois was not. 
C)  Marx saw conflict in his society as between the "haves" and the "have-nots" while Du Bois saw conflict in his society as based on race, not class. 
D)  Marx argued that religion was the main source of conflict in his society while Du Bois saw religion as the primary solution for reducing inequality. 
A)  Marx argued for social improvement while Du Bois did not. 
B)  Marx was college educated but Du Bois was not. 
C)  Marx saw conflict in his society as between the "haves" and the "have-nots" while Du Bois saw conflict in his society as based on race, not class. 
D)  Marx argued that religion was the main source of conflict in his society while Du Bois saw religion as the primary solution for reducing inequality.

Explain the statement, "Science is rooted in objectivity." Include the ways sociologists can ensure that they are being as objective as possible.

Statements regarding why and how facts relate to each other and the connection between those facts are known as ______.

Sociology has its modern roots in the ideas of 13th-century social, political, and religious philosophers.

Compare and contrast social statics and social dynamics. Provide one example of each.

How did Max Weber explain the emergence of the "spirit of capitalism"?

Explain the statement, "Every research study should be replicable." Provide an example of what a researcher would do to replicate a study.

Explain how a theory differs from a hypothesis, and discuss how the two are related. Provide an example.

Secondary analysis uses existing data already collected in other studies.

Why is sociology a science? Provide one example of a sociological research question and how it is approached and studied scientifically.

The titles Karl Marx used to describe the two classes in society were the and the .

The scientific approach is based on all of the following assumptions EXCEPT that:

Meso-level analysis focuses on institutions, large organizations, and ethnic communities.

Macro-level theories would consider questions related to U.S.-Chilean policies.

Facts and observations that can be objectively observed and carefully measured using the five senses are known as ______.

While Weber focused on economic conditions, Marx argued that politics, economics, and religion help explain the social world.

Systematic observation is central in field research.

According to the text, conflict theory is a macro-level theory.

The primary difference between Karl Marx and W. E. B. Du Bois is that:

Sociology: a Unique Way to View the World

Society and Culture: Hardware and Software of Our Social World

Socialization: Becoming Human and Humane

Interaction, Groups, and Organizations: Connections That Work

Deviance and Social Control: Sickos, Weirdos, Freaks, and Folks Like Us

Stratification: Rich and Famousor Rags and Famine

Race and Ethnic Group Stratification: Beyond Us and Them

Gender Stratification: Shehewho Goes First

Family and Education: Institutionalizing Socialization

Health Care: an Anatomy of Health and Illness

Politics and Economics: Probing Power; Dissecting Distribution

Population and Urbanization: Living on Planet Earth

Process of Change: We Can Make a Difference

Filters

Exam 2: Examining the Social World: How Do We Know

Explain the statement, "Science is rooted in objectivity." Include the ways sociologists can ensure that they are being as objective as possible.

Statements regarding why and how facts relate to each other and the connection between those facts are known as ______.

Sociology has its modern roots in the ideas of 13th-century social, political, and religious philosophers.

Compare and contrast social statics and social dynamics. Provide one example of each.

How did Max Weber explain the emergence of the "spirit of capitalism"?

Explain the statement, "Every research study should be replicable." Provide an example of what a researcher would do to replicate a study.

Explain how a theory differs from a hypothesis, and discuss how the two are related. Provide an example.

Secondary analysis uses existing data already collected in other studies.

Why is sociology a science? Provide one example of a sociological research question and how it is approached and studied scientifically.

The titles Karl Marx used to describe the two classes in society were the ______ and the ______.

The scientific approach is based on all of the following assumptions EXCEPT that:

Meso-level analysis focuses on institutions, large organizations, and ethnic communities.

Macro-level theories would consider questions related to U.S.-Chilean policies.

Facts and observations that can be objectively observed and carefully measured using the five senses are known as ______.

While Weber focused on economic conditions, Marx argued that politics, economics, and religion help explain the social world.

Systematic observation is central in field research.

According to the text, conflict theory is a macro-level theory.

The primary difference between Karl Marx and W. E. B. Du Bois is that:

Sociology: a Unique Way to View the World

Society and Culture: Hardware and Software of Our Social World

Socialization: Becoming Human and Humane

Interaction, Groups, and Organizations: Connections That Work

Deviance and Social Control: Sickos, Weirdos, Freaks, and Folks Like Us

Stratification: Rich and Famousor Rags and Famine

Race and Ethnic Group Stratification: Beyond Us and Them

Gender Stratification: Shehewho Goes First

Family and Education: Institutionalizing Socialization

Health Care: an Anatomy of Health and Illness

Politics and Economics: Probing Power; Dissecting Distribution

Population and Urbanization: Living on Planet Earth

Process of Change: We Can Make a Difference

Filters

The titles Karl Marx used to describe the two classes in society were the and the .