Exam 15: Adolescence: Cognitive Development

During puberty, young people center on themselves, in part because brain maturation heightens _____.

A longitudinal study (Harden & Tucker-Drob, 2011) that traced the development of sensation-seeking, which can lead to intuitive thinking, from early adolescence to the mid-20s found that increases in sensation-seeking were notable from ages _____.

Secondary school teachers typically assume that their pupils need to be taught formal thinking.

Many high school graduates enroll in a post-secondary school (e.g., college). _____ individuals graduate from a post-secondary school.

Deductive reasoning is also referred to as _____ reasoning.

When Piaget and Inhelder asked children of different ages to balance a scale using several different weights, they found that by age _____, some children used logic to understand a reciprocal relationship.

As Ms. Carlson returned the student papers she had graded, she was thinking about the fact that she had forgotten to pick up her dry cleaning on the way to school. As a result of her thoughts, her face had a look of displeasure on it as she handed Donald's paper to him. Even though the paper had "A" and "Good job!" written at the top of it, Donald saw Ms. Carlson's expression and concluded that she must not like him. Donald's mistaken belief is evidence of his adolescent _____.

Taylor spends one hour getting ready for school. She insists on only wearing brand-name clothes. Taylor also wears specific sunglasses to demonstrate that she is a member of the popular crowd, and she participates in verbal bullying of students in the loner crowd. Taylor is most likely to be at what level of the education system?

Cynthia comes from a school where the school climate is negative. She has engaged in cyberbullying for the past year. Cynthia is likely to have _____ self-esteem.

Juanita just solved this math problem: (35xy²)(6zy³). Her ability to do so places her in which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Many high school graduates enter college, but even 10 years after the usual age for high school graduation, only about _____ percent of U.S. young adults have earned a bachelor's degree.

The statement "If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it must be a duck" is an example of _____ reasoning.

Because the limbic system is activated by puberty but the prefrontal cortex matures more gradually over time, adolescents tend to rely mostly on logic.

Alisha is doing a history report on the 35th president of the United States for her tenth-grade history class. Where is Alisha most likely going to look for information to complete her report?

_____ thought arises from beliefs and assumptions rather than a logical premise.

"This creature barks and wags its tail. Dogs bark and wag tails. Therefore, this must be a dog." This is an example of deductive reasoning.

Define secondary education and indicate why it is important for individuals and nations.

As the United States moves increasingly toward high-stakes testing, _____.

Hypothetical thought involves the ability to reason in _____ propositions.

Klaczynski's studies of younger and older adolescents' analytical thinking indicated that _____.