Exam 6: Relational Research

Which correlation coefficient reflects the strongest relationship between variables AND meets the following condition: an increase in the value along one variable reflects an increase in the value along the other variable?

Correlations are likely to be spuriously high when one or both of the variables suffer from a truncated range.

Probably the most common problem associated with relational research is that:

Ex post facto data usually do not result from direct manipulation by the researcher.

A researcher is interested in mapping the direction and the degree of a relationship between two variables that cannot be directly manipulated.Additionally,an extended period of time (i.e.,several observations)may be required before a meaningful relationship can be seen.A(n)____ should be the most effective method of relational research for assessing this relationship.

An advantage of experimentation over descriptive and relational methods is that experiments:

Of the following options,which is most likely to improve the internal validity of a correlational research project?

Which of the following is an example of a negative correlation?

Because it is after the fact,ex post facto research is free from subject (participant)reactivity.

In an experiment concerned with the effects of hours of food deprivation on the amount eaten,a proximate cause of changes in eating might be evolution.

How many cells are in a contingency table that examines the frequencies of men and women who are freshman,sophomores,or juniors?

A crucial assumption underlying the cross-lagged-panel correlation procedure is that:

Which conditions below should be expected to produce the lowest correlation coefficient due to a truncated range?

Which of the following represents an example of a truncated range?

Because there is a documented negative correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked and grades in college,we can conclude that smoking causes poor grades.

Which value of Pearson r is closest to what you would expect to find given the curvilinear pattern of data that is displayed below?

Which variable are you most likely to see in a relational study with human participants rather than directly manipulated in an experiment?

The typical correlation coefficient varies from:

Which interpretation of a zero correlation is appropriate?

Which assertion represents an ultimate cause?