Question 1

If a sociologist is studying groups he or she is using level analysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  micro 
B)  macro 
C)  universal 
D)  individual 
A)  micro 
B)  macro 
C)  universal 
D)  individual

Question 2

If a student uses musicians as a model for behavior then musicians are his or her _.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary group 
B)  secondary group 
C)  reference group 
D)  attribute 
A)  primary group 
B)  secondary group 
C)  reference group 
D)  attribute

Question 3

Sociologists have found that all

Accepted Answer

A)  utilitarian organizations are for-profit. 
B)  formal organizations are bureaucracies. 
C)  total institutions are coercive organizations. 
D)  normative organizations are charitable organizations. 
A)  utilitarian organizations are for-profit. 
B)  formal organizations are bureaucracies. 
C)  total institutions are coercive organizations. 
D)  normative organizations are charitable organizations.

Question 4

Despite being warned of danger, NASA scientists proceeded with the launch of the space shuttle Challenger that exploded during launch. Sociological analysis of this situation finds it was caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  a lack of communication. 
B)  a combination of risky shift and organizational ritualism. 
C)  organizational alienation. 
D)  groupthink. 
A)  a lack of communication. 
B)  a combination of risky shift and organizational ritualism. 
C)  organizational alienation. 
D)  groupthink.

Question 5

Explain how the treatment of prisoners at Abu Ghraib matches the conclusions of Milgram's experiment.

Accepted Answer

The treatment of prisoners at Abu Ghraib

Question 6

Secondary groups become intimate over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

promote a sense of "us;" promote a sense of "them."

Accepted Answer

A)  Dyads; triads 
B)  Primary groups; secondary groups 
C)  In-groups; out-groups 
D)  Reference groups; attribution groups 
A)  Dyads; triads 
B)  Primary groups; secondary groups 
C)  In-groups; out-groups 
D)  Reference groups; attribution groups

Question 8

Sometimes people will comment that it is a "small world" when they coincidentally meet the friend of a friend. Research into the "small world problem" demonstrates that

Accepted Answer

A)  networks do not reach as far as was believed in the past. 
B)  employment agencies are more effective than networks at directing people toward jobs. 
C)  social networking is a thing of the past; it is now out-of-date. 
D)  networks make the world seem a lot smaller than many might think. 
A)  networks do not reach as far as was believed in the past. 
B)  employment agencies are more effective than networks at directing people toward jobs. 
C)  social networking is a thing of the past; it is now out-of-date. 
D)  networks make the world seem a lot smaller than many might think.

Question 9

Research on race and reference groups indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  school desegregation is most important in raising the self-esteem of Black children. 
B)  positive representations of ethnic and racial groups raises the self-esteem of children of those groups. 
C)  reference groups have little or no effect on self-esteem. 
D)  how groups are presented has no impact on their effectiveness as reference groups for children. 
A)  school desegregation is most important in raising the self-esteem of Black children. 
B)  positive representations of ethnic and racial groups raises the self-esteem of children of those groups. 
C)  reference groups have little or no effect on self-esteem. 
D)  how groups are presented has no impact on their effectiveness as reference groups for children.

Question 10

According to social psychologist Philip Zimbardo, how do most people respond to hearing about the overly conforming behavior of others in groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  They empathize because they know they would behave the same way. 
B)  They understand that for most people conformity is the norm. 
C)  They believe that they themselves would not succumb to group pressure. 
D)  They think that the conformity is the result of group members being tricked in some way. 
A)  They empathize because they know they would behave the same way. 
B)  They understand that for most people conformity is the norm. 
C)  They believe that they themselves would not succumb to group pressure. 
D)  They think that the conformity is the result of group members being tricked in some way.

Question 11

When people from significantly different social class backgrounds have the same levels of education, the chances of them being promoted are equal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Explain the phenomenon of groupthink and the conditions that make it most likely to occur. Name at least two historical events that took place as a result of groupthink.

Accepted Answer

Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon

Question 13

Explain how networks have contributed to making it a "small world," and the findings of small-world researchers.

Accepted Answer

Networks have contributed to making the

Question 14

According to attribution theory, when an out-group member's behavior is unclear

Accepted Answer

A)  it will be interpreted in a neutral way by in-group members. 
B)  it will be interpreted in a negative manner by in-group members. 
C)  it will be interpreted as positive by in-group members. 
D)  in-group members will not pay attention to it. 
A)  it will be interpreted in a neutral way by in-group members. 
B)  it will be interpreted in a negative manner by in-group members. 
C)  it will be interpreted as positive by in-group members. 
D)  in-group members will not pay attention to it.

Question 15

Thomas Pettigrew's summary of research on attribution theory found that

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals are accurate in their perception of the motives of other people's acts, regardless of their in- group or out-group membership. 
B)  attribution error is much less common than people think. 
C)  individuals commonly distort the motives and acts of people whom they see as out-group members. 
D)  when provided with information about out-groups that disproves negative perceptions of them, people quickly alter their perceptions. 
A)  individuals are accurate in their perception of the motives of other people's acts, regardless of their in- group or out-group membership. 
B)  attribution error is much less common than people think. 
C)  individuals commonly distort the motives and acts of people whom they see as out-group members. 
D)  when provided with information about out-groups that disproves negative perceptions of them, people quickly alter their perceptions.

Question 16

According to sociologists, any set of people who occupy the same space at the same time is considered a group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The idea of strength in weak ties refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  knowing one person in a network. 
B)  knowing many people in a network. 
C)  people with different backgrounds. 
D)  networks connected together. 
A)  knowing one person in a network. 
B)  knowing many people in a network. 
C)  people with different backgrounds. 
D)  networks connected together.

Question 18

All aspects of bureaucratic organizations are impersonal and dehumanizing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

According to Weber, bureaucracies are organized in such a way as to

Accepted Answer

A)  create totalitarian government of organizations. 
B)  ensure that all workers are treated the same. 
C)  create an organization that is easy to change. 
D)  promote democracy within the work place. 
A)  create totalitarian government of organizations. 
B)  ensure that all workers are treated the same. 
C)  create an organization that is easy to change. 
D)  promote democracy within the work place.

Question 20

An out-group is all of these except:

Accepted Answer

A)  created by the existence of an in-group. 
B)  the opposite of an in-group. 
C)  is an attribute of society 
D)  is always a secondary group. 
A)  created by the existence of an in-group. 
B)  the opposite of an in-group. 
C)  is an attribute of society 
D)  is always a secondary group.

If a sociologist is studying groups he or she is using level analysis.

If a student uses musicians as a model for behavior then musicians are his or her _.

Sociologists have found that all

Despite being warned of danger, NASA scientists proceeded with the launch of the space shuttle Challenger that exploded during launch. Sociological analysis of this situation finds it was caused by

Explain how the treatment of prisoners at Abu Ghraib matches the conclusions of Milgram's experiment.

Secondary groups become intimate over time.

promote a sense of "us;" promote a sense of "them."

Sometimes people will comment that it is a "small world" when they coincidentally meet the friend of a friend. Research into the "small world problem" demonstrates that

Research on race and reference groups indicates that

According to social psychologist Philip Zimbardo, how do most people respond to hearing about the overly conforming behavior of others in groups?

When people from significantly different social class backgrounds have the same levels of education, the chances of them being promoted are equal.

Explain the phenomenon of groupthink and the conditions that make it most likely to occur. Name at least two historical events that took place as a result of groupthink.

Explain how networks have contributed to making it a "small world," and the findings of small-world researchers.

According to attribution theory, when an out-group member's behavior is unclear

Thomas Pettigrew's summary of research on attribution theory found that

According to sociologists, any set of people who occupy the same space at the same time is considered a group.

The idea of strength in weak ties refers to:

All aspects of bureaucratic organizations are impersonal and dehumanizing.

According to Weber, bureaucracies are organized in such a way as to

An out-group is all of these except:

The Sociological Perspective

Culture

Doing Sociological Research

Socialization and the Life Course

Social Structure and Social Interaction

Deviance and Crime

Social Class and Social Stratification

Global Stratification

Race and Ethnicity

Gender

Sexuality

Families and Religion

Education and Health Care

Economy and Politics

Environment Population and Social Change

Filters

Exam 6: Groups and Organizations

If a sociologist is studying groups he or she is using level analysis.

If a student uses musicians as a model for behavior then musicians are his or her _.

Sociologists have found that all

Despite being warned of danger, NASA scientists proceeded with the launch of the space shuttle Challenger that exploded during launch. Sociological analysis of this situation finds it was caused by

Explain how the treatment of prisoners at Abu Ghraib matches the conclusions of Milgram's experiment.

Secondary groups become intimate over time.

promote a sense of "us;" promote a sense of "them."

Sometimes people will comment that it is a "small world" when they coincidentally meet the friend of a friend. Research into the "small world problem" demonstrates that

Research on race and reference groups indicates that

According to social psychologist Philip Zimbardo, how do most people respond to hearing about the overly conforming behavior of others in groups?

When people from significantly different social class backgrounds have the same levels of education, the chances of them being promoted are equal.

Explain the phenomenon of groupthink and the conditions that make it most likely to occur. Name at least two historical events that took place as a result of groupthink.

Explain how networks have contributed to making it a "small world," and the findings of small-world researchers.

According to attribution theory, when an out-group member's behavior is unclear

Thomas Pettigrew's summary of research on attribution theory found that

According to sociologists, any set of people who occupy the same space at the same time is considered a group.

The idea of strength in weak ties refers to:

All aspects of bureaucratic organizations are impersonal and dehumanizing.

According to Weber, bureaucracies are organized in such a way as to

An out-group is all of these except:

The Sociological Perspective

Culture

Doing Sociological Research

Socialization and the Life Course

Social Structure and Social Interaction

Deviance and Crime

Social Class and Social Stratification

Global Stratification

Race and Ethnicity

Gender

Sexuality

Families and Religion

Education and Health Care

Economy and Politics

Environment Population and Social Change

Filters