Question 1

Horizontal equity treats

Accepted Answer

A) people in the same circumstances identically 
B) people in the same circumstances proportionately 
C) people in different circumstances differently 
D) none of the above 
A) people in the same circumstances identically 
B) people in the same circumstances proportionately 
C) people in different circumstances differently 
D) none of the above A

Question 2

Cost effectiveness analysis assumes a single objective and

Accepted Answer

A) estimates the costs of competing alternative approaches to achieving that objective. 
B) compares the benefits of that objective and the costs of obtaining that objective. 
C) estimates the damage or effect of obtaining that objective on a valued resource. 
D) compares it to the effects of other competing objectives. 
A) estimates the costs of competing alternative approaches to achieving that objective. 
B) compares the benefits of that objective and the costs of obtaining that objective. 
C) estimates the damage or effect of obtaining that objective on a valued resource. 
D) compares it to the effects of other competing objectives. D

Question 3

A oil refinery plant has requested permission from the community to expand.The expansion is likely to increase the number of deaths in the community due to increased rates of cancer.The number of deaths and their associated probabilities is revealed in the table below:   What is the expected value of 0 deaths?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) .8 
C) .33 
D) cannot be determined 
A) 0 
B) .8 
C) .33 
D) cannot be determined A

Question 4

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Accepted Answer

A) progressive; less 
B) regressive; greater 
C) progressive; greater 
D) progressive; the same 
A) progressive; less 
B) regressive; greater 
C) progressive; greater 
D) progressive; the same

Question 5

As part of an environmental risk assessment, scientists and epidemiologists engage in dose-response analysis to determine the relationship between

Accepted Answer

A) medicine and cure rates 
B) exposure and impacts 
C) pesticides and harvest 
D) benefits and costs 
A) medicine and cure rates 
B) exposure and impacts 
C) pesticides and harvest 
D) benefits and costs

Question 6

There are two primary types of public environmental programs where benefit-cost analysis is typically done:

Accepted Answer

A) physical projects and regulatory programs 
B) programs initiated by the for profit sector and programs initiated by the not for profit sector 
C) fixed budget and fixed impact projects 
D) net benefit projects and sensitivity analysis projects 
A) physical projects and regulatory programs 
B) programs initiated by the for profit sector and programs initiated by the not for profit sector 
C) fixed budget and fixed impact projects 
D) net benefit projects and sensitivity analysis projects

Question 7

A oil refinery plant has requested permission from the community to expand.The expansion is likely to increase the number of deaths in the community due to increased rates of cancer.The number of deaths and their associated probabilities is revealed in the table below:   What is the expected number of deaths?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) .8 
C) .33 
D) cannot be determined 
A) 0 
B) .8 
C) .33 
D) cannot be determined

Question 8

Given the information in the following table, ________ is the cost-effective way to reduce the phosphorous concentration in the Bay of Quinte.

Accepted Answer

A) reduction in phosphorus inputs from agricultural runoff 
B) alum treatment of sediments in the bay 
C) tertiary treatment at sewage treatment plants 
D) treatment of wastewater from water treatment plants 
A) reduction in phosphorus inputs from agricultural runoff 
B) alum treatment of sediments in the bay 
C) tertiary treatment at sewage treatment plants 
D) treatment of wastewater from water treatment plants

Question 9

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Accepted Answer

A) proportional; less 
B) proportional; the same 
C) proportional; greater 
D) progressive; the same 
A) proportional; less 
B) proportional; the same 
C) proportional; greater 
D) progressive; the same

Question 10

When it comes to determining the appropriate environmental project to select, the ________ link(s) benefit-cost analysis to our theoretical model of the economics of the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) equimarginal principle 
B) socially efficient scale 
C) social discount rate 
D) economies of scale 
A) equimarginal principle 
B) socially efficient scale 
C) social discount rate 
D) economies of scale

Question 11

Refer to the figure above.A program that reduces emissions from the uncontrolled level of e1 to emissions level e2

Accepted Answer

A) reveals total costs equal to area (a+b+c+d) 
B) is clearly preferable to e*, where MD=MAC 
C) yields negative net benefits because the MD curve lies above the MAC curve 
D) reveals net benefits of (a + b) - (b) 
A) reveals total costs equal to area (a+b+c+d) 
B) is clearly preferable to e*, where MD=MAC 
C) yields negative net benefits because the MD curve lies above the MAC curve 
D) reveals net benefits of (a + b) - (b)

Question 12

In the United States, environmental impact analyses are mandated by the

Accepted Answer

A) Environmental Protection Agency (EP
A)  
B) Environmental Impact Agency (EI
A)  
C) Regulatory Impact Agency (RI
A)  
D) National Environmental Policy Act (NEP
A)  
A) Environmental Protection Agency (EP
A)  
B) Environmental Impact Agency (EI
A)  
C) Regulatory Impact Agency (RI
A)  
D) National Environmental Policy Act (NEP
A)

Question 13

The socially efficient scale maximizes the net social benefits from a project because

Accepted Answer

A) consumer preferences as revealed in market prices are maximized where MAC=MDC. 
B) damages are minimized where MAC=MDC. 
C) total abatement costs are less that total damage costs where MAC=MDC. 
D) net social benefits are maximized where MAC = MDC. 
A) consumer preferences as revealed in market prices are maximized where MAC=MDC. 
B) damages are minimized where MAC=MDC. 
C) total abatement costs are less that total damage costs where MAC=MDC. 
D) net social benefits are maximized where MAC = MDC.

Question 14

The 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act resulted in the US Department of Interior defining the calculation of damages to a valued resource as

Accepted Answer

A) the lost value of the resource 
B) the value of restoring the resource 
C) the value of replacing the resource with another resource 
D) the lesser of the lost value of the resource or the value of restoring the resource 
A) the lost value of the resource 
B) the value of restoring the resource 
C) the value of replacing the resource with another resource 
D) the lesser of the lost value of the resource or the value of restoring the resource

Question 15

During the process of risk valuation, we often use the likelihood of outcomes to calculate the __________________.

Accepted Answer

A) probability distribution 
B) expected value 
C) future value 
D) valuation 
A) probability distribution 
B) expected value 
C) future value 
D) valuation

Question 16

Risk assessment consists of several separate steps, namely:

Accepted Answer

A) exposure analysis, discount analysis, distributions analysis 
B) episodic analysis, dose-exposure analysis, community characterization 
C) exposure analysis, dose-response analysis, risk characterization 
D) emission analysis, dose-response analysis, community characterization 
A) exposure analysis, discount analysis, distributions analysis 
B) episodic analysis, dose-exposure analysis, community characterization 
C) exposure analysis, dose-response analysis, risk characterization 
D) emission analysis, dose-response analysis, community characterization

Question 17

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Accepted Answer

A) proportional; less 
B) regressive; greater 
C) regressive; the same 
D) regressive; less 
A) proportional; less 
B) regressive; greater 
C) regressive; the same 
D) regressive; less

Question 18

The choice of a discount rate is influenced by

Accepted Answer

A) time preference 
B) whether the effects cross generations 
C) the rate of inflation 
D) all of the above 
A) time preference 
B) whether the effects cross generations 
C) the rate of inflation 
D) all of the above

Question 19

Each of the following is a step in conducting a benefit-cost analysis of a project, except:

Accepted Answer

A) prepare a clear overview of the project including specifics about scale and perspective 
B) estimate the social costs and benefits of the inputs and outputs of the project 
C) quantitatively describe the inputs and the outputs of the program 
D) all of the above are steps in benefit-cost analysis 
A) prepare a clear overview of the project including specifics about scale and perspective 
B) estimate the social costs and benefits of the inputs and outputs of the project 
C) quantitatively describe the inputs and the outputs of the program 
D) all of the above are steps in benefit-cost analysis

Question 20

The 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act allows for the calculation of restoration costs in order to determine damages.Some of the difficulties of calculating restoration costs include

Accepted Answer

A) determination of the baseline resource quality 
B) the choice of alternative ways of restoring a resource in a cost effective way 
C) the determination of a natural or environmental resource of equivalent value 
D) all of the above are difficulties with determining restoration costs 
A) determination of the baseline resource quality 
B) the choice of alternative ways of restoring a resource in a cost effective way 
C) the determination of a natural or environmental resource of equivalent value 
D) all of the above are difficulties with determining restoration costs

Horizontal equity treats

Cost effectiveness analysis assumes a single objective and

An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

As part of an environmental risk assessment, scientists and epidemiologists engage in dose-response analysis to determine the relationship between

There are two primary types of public environmental programs where benefit-cost analysis is typically done:

Given the information in the following table, ________ is the cost-effective way to reduce the phosphorous concentration in the Bay of Quinte.

An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

When it comes to determining the appropriate environmental project to select, the ________ link(s) benefit-cost analysis to our theoretical model of the economics of the environment.

Refer to the figure above.A program that reduces emissions from the uncontrolled level of e₁ to emissions level e₂

In the United States, environmental impact analyses are mandated by the

The socially efficient scale maximizes the net social benefits from a project because

The 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act resulted in the US Department of Interior defining the calculation of damages to a valued resource as

During the process of risk valuation, we often use the likelihood of outcomes to calculate the __________________.

Risk assessment consists of several separate steps, namely:

An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

The choice of a discount rate is influenced by

Each of the following is a step in conducting a benefit-cost analysis of a project, except:

The 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act allows for the calculation of restoration costs in order to determine damages.Some of the difficulties of calculating restoration costs include

What Is Environmental Economics

The Economy and the Environment

Benefits and Costs, Supply and Demand

Economic Efficiency and Markets

The Economics of Environmental Quality

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Benefits

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Costs

Criteria for Evaluating Environmental Policies

Decentralized Policies: Liability Laws, Property Rights, and Voluntary Action

Command-And-Control Strategies: the Case of Standards

Incentive-Based Strategies: Market Trading Systems

Federal Water Pollution-Control Policy

Federal Air Pollution-Control Policy

State and Local Environmental Issues

The Global Environment

International Environmental Agreements

Globalization

Economic Development and the Environment

Filters

Exam 6: Framework of Analysis

Horizontal equity treats

Cost effectiveness analysis assumes a single objective and

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

As part of an environmental risk assessment, scientists and epidemiologists engage in dose-response analysis to determine the relationship between

There are two primary types of public environmental programs where benefit-cost analysis is typically done:

Given the information in the following table, ________ is the cost-effective way to reduce the phosphorous concentration in the Bay of Quinte.

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

When it comes to determining the appropriate environmental project to select, the ________ link(s) benefit-cost analysis to our theoretical model of the economics of the environment.

Refer to the figure above.A program that reduces emissions from the uncontrolled level of e1 to emissions level e2

In the United States, environmental impact analyses are mandated by the

The socially efficient scale maximizes the net social benefits from a project because

The 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act resulted in the US Department of Interior defining the calculation of damages to a valued resource as

During the process of risk valuation, we often use the likelihood of outcomes to calculate the __________________.

Risk assessment consists of several separate steps, namely:

An environmental program is ________ if the net effect of that policy has proportionally ________ effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

The choice of a discount rate is influenced by

Each of the following is a step in conducting a benefit-cost analysis of a project, except:

The 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act allows for the calculation of restoration costs in order to determine damages.Some of the difficulties of calculating restoration costs include

What Is Environmental Economics

The Economy and the Environment

Benefits and Costs, Supply and Demand

Economic Efficiency and Markets

The Economics of Environmental Quality

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Benefits

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Costs

Criteria for Evaluating Environmental Policies

Decentralized Policies: Liability Laws, Property Rights, and Voluntary Action

Command-And-Control Strategies: the Case of Standards

Incentive-Based Strategies: Market Trading Systems

Federal Water Pollution-Control Policy

Federal Air Pollution-Control Policy

State and Local Environmental Issues

The Global Environment

International Environmental Agreements

Globalization

Economic Development and the Environment

Filters

An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.

Refer to the figure above.A program that reduces emissions from the uncontrolled level of e₁ to emissions level e₂

An environmental program is if the net effect of that policy has proportionally effect on low-income people as on high-income people.