Question 1

The materials balance equation can be written in all of the following forms except

Accepted Answer

A) TM = VM - RM 
B) VM = TM - RM 
C) VM = TM ( 1- r) 
D) TM = VM + RM 
A) TM = VM - RM 
B) VM = TM - RM 
C) VM = TM ( 1- r) 
D) TM = VM + RM A

Question 2

When the economics of pest resistance are examined, it becomes clear that

Accepted Answer

A) those who are attempting to eliminate pests will overuse pesticides and contribute to pests becoming resistant 
B) those who are attempting to eliminate pests will be incentivized to use the socially efficient amount of pesticide 
C) those who are attempting to eliminate pests will be incentivized to underuse pesticides because the elimination of pests is a public good 
D) those who are regulating pest elimination have are interested in increasing resistance to pesticides in the target population 
A) those who are attempting to eliminate pests will overuse pesticides and contribute to pests becoming resistant 
B) those who are attempting to eliminate pests will be incentivized to use the socially efficient amount of pesticide 
C) those who are attempting to eliminate pests will be incentivized to underuse pesticides because the elimination of pests is a public good 
D) those who are regulating pest elimination have are interested in increasing resistance to pesticides in the target population A

Question 3

The ability of a municipality to send solid waste to a landfill is affected by

Accepted Answer

A) weather 
B) taxation 
C) the scarcity of sites willing to accept these wastes 
D) recycling programs 
A) weather 
B) taxation 
C) the scarcity of sites willing to accept these wastes 
D) recycling programs C

Question 4

If acceptable levels of exposure to chemicals were determined by 'balancing', regulators would attempt to

Accepted Answer

A) balance the demand for chemicals with the supply of chemicals 
B) balance the price of chemicals with the cost of producing chemicals 
C) balance the costs of controlling the chemicals with the damages that the chemicals caused 
D) all of the above 
A) balance the demand for chemicals with the supply of chemicals 
B) balance the price of chemicals with the cost of producing chemicals 
C) balance the costs of controlling the chemicals with the damages that the chemicals caused 
D) all of the above

Question 5

Which of the following affect a firm's incentive and ability to replace virgin material in the production with recycled materials?

Accepted Answer

A) technology available to sort materials for recycling 
B) the transportation of materials to be recycled 
C) the reprocessing recycled materials 
D) all of the above 
A) technology available to sort materials for recycling 
B) the transportation of materials to be recycled 
C) the reprocessing recycled materials 
D) all of the above

Question 6

Trying to reduce the amounts of hazardous material that are in need of disposal by either recycling residuals back into the production process, or by shifting technologies and operations so that the amount of residuals generated by firms is reduced is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) waste reduction 
B) recycling 
C) chemical treatment 
D) CERCLA 
A) waste reduction 
B) recycling 
C) chemical treatment 
D) CERCLA

Question 7

In managing the regulation of hazardous waste, federal policy has been aimed at two problems

Accepted Answer

A) storage of current wastes; transportation of current wastes 
B) clean up of previous disposal sites; storage, transportation and disposal of current wastes 
C) transportation and disposal of current wastes; clean up of previous disposal sites 
D) transportation and disposal of current wastes; clean up of current storage sites 
A) storage of current wastes; transportation of current wastes 
B) clean up of previous disposal sites; storage, transportation and disposal of current wastes 
C) transportation and disposal of current wastes; clean up of previous disposal sites 
D) transportation and disposal of current wastes; clean up of current storage sites

Question 8

As a part of the National Contingency Plan (NCP, the National Priorities Plan (NPL) is a state-federal effort to earmark a list of ranked sites for clean up that have experienced hazardous pollution.The priorities are established by taking into account

Accepted Answer

A) types of hazardous material at the site 
B) quantities of hazardous materials at the site 
C) the possibility of human exposure to the site and the materials 
D) all of the above 
A) types of hazardous material at the site 
B) quantities of hazardous materials at the site 
C) the possibility of human exposure to the site and the materials 
D) all of the above

Question 9

________ content standards require that all materials-using products manufactured or sold contain some specified percentage of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Maximum; recycled material 
B) Minimum; recycled material 
C) Maximum; virgin material 
D) Minimum; virgin material 
A) Maximum; recycled material 
B) Minimum; recycled material 
C) Maximum; virgin material 
D) Minimum; virgin material

Question 10

In the decision of whether or not to regulate a chemical, the question of which party has the responsibility of providing information to decide a chemical's safety level is called the

Accepted Answer

A) toxic substances control act 
B) burden of proof 
C) 'catch 22' 
D) balancing decision 
A) toxic substances control act 
B) burden of proof 
C) 'catch 22' 
D) balancing decision

Question 11

In the most recent past, most of the US urban solid waste was disposed ___________.This practice has become a prime environmental concern.

Accepted Answer

A) through recycling 
B) through incineration 
C) in landfills 
D) in other countries 
A) through recycling 
B) through incineration 
C) in landfills 
D) in other countries

Question 12

The reason that increased costs waste disposal is often an ineffective way to reduce hazardous waste is

Accepted Answer

A) competition in the waste removal industry keeps prices below effective incentive levels 
B) hazardous waste is often not subject to disposal as it never leaves the firm premises 
C) hazardous waste removal firms are not subject to regulations 
D) firms are unmotivated by disposal charges and do not search for ways to reduce the quantities of waste requiring disposal 
A) competition in the waste removal industry keeps prices below effective incentive levels 
B) hazardous waste is often not subject to disposal as it never leaves the firm premises 
C) hazardous waste removal firms are not subject to regulations 
D) firms are unmotivated by disposal charges and do not search for ways to reduce the quantities of waste requiring disposal

Question 13

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) includes trash or garbage from homes, businesses and institutions.Over the past last 50 years, the amount of MSW that is recycled has

Accepted Answer

A) decreased dramatically 
B) remained relatively constant 
C) increased slightly 
D) increased dramatically 
A) decreased dramatically 
B) remained relatively constant 
C) increased slightly 
D) increased dramatically

Question 14

Hazardous waste generation in the US

Accepted Answer

A) is spread fairly evenly across the states 
B) is concentrated in the industrial Midwest 
C) is concentrated in oil and gas producing states (Alaska, Texas, the Dakotas) 
D) is not spread evenly throughout the United States 
A) is spread fairly evenly across the states 
B) is concentrated in the industrial Midwest 
C) is concentrated in oil and gas producing states (Alaska, Texas, the Dakotas) 
D) is not spread evenly throughout the United States

Question 15

Each of the following is a primary pollution control statute for toxic emissions in the US except

Accepted Answer

A) Clean Air Act (amended 1970, 1977, 1990) 
B) Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (1986) 
C) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPS) (2001) 
D) Clean Water Act (amended 1972, 1977) 
A) Clean Air Act (amended 1970, 1977, 1990) 
B) Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (1986) 
C) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPS) (2001) 
D) Clean Water Act (amended 1972, 1977)

Question 16

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a ________ portion of the solid waste that is produced in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) relatively large and growing 
B) relatively large and shrinking 
C) relatively small and growing 
D) relatively small and shrinking 
A) relatively large and growing 
B) relatively large and shrinking 
C) relatively small and growing 
D) relatively small and shrinking

Question 17

A tax on virgin materials charged to all manufacturing firms would

Accepted Answer

A) lead to decreased recycling 
B) lead to increased recycling in a way that would not satisfy the equimarginal principle 
C) lead to increased recycling in a way that satisfies the equimarginal principle 
D) lead to uncertain results with no guarantee of satisfying the equimarginal principle 
A) lead to decreased recycling 
B) lead to increased recycling in a way that would not satisfy the equimarginal principle 
C) lead to increased recycling in a way that satisfies the equimarginal principle 
D) lead to uncertain results with no guarantee of satisfying the equimarginal principle

Question 18

Refer to the figure above.If a common standard for workplace exposure were set at r1

Accepted Answer

A) Firm 1 experiences efficient control but Firm 2 experiences a risk that is too high 
B) Firm 1 experiences a risk that is too high but Firm 2 experiences efficient control of risk 
A) Firm 1 experiences efficient control but Firm 2 experiences a risk that is too high 
B) Firm 1 experiences a risk that is too high but Firm 2 experiences efficient control of risk

Question 19

The establishment of Brownfields sites

Accepted Answer

A) encourages developers to consider theses sites by relaxing potential liability associated with previous contamination 
B) allows for funding assistance to assess or ameliorate contamination problems on the site 
C) distinguishes the difference between Superfund sites and sites where light to moderate contamination is suspected or confirmed 
D) all of the above 
A) encourages developers to consider theses sites by relaxing potential liability associated with previous contamination 
B) allows for funding assistance to assess or ameliorate contamination problems on the site 
C) distinguishes the difference between Superfund sites and sites where light to moderate contamination is suspected or confirmed 
D) all of the above

Question 20

-Refer to the figure above.In the graph above, Curve A would be labeled

Accepted Answer

A) Marginal Control Costs (of reducing the levels of exposure) 
B) Marginal Benefits (of higher or lower health risks when exposure changes) 
C) Marginal Demand Curve (for reduced health risks) 
D) Marginal Willingness to Pay Curve (for reduced health risks) 
A) Marginal Control Costs (of reducing the levels of exposure) 
B) Marginal Benefits (of higher or lower health risks when exposure changes) 
C) Marginal Demand Curve (for reduced health risks) 
D) Marginal Willingness to Pay Curve (for reduced health risks)

The materials balance equation can be written in all of the following forms except

When the economics of pest resistance are examined, it becomes clear that

The ability of a municipality to send solid waste to a landfill is affected by

If acceptable levels of exposure to chemicals were determined by 'balancing', regulators would attempt to

Which of the following affect a firm's incentive and ability to replace virgin material in the production with recycled materials?

Trying to reduce the amounts of hazardous material that are in need of disposal by either recycling residuals back into the production process, or by shifting technologies and operations so that the amount of residuals generated by firms is reduced is known as ________.

In managing the regulation of hazardous waste, federal policy has been aimed at two problems

As a part of the National Contingency Plan (NCP, the National Priorities Plan (NPL) is a state-federal effort to earmark a list of ranked sites for clean up that have experienced hazardous pollution.The priorities are established by taking into account

content standards require that all materials-using products manufactured or sold contain some specified percentage of .

In the decision of whether or not to regulate a chemical, the question of which party has the responsibility of providing information to decide a chemical's safety level is called the

In the most recent past, most of the US urban solid waste was disposed ___________.This practice has become a prime environmental concern.

The reason that increased costs waste disposal is often an ineffective way to reduce hazardous waste is

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) includes trash or garbage from homes, businesses and institutions.Over the past last 50 years, the amount of MSW that is recycled has

Hazardous waste generation in the US

Each of the following is a primary pollution control statute for toxic emissions in the US except

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a ________ portion of the solid waste that is produced in the United States.

A tax on virgin materials charged to all manufacturing firms would

Refer to the figure above.If a common standard for workplace exposure were set at r₁

The establishment of Brownfields sites

-Refer to the figure above.In the graph above, Curve A would be labeled

What Is Environmental Economics

The Economy and the Environment

Benefits and Costs, Supply and Demand

Economic Efficiency and Markets

The Economics of Environmental Quality

Framework of Analysis

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Benefits

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Costs

Criteria for Evaluating Environmental Policies

Decentralized Policies: Liability Laws, Property Rights, and Voluntary Action

Command-And-Control Strategies: the Case of Standards

Incentive-Based Strategies: Market Trading Systems

Federal Water Pollution-Control Policy

Federal Air Pollution-Control Policy

The Global Environment

International Environmental Agreements

Globalization

Economic Development and the Environment

Filters

Exam 17: State and Local Environmental Issues

The materials balance equation can be written in all of the following forms except

When the economics of pest resistance are examined, it becomes clear that

The ability of a municipality to send solid waste to a landfill is affected by

If acceptable levels of exposure to chemicals were determined by 'balancing', regulators would attempt to

Which of the following affect a firm's incentive and ability to replace virgin material in the production with recycled materials?

Trying to reduce the amounts of hazardous material that are in need of disposal by either recycling residuals back into the production process, or by shifting technologies and operations so that the amount of residuals generated by firms is reduced is known as ________.

In managing the regulation of hazardous waste, federal policy has been aimed at two problems

As a part of the National Contingency Plan (NCP, the National Priorities Plan (NPL) is a state-federal effort to earmark a list of ranked sites for clean up that have experienced hazardous pollution.The priorities are established by taking into account

________ content standards require that all materials-using products manufactured or sold contain some specified percentage of ________.

In the decision of whether or not to regulate a chemical, the question of which party has the responsibility of providing information to decide a chemical's safety level is called the

In the most recent past, most of the US urban solid waste was disposed ___________.This practice has become a prime environmental concern.

The reason that increased costs waste disposal is often an ineffective way to reduce hazardous waste is

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) includes trash or garbage from homes, businesses and institutions.Over the past last 50 years, the amount of MSW that is recycled has

Hazardous waste generation in the US

Each of the following is a primary pollution control statute for toxic emissions in the US except

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a ________ portion of the solid waste that is produced in the United States.

A tax on virgin materials charged to all manufacturing firms would

Refer to the figure above.If a common standard for workplace exposure were set at r1

The establishment of Brownfields sites

-Refer to the figure above.In the graph above, Curve A would be labeled

What Is Environmental Economics

The Economy and the Environment

Benefits and Costs, Supply and Demand

Economic Efficiency and Markets

The Economics of Environmental Quality

Framework of Analysis

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Benefits

Benefit-Cost Analysis: Costs

Criteria for Evaluating Environmental Policies

Decentralized Policies: Liability Laws, Property Rights, and Voluntary Action

Command-And-Control Strategies: the Case of Standards

Incentive-Based Strategies: Market Trading Systems

Federal Water Pollution-Control Policy

Federal Air Pollution-Control Policy

The Global Environment

International Environmental Agreements

Globalization

Economic Development and the Environment

Filters

content standards require that all materials-using products manufactured or sold contain some specified percentage of .

Refer to the figure above.If a common standard for workplace exposure were set at r₁