Exam 9: What Genes Are

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a combination of guide ________ and ________ proteins.

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV)light can alter DNA sequences in a cell.Uncorrected,these changes can lead to skin cancer.Individuals who have a mutation in a gene that produces DNA ________ protein may be at an increased risk for skin cancer.

A chemical is found that binds to a replicating strand of DNA but does not allow the next nucleotide to bind to the growing chain.Explain how this chemical would affect cell division.

The figure below shows the first cycle in polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The structure marked "P" in this figure

You are working for a pharmaceutical company that hopes to produce genetically engineered human pancreatic amylase from rapidly reproducing E.coli cells.Your colleague has worked for months to isolate a minute amount of DNA that she suspects contains the gene for human pancreatic amylase.You need more of this DNA for testing and evaluation.Describe how you can easily produce millions of exact copies of this DNA.

According to the infographic below,the number of references to CRISPR in the PubMed database ________ between 2014 and 2016.

A strand of DNA has the sequence GCAATTCG.The sequence of the complementary strand is ________.

A permanent change in the DNA base sequence due to an uncorrected mismatch error is called a(n)

The significance of specific base pairing in DNA is that

What would you expect to find if you examined the DNA base-pair sequence of the allele for a mutated cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene (CFTR)and compared it to the DNA base-pair sequence of the allele for a fully functional CFTR gene?

The DNA primers used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR)are

DNA polymerase is used by the cell to

The hereditary genetic material present in all living cells is

A scientist adds a single polymerase and primer to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)but does not add nucleotides.How many strands would be present after three replications if a single original strand was present? Explain your answer.

Which of the following must occur for a mismatch error to be repaired?

A scientist used CRISPR-Cas9 to inactivate the pol gene for DNA polymerase in the porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV)sequences of a pig embryo.The resulting pig embryo cells were then placed in proximity of human cells,but there was no infection of the human cells by the PERVs.Why were the PERVs no longer able to infect the human cells?

If one strand of DNA has the sequence CGATT,the sequence of the other strand of the same molecule will be

When examining the two complementary strands of nucleotides in one DNA molecule,it would be expected that the sum of ________ in one strand would be ________ the sum of the ________ in the other strand.

The CRISPR-Cas9 complex cuts through both strands of DNA in two neighboring sites.The chromosome does not break apart because during normal repair processes,the DNA sequences between the cut sites are

Short lengths of DNA are wound around bundles of ________ to create a structure consisting of many nucleosomes strung together by strings of DNA.