Question 1

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)is used to

Accepted Answer

A)  produce many copies of a selected DNA sequence. 
B)  insert DNA from one organism into a new host. 
C)  screen for a particular gene. 
D)  deliver DNA products into a human patient. 
A)  produce many copies of a selected DNA sequence. 
B)  insert DNA from one organism into a new host. 
C)  screen for a particular gene. 
D)  deliver DNA products into a human patient.

Question 2

A species that lacks DNA repair mechanisms is likely to have ________ variations between individuals than a species that possesses repair mechanisms because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fewer; there are fewer ways to change the DNA 
B)  fewer; the repair mechanisms introduce more variation into the DNA sequence 
C)  more; more spontaneous mutations will go uncorrected 
D)  more; without a repair mechanism,the cell's DNA replication genes are inactivated 
A)  fewer; there are fewer ways to change the DNA 
B)  fewer; the repair mechanisms introduce more variation into the DNA sequence 
C)  more; more spontaneous mutations will go uncorrected 
D)  more; without a repair mechanism,the cell's DNA replication genes are inactivated

Question 3

Replication of DNA cannot begin until ________ bonds between ________ are broken.

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphate; nucleotides 
B)  hydrogen; complementary bases 
C)  covalent; sugar molecules 
D)  hydrogen; nucleotides in one strand 
A)  phosphate; nucleotides 
B)  hydrogen; complementary bases 
C)  covalent; sugar molecules 
D)  hydrogen; nucleotides in one strand

Question 4

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is made up of two guide ________ molecules and two Cas9 ________ molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA; protein 
B)  protein; RNA 
C)  DNA; protein 
D)  protein; DNA 
A)  RNA; protein 
B)  protein; RNA 
C)  DNA; protein 
D)  protein; DNA

Question 5

A detective finds a miniscule spot of blood on a murder suspect's shirt.What method would the police lab be expected to use to get enough DNA from the blood droplet to perform DNA fingerprinting?

Accepted Answer

A)  inserting the blood's DNA into viral DNA 
B)  polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
C)  inserting the sample's DNA into a plasmid 
D)  DNA sequencing 
A)  inserting the blood's DNA into viral DNA 
B)  polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
C)  inserting the sample's DNA into a plasmid 
D)  DNA sequencing

Question 6

The difference between the alleles of a single gene is

Accepted Answer

A)  their DNA base sequences. 
B)  the way they are copied when the cell divides. 
C)  the type of lipid of which they are composed. 
D)  that they are not heritable. 
A)  their DNA base sequences. 
B)  the way they are copied when the cell divides. 
C)  the type of lipid of which they are composed. 
D)  that they are not heritable.

Question 7

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)technique could be developed only after the discovery of bacterial enzymes that were able to withstand high temperatures.Why was it necessary to use such enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only bacterial DNA can be copied using the PCR method,so bacterial enzymes were necessary. 
B)  Bacterial enzymes can bind to DNA outside of a cell. 
C)  DNA can be cut into fragments only at high temperatures. 
D)  The temperature required to separate DNA strands during PCR degrades other enzymes. 
A)  Only bacterial DNA can be copied using the PCR method,so bacterial enzymes were necessary. 
B)  Bacterial enzymes can bind to DNA outside of a cell. 
C)  DNA can be cut into fragments only at high temperatures. 
D)  The temperature required to separate DNA strands during PCR degrades other enzymes.

Question 8

A chemical that disrupts hydrogen bonds is added to a test tube containing DNA.What would be the result of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

The individual strands of DNA

Question 9

A segment of DNA in a test tube replicates and produces many copies of itself.What was probably in the test tube that enhanced this process?

Accepted Answer

A)  repair enzymes 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  plasmids 
D)  a mutagen 
A)  repair enzymes 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  plasmids 
D)  a mutagen

Question 10

The first human trial using CRISPR and approved by NIH used the system to edit

Accepted Answer

A)  a mutated gene in human embryos and cure a genetic blood disorder. 
B)  targeted genes in both human and mouse cells. 
C)  bacterial genomes. 
D)  a cancer patient's own immune system cells. 
A)  a mutated gene in human embryos and cure a genetic blood disorder. 
B)  targeted genes in both human and mouse cells. 
C)  bacterial genomes. 
D)  a cancer patient's own immune system cells.

Question 11

Once attached to the proper DNA sequence,Cas9 proteins found in the CRISPR-Cas9 system ________ both strands of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  polymerize 
B)  cleave 
C)  wind 
D)  unwind 
A)  polymerize 
B)  cleave 
C)  wind 
D)  unwind

Question 12

The sequence of DNA differs among individuals within a species.This is the reason for

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation. 
B)  protein structure. 
C)  base pairing. 
D)  variations in phenotypes. 
A)  mutation. 
B)  protein structure. 
C)  base pairing. 
D)  variations in phenotypes.

Question 13

When a cell divides,it

Accepted Answer

A)  breaks down its DNA. 
B)  deletes old genetic information. 
C)  copies information from neighboring cells. 
D)  copies its own genetic information. 
A)  breaks down its DNA. 
B)  deletes old genetic information. 
C)  copies information from neighboring cells. 
D)  copies its own genetic information.

Question 14

Cooling cycles during PCR amplification of DNA enable enzymes to build two new strands of ________ through ________ base-pairing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cooling cycles during PCR amplification of DNA...

Question 15

Along one side of a DNA molecule,the nucleotides are connected to each other by ________ bounds between ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent; phosphate groups and sugar molecules 
B)  hydrogen; adenine and guanine 
C)  covalent; bases and sugar molecules 
D)  hydrogen; adjacent sugar molecules 
A)  covalent; phosphate groups and sugar molecules 
B)  hydrogen; adenine and guanine 
C)  covalent; bases and sugar molecules 
D)  hydrogen; adjacent sugar molecules

Question 16

DNA fingerprinting is based on regions of DNA that are variable between individuals.Many of these differences between individuals produce no change in phenotype.This type of mutation is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  deletion. 
B)  insertion. 
C)  silent mutation. 
D)  substitution mutation. 
A)  deletion. 
B)  insertion. 
C)  silent mutation. 
D)  substitution mutation.

Question 17

A protein binds to the outside of a DNA strand.This protein will NOT likely bind to the ________ of the DNA nucleotides.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A protein binds to the outside of...

Question 18

A rapidly dividing cell is exposed to a chemical that converts the bond that forms between adenine and thymine to a stronger covalent bond.Which of the following is MOST likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication would produce two molecules of DNA with mutations at every base that once held an A-T base pair. 
B)  DNA replication would not occur because the two nucleotide strands that make up the DNA molecule would not be able to separate. 
C)  DNA replication would occur more slowly because DNA repair proteins would have to fix the covalent bonds before replication could begin. 
D)  DNA replication would be faster because covalent bonds require less energy to break than hydrogen bonds. 
A)  DNA replication would produce two molecules of DNA with mutations at every base that once held an A-T base pair. 
B)  DNA replication would not occur because the two nucleotide strands that make up the DNA molecule would not be able to separate. 
C)  DNA replication would occur more slowly because DNA repair proteins would have to fix the covalent bonds before replication could begin. 
D)  DNA replication would be faster because covalent bonds require less energy to break than hydrogen bonds.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)is used to

A species that lacks DNA repair mechanisms is likely to have variations between individuals than a species that possesses repair mechanisms because .

Replication of DNA cannot begin until bonds between are broken.

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is made up of two guide molecules and two Cas9 molecules.

A detective finds a miniscule spot of blood on a murder suspect's shirt.What method would the police lab be expected to use to get enough DNA from the blood droplet to perform DNA fingerprinting?

The difference between the alleles of a single gene is

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)technique could be developed only after the discovery of bacterial enzymes that were able to withstand high temperatures.Why was it necessary to use such enzymes?

A chemical that disrupts hydrogen bonds is added to a test tube containing DNA.What would be the result of this reaction?

A segment of DNA in a test tube replicates and produces many copies of itself.What was probably in the test tube that enhanced this process?

The first human trial using CRISPR and approved by NIH used the system to edit

Once attached to the proper DNA sequence,Cas9 proteins found in the CRISPR-Cas9 system ________ both strands of DNA.

The sequence of DNA differs among individuals within a species.This is the reason for

When a cell divides,it

Cooling cycles during PCR amplification of DNA enable enzymes to build two new strands of through base-pairing.

Along one side of a DNA molecule,the nucleotides are connected to each other by bounds between .

DNA fingerprinting is based on regions of DNA that are variable between individuals.Many of these differences between individuals produce no change in phenotype.This type of mutation is a(n)

A protein binds to the outside of a DNA strand.This protein will NOT likely bind to the ________ of the DNA nucleotides.

A rapidly dividing cell is exposed to a chemical that converts the bond that forms between adenine and thymine to a stronger covalent bond.Which of the following is MOST likely to occur?

The Nature of Science

Evaluating Scientific Claims

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Plants,fungi,and Protists

Animals and Human Evolution

Filters

Exam 9: What Genes Are

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)is used to

A species that lacks DNA repair mechanisms is likely to have ________ variations between individuals than a species that possesses repair mechanisms because ________.

Replication of DNA cannot begin until ________ bonds between ________ are broken.

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is made up of two guide ________ molecules and two Cas9 ________ molecules.

A detective finds a miniscule spot of blood on a murder suspect's shirt.What method would the police lab be expected to use to get enough DNA from the blood droplet to perform DNA fingerprinting?

The difference between the alleles of a single gene is

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)technique could be developed only after the discovery of bacterial enzymes that were able to withstand high temperatures.Why was it necessary to use such enzymes?

A chemical that disrupts hydrogen bonds is added to a test tube containing DNA.What would be the result of this reaction?

A segment of DNA in a test tube replicates and produces many copies of itself.What was probably in the test tube that enhanced this process?

The first human trial using CRISPR and approved by NIH used the system to edit

Once attached to the proper DNA sequence,Cas9 proteins found in the CRISPR-Cas9 system ________ both strands of DNA.

The sequence of DNA differs among individuals within a species.This is the reason for

When a cell divides,it

Cooling cycles during PCR amplification of DNA enable enzymes to build two new strands of ________ through ________ base-pairing.

Along one side of a DNA molecule,the nucleotides are connected to each other by ________ bounds between ________.

DNA fingerprinting is based on regions of DNA that are variable between individuals.Many of these differences between individuals produce no change in phenotype.This type of mutation is a(n)

A protein binds to the outside of a DNA strand.This protein will NOT likely bind to the ________ of the DNA nucleotides.

A rapidly dividing cell is exposed to a chemical that converts the bond that forms between adenine and thymine to a stronger covalent bond.Which of the following is MOST likely to occur?

The Nature of Science

Evaluating Scientific Claims

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Mechanisms of Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Plants,fungi,and Protists

Animals and Human Evolution

Filters

A species that lacks DNA repair mechanisms is likely to have variations between individuals than a species that possesses repair mechanisms because .

Replication of DNA cannot begin until bonds between are broken.

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is made up of two guide molecules and two Cas9 molecules.

Cooling cycles during PCR amplification of DNA enable enzymes to build two new strands of through base-pairing.

Along one side of a DNA molecule,the nucleotides are connected to each other by bounds between .