Question 1

The model of the nucleus in which each nucleon has its own well-defined quantum numbers is called the:

Accepted Answer

A) collective model 
B) quantum model 
C) liquid drop model 
D) independent model 
E) atomic model 
A) collective model 
B) quantum model 
C) liquid drop model 
D) independent model 
E) atomic model D

Question 2

The half-life of a given nuclear disintegration A $\rightarrow$ B:

Accepted Answer

A) depends on the initial number of A atoms 
B) depends on the initial number of B atoms 
C) is an exponentially increasing function of time 
D) is an exponentially decreasing function of time 
E) none of the above 
A) depends on the initial number of A atoms 
B) depends on the initial number of B atoms 
C) is an exponentially increasing function of time 
D) is an exponentially decreasing function of time 
E) none of the above E

Question 3

The graph shows the decay rate R as a function of the time t for three radioactive samples.Rank the samples according to their half-lives, shortest to longest.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2 ,3 
B) 1, 3, 2 
C) 2, 1, 3 
D) 2, 3, 1 
E) 3, 1, 2 
A) 1, 2 ,3 
B) 1, 3, 2 
C) 2, 1, 3 
D) 2, 3, 1 
E) 3, 1, 2 C

Question 4

Let A be the mass number and Z be the atomic number of a nucleus.Which of the following is approximately correct for light nuclei?

Accepted Answer

A) Z = 2A 
B) Z = A 
C) Z = A/2 
D) Z = 
E) Z = A2 
A) Z = 2A 
B) Z = A 
C) Z = A/2 
D) Z = 
E) Z = A2

Question 5

Magnesium has atomic number 12, hydrogen has atomic number 1, and helium has atomic number 2.In the nuclear reaction 24Mg + 2H $\rightarrow$ ( )+ 4He the missing quantity is:

Accepted Answer

A) "23Na (Z = 11)" 
B) "22Ne (Z = 10)" 
C) "21Na (Z = 11)" 
D) "21Ne (Z = 10)" 
E) "22Na (Z = 11)" 
A) "23Na (Z = 11)" 
B) "22Ne (Z = 10)" 
C) "21Na (Z = 11)" 
D) "21Ne (Z = 10)" 
E) "22Na (Z = 11)"

Question 6

A radium atom, 226Ra (Z = 86), emits an alpha particle.The number of protons in the resulting atom is:

Accepted Answer

A) 84 
B) 85 
C) 86 
D) 88 
E) some other number 
A) 84 
B) 85 
C) 86 
D) 88 
E) some other number

Question 7

The half-life of a radioactive isotope is 6.5 h.If there are initially 48 *1032 atoms of this isotope, the number of atoms of this isotope remaining after 26 h is:

Accepted Answer

A) 12 * 1032 
B) 6 * 1032 
C) 3 * 1032 
D) 6 * 104 
E) 3 * 102 
A) 12 * 1032 
B) 6 * 1032 
C) 3 * 1032 
D) 6 * 104 
E) 3 * 102

Question 8

A nucleus with mass number A and atomic number Z emits an alpha particle.The mass number and atomic number, respectively, of the daughter nucleus are:

Accepted Answer

A) A, Z -2 
B) A - 2, Z - 2 
C) A - 2, Z 
D) A - 4, Z 
E) A - 4, Z - 2 
A) A, Z -2 
B) A - 2, Z - 2 
C) A - 2, Z 
D) A - 4, Z 
E) A - 4, Z - 2

Question 9

The mass density of an atomic nucleus:

Accepted Answer

A) is about 1015 kg/m3 
B) is about 1012 kg/m3 
C) increases with increasing nuclear mass 
D) increases with decreasing nuclear radius 
E) is roughly constant independent of atomic number 
A) is about 1015 kg/m3 
B) is about 1012 kg/m3 
C) increases with increasing nuclear mass 
D) increases with decreasing nuclear radius 
E) is roughly constant independent of atomic number

Question 10

Some alpha emitters have longer half-lives than others because:

Accepted Answer

A) their alpha particles have greater mass 
B) their alpha particles have less mass 
C) their barriers to decay are higher and wider 
D) their barriers to decay are lower and narrower 
E) their decays include the emission of a photon 
A) their alpha particles have greater mass 
B) their alpha particles have less mass 
C) their barriers to decay are higher and wider 
D) their barriers to decay are lower and narrower 
E) their decays include the emission of a photon

Question 11

The greatest binding energy per nucleon occurs for nuclides with masses near that of:

Accepted Answer

A) helium 
B) sodium 
C) iron 
D) mercury 
E) uranium 
A) helium 
B) sodium 
C) iron 
D) mercury 
E) uranium

Question 12

The relationship between the activity R, the disintegration constant λ, and the remaining number N of radioactive nuclei is:

Accepted Answer

A) N = λR 
B) R = λN 
C) R = λ/N 
D) R = N/ λ 
E) R = λ ln N 
A) N = λR 
B) R = λN 
C) R = λ/N 
D) R = N/ λ 
E) R = λ ln N

Question 13

If a nucleus has mass M, Z protons (mass mp)and N neutrons (mass mn)its binding energy is equal to:

Accepted Answer

A) Mc2 
B) (M - Zmp - Nmn)c2 
C) (Zmp + Nmn - M)c2 
D) (Zmp + Nmn)c2 
E) (Zmp - M)c2 
A) Mc2 
B) (M - Zmp - Nmn)c2 
C) (Zmp + Nmn - M)c2 
D) (Zmp + Nmn)c2 
E) (Zmp - M)c2

Question 14

A large collection of nuclei are undergoing alpha decay.The rate of decay at any instant is proportional to:

Accepted Answer

A) the number of undecayed nuclei present at that instant 
B) the time since the decays started 
C) the time remaining before all have decayed 
D) the half-life of the decay 
E) the average time between decays 
A) the number of undecayed nuclei present at that instant 
B) the time since the decays started 
C) the time remaining before all have decayed 
D) the half-life of the decay 
E) the average time between decays

Question 15

A nucleus with mass number A and atomic number Z undergoes $\beta$+ decay.The mass number and atomic number, respectively, of the daughter nucleus are:

Accepted Answer

A) A - 1, Z - 1 
B) A - 1, Z + 1 
C) A + 1, Z - 1 
D) A, Z + 1 
E) A, Z - 1 
A) A - 1, Z - 1 
B) A - 1, Z + 1 
C) A + 1, Z - 1 
D) A, Z + 1 
E) A, Z - 1

Question 16

The sievert is the correct unit to use in reporting the measurement of:

Accepted Answer

A) the rate of decay of a radioactive source 
B) the ability of a beam of gamma ray photons to produce ions in a target 
C) the energy delivered by radiation to a target 
D) the biological effect of radiation 
E) none of the above 
A) the rate of decay of a radioactive source 
B) the ability of a beam of gamma ray photons to produce ions in a target 
C) the energy delivered by radiation to a target 
D) the biological effect of radiation 
E) none of the above

Question 17

A nucleus with mass number A and atomic number Z undergoes $\beta$- decay.The mass number and atomic number, respectively, of the daughter nucleus are:

Accepted Answer

A) A, Z - 1.0 
B) A - 1, Z 
C) A + 1, Z - 1 
D) A, Z + 1 
E) A, Z - 1 
A) A, Z - 1.0 
B) A - 1, Z 
C) A + 1, Z - 1 
D) A, Z + 1 
E) A, Z - 1

Question 18

In addition to the daughter nucleus and an electron or positron, the products of a beta decay include:

Accepted Answer

A) a neutron 
B) a neutrino 
C) a proton 
D) an alpha particle 
E) no other particle 
A) a neutron 
B) a neutrino 
C) a proton 
D) an alpha particle 
E) no other particle

Question 19

An atom of 235U (Z = 92)disintegrates to 207Pb (Z = 82)with a half-life of about a billion years by emitting seven alpha particles and ______ $\beta$- particles:

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 6 
E) 7 
A) 3 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 6 
E) 7

Question 20

Stable nuclei generally:

Accepted Answer

A) have a greater number of protons than neutrons 
B) have low mass numbers 
C) have high mass numbers 
D) are beta emitters 
E) none of the above 
A) have a greater number of protons than neutrons 
B) have low mass numbers 
C) have high mass numbers 
D) are beta emitters 
E) none of the above

Exam 42: Nuclear Physics

The model of the nucleus in which each nucleon has its own well-defined quantum numbers is called the:

The half-life of a given nuclear disintegration A →\rightarrow→ B:

The graph shows the decay rate R as a function of the time t for three radioactive samples.Rank the samples according to their half-lives, shortest to longest.

Let A be the mass number and Z be the atomic number of a nucleus.Which of the following is approximately correct for light nuclei?

Magnesium has atomic number 12, hydrogen has atomic number 1, and helium has atomic number 2.In the nuclear reaction 24Mg + 2H →\rightarrow→ ( )+ 4He the missing quantity is:

A radium atom, 226Ra (Z = 86), emits an alpha particle.The number of protons in the resulting atom is:

The half-life of a radioactive isotope is 6.5 h.If there are initially 48 *1032 atoms of this isotope, the number of atoms of this isotope remaining after 26 h is:

A nucleus with mass number A and atomic number Z emits an alpha particle.The mass number and atomic number, respectively, of the daughter nucleus are:

The mass density of an atomic nucleus:

Some alpha emitters have longer half-lives than others because:

The greatest binding energy per nucleon occurs for nuclides with masses near that of:

The relationship between the activity R, the disintegration constant λ, and the remaining number N of radioactive nuclei is:

If a nucleus has mass M, Z protons (mass mp)and N neutrons (mass mn)its binding energy is equal to:

A large collection of nuclei are undergoing alpha decay.The rate of decay at any instant is proportional to:

A nucleus with mass number A and atomic number Z undergoes β\betaβ + decay.The mass number and atomic number, respectively, of the daughter nucleus are:

The sievert is the correct unit to use in reporting the measurement of:

A nucleus with mass number A and atomic number Z undergoes β\betaβ - decay.The mass number and atomic number, respectively, of the daughter nucleus are:

In addition to the daughter nucleus and an electron or positron, the products of a beta decay include:

An atom of 235U (Z = 92)disintegrates to 207Pb (Z = 82)with a half-life of about a billion years by emitting seven alpha particles and ______ β\betaβ - particles:

Stable nuclei generally:

Measurement

Motion Along a Straight Line

Vector

Motion in Two and Three Dimensions

Force and Motion I

Force and Motion II

Kinetic Energy and Work

Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy

Center of Mass and Linear Momentum

Rotation

Rolling, Torque, and Angular Momentum

Equilibrium and Elasticity

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Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics

The Kinetic Theory of Gases

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

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Relativity

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More About Matter Waves

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Filters

The half-life of a given nuclear disintegration A $\rightarrow$ B:

Magnesium has atomic number 12, hydrogen has atomic number 1, and helium has atomic number 2.In the nuclear reaction ²⁴Mg + ²H $\rightarrow$ ( )+ ⁴He the missing quantity is:

A radium atom, ²²⁶Ra (Z = 86), emits an alpha particle.The number of protons in the resulting atom is:

The half-life of a radioactive isotope is 6.5 h.If there are initially 48 *10³² atoms of this isotope, the number of atoms of this isotope remaining after 26 h is:

If a nucleus has mass M, Z protons (mass m_p)and N neutrons (mass m_n)its binding energy is equal to:

A nucleus with mass number A and atomic number Z undergoes $\beta$ ⁺ decay.The mass number and atomic number, respectively, of the daughter nucleus are:

A nucleus with mass number A and atomic number Z undergoes $\beta$ ^- decay.The mass number and atomic number, respectively, of the daughter nucleus are:

An atom of ²³⁵U (Z = 92)disintegrates to ²⁰⁷Pb (Z = 82)with a half-life of about a billion years by emitting seven alpha particles and ______ $\beta$ ^- particles: