Question 1

If you identify an indentation in a bone that another bone structures fits (articulates)in, what is the bone marking (indentation)called?

Accepted Answer

A) Fossa 
B) Facet 
C) Fovea 
D) Fissure 
A) Fossa 
B) Facet 
C) Fovea 
D) Fissure

Question 2

Which of these terms best describes a small hole going through a bone?

Accepted Answer

A) Fissure 
B) Protuberance 
C) Foramen 
D) Tubercle 
A) Fissure 
B) Protuberance 
C) Foramen 
D) Tubercle

Question 3

Where is the red bone marrow located?

Accepted Answer

A) Compact bone 
B) Diaphysis 
C) Epiphyseal plate 
D) Spongy bone 
A) Compact bone 
B) Diaphysis 
C) Epiphyseal plate 
D) Spongy bone

Question 4

Which osteon structure houses the cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) Endosteum 
B) Periosteum 
C) Perforating canals 
D) Canaliculi 
A) Endosteum 
B) Periosteum 
C) Perforating canals 
D) Canaliculi

Question 5

-Classify bone "c" based on shape.

Accepted Answer

A) Irregular bone 
B) Short bone 
C) Flat bone 
D) Long bone 
A) Irregular bone 
B) Short bone 
C) Flat bone 
D) Long bone

Question 6

What cells build the bone?

Accepted Answer

A) Chondroblasts 
B) Osteoclasts 
C) Osteoblasts 
D) Fibroblasts 
A) Chondroblasts 
B) Osteoclasts 
C) Osteoblasts 
D) Fibroblasts

Question 7

What structure is the outermost, dense covering around bone?

Accepted Answer

A) Endosteum 
B) Epiphysis 
C) Spongy bone 
D) Periosteum 
A) Endosteum 
B) Epiphysis 
C) Spongy bone 
D) Periosteum

Question 8

Which is a characteristic of all three types of cartilage?

Accepted Answer

A) The primary cell type is the fibroblast. 
B) It helps anchor muscle to bone. 
C) It lacks direct access to the blood supply. 
D) The primary fiber type is elastic. 
A) The primary cell type is the fibroblast. 
B) It helps anchor muscle to bone. 
C) It lacks direct access to the blood supply. 
D) The primary fiber type is elastic.

Question 9

-Classify bone "a" based on shape.

Accepted Answer

A) Irregular bone 
B) Short bone 
C) Flat bone 
D) Long bone 
A) Irregular bone 
B) Short bone 
C) Flat bone 
D) Long bone

Question 10

What is found within the osteon's lacunae?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydroxyapatites 
B) Osteoblasts 
C) Osteocytes 
D) Chondrocytes 
A) Hydroxyapatites 
B) Osteoblasts 
C) Osteocytes 
D) Chondrocytes

Question 11

Which cartilage forms the epiphyseal plate?

Accepted Answer

A) Hyaline 
B) Elastic 
C) Fibrocartilage 
D) Areolar cartilage 
A) Hyaline 
B) Elastic 
C) Fibrocartilage 
D) Areolar cartilage

Question 12

How do oxygen and nutrients reach the osteocytes supporting each osteon?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygen and nutrients diffuse through the mineralized osteoid 
B) Cytoplasmic extensions located in the canaliculi allow oxygen and nutrients to pass from cell to cell. 
C) Perforating canals carry the blood between the periosteum and each osteocyte. 
D) Dendritic cells move between the lamellae delivering oxygen. 
A) Oxygen and nutrients diffuse through the mineralized osteoid 
B) Cytoplasmic extensions located in the canaliculi allow oxygen and nutrients to pass from cell to cell. 
C) Perforating canals carry the blood between the periosteum and each osteocyte. 
D) Dendritic cells move between the lamellae delivering oxygen.

Question 13

Through what path would an oxygen molecule in an artery of the periosteum take to reach the central canal of the closest osteon?

Accepted Answer

A) Canaliculi 
B) Haversian canal 
C) Perforating canal 
D) Endosteum 
A) Canaliculi 
B) Haversian canal 
C) Perforating canal 
D) Endosteum

Question 14

-What is the function of the structure labeled "b"?

Accepted Answer

A) Houses the osteocytes 
B) Houses cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes 
C) Stores the calcium mineral salts 
D) Transports blood along the length of the osteon 
A) Houses the osteocytes 
B) Houses cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes 
C) Stores the calcium mineral salts 
D) Transports blood along the length of the osteon

Question 15

Predict the locations of hyaline cartilage in the femur of a 10-year-old child.

Accepted Answer

A) Proximal epiphysis 
B) Distal epiphysis 
C) Epiphyseal plate 
D) All of the choices are found in the femur of a 10-year old child. 
A) Proximal epiphysis 
B) Distal epiphysis 
C) Epiphyseal plate 
D) All of the choices are found in the femur of a 10-year old child.

Question 16

Explain the difference between a meatus and a foramen.

Accepted Answer

A) A meatus is a canal through a bone, whereas a foramen is a hole in a bone. 
B) A meatus is a fissure in a bone, whereas a foramen is a hole in a bone. 
C) A meatus is an indentation in a bone, whereas a foramen is a depression in a bone. 
D) There is no difference, they both refer to openings in bone. 
A) A meatus is a canal through a bone, whereas a foramen is a hole in a bone. 
B) A meatus is a fissure in a bone, whereas a foramen is a hole in a bone. 
C) A meatus is an indentation in a bone, whereas a foramen is a depression in a bone. 
D) There is no difference, they both refer to openings in bone.

Question 17

Which component of bone provides flexible strength that resists tension?

Accepted Answer

A) Osteocytes 
B) Organic matrix 
C) Mineralized salts 
D) Inorganic matrix 
A) Osteocytes 
B) Organic matrix 
C) Mineralized salts 
D) Inorganic matrix

Question 18

Which cartilage forms the meniscus?

Accepted Answer

A) Hyaline 
B) Elastic 
C) Fibrocartilage 
D) Areolar cartilage 
A) Hyaline 
B) Elastic 
C) Fibrocartilage 
D) Areolar cartilage

Question 19

What part of the chemical composition of bone gives it its exceptional hardness and ability to resist compression?

Accepted Answer

A) Mineral salts 
B) Collagen fibers 
C) Osteoid 
D) Osteocytes 
A) Mineral salts 
B) Collagen fibers 
C) Osteoid 
D) Osteocytes

Question 20

Which cartilage attaches the ribs to the sternum?

Accepted Answer

A) Hyaline 
B) Elastic 
C) Fibrocartilage 
D) Areolar cartilage 
A) Hyaline 
B) Elastic 
C) Fibrocartilage 
D) Areolar cartilage

Exam 8: Introduction to the Skeletal System

If you identify an indentation in a bone that another bone structures fits (articulates)in, what is the bone marking (indentation)called?

Which of these terms best describes a small hole going through a bone?

Where is the red bone marrow located?

Which osteon structure houses the cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes?

-Classify bone "c" based on shape.

What cells build the bone?

What structure is the outermost, dense covering around bone?

Which is a characteristic of all three types of cartilage?

-Classify bone "a" based on shape.

What is found within the osteon's lacunae?

Which cartilage forms the epiphyseal plate?

How do oxygen and nutrients reach the osteocytes supporting each osteon?

Through what path would an oxygen molecule in an artery of the periosteum take to reach the central canal of the closest osteon?

-What is the function of the structure labeled "b"?

Predict the locations of hyaline cartilage in the femur of a 10-year-old child.

Explain the difference between a meatus and a foramen.

Which component of bone provides flexible strength that resists tension?

Which cartilage forms the meniscus?

What part of the chemical composition of bone gives it its exceptional hardness and ability to resist compression?

Which cartilage attaches the ribs to the sternum?

Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Introduction to the Organ Systems

Chemistry

The Microscope

The Cell

Histology

The Integumentary System

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Introduction to the Muscular System: Muscle Tissue

Gross Anatomy of the Muscular System

Introduction to the Nervous System

The Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord

The Peripheral Nervous System: Nerves and Autonomic Nervous System

General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Physiology of the Heart

Anatomy of Blood Vessels

Circulatory Pathways and the Physiology of Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System

Anatomy of the Respiratory System

Physiology of the Respiratory System

Anatomy of the Digestive System

Physiology of the Digestive System

Anatomy of the Urinary System

Physiology of the Urinary System

Reproductive and Development

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