Exam 5: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major plasma buffering system?

For a patient with respiratory acidosis, chronic compensation by the body will include:

What determines water movement between the ICF and ECF compartments?

Which organ system should the nurse monitor when the patient has long-term potassium deficits?

Which of the following conditions would cause the nurse to monitor for hyperkalemia?

When planning care for a dehydrated patient, the nurse remembers that the principle of water balance is closely related to the balance of:

Which of the following patients is the most at risk for developing hypernatremia?

An experiment was designed to test the effects of the Starling forces on fluid movement. Which of the following alterations would result in fluid moving into the interstitial space?

For a patient experiencing metabolic acidosis, the body will compensate by:

A 60-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting lung tumour. Further testing indicates that the tumour secretes ADH. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

A 10-year-old male is brought to the emergency room (ER) incoherent and semiconscious. CT scan reveals that he is suffering from cerebral edema. This type of edema is referred to as:

A 5-year-old male presents to the ER with delirium and sunken eyes. After diagnosing him with severe dehydration, the primary care provider orders fluid replacement. The nurse administers a hypertonic intravenous solution. Which of the following would be expected?

Which of the following patients should the nurse assess for decreased oncotic pressure in the capillaries?

A 25-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumour of the adrenal cortex. Which finding would the nurse expect to see in the laboratory results?

A 35-year-old male weighs 70 kg. Approximately how much of this weight is considered the total volume of body water?

Which patient should the nurse assess for both hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis?

A 70-year-old male with chronic kidney failure presents with edema. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this condition?

A 55-year-old female presents to her primary care provider and reports dizziness, confusion, and tingling in the extremities. Blood tests reveal an elevated pH, decreased PCO₂, and slightly decreased HCO₃. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis?

A nurse is teaching the staff about antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Which information should the nurse include?