Question 1

To promote efficient wound healing, which dressing should be applied to a superficial ulcer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thick and dry 
B)  Flat and moist 
C)  Bulky and dry 
D)  None 
A)  Thick and dry 
B)  Flat and moist 
C)  Bulky and dry 
D)  None B

Question 2

A 10-year-old male is playing with matches and gets burned. His burn is waxy white in appearance. This burn is classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  first degree. 
B)  superficial partial thickness. 
C)  deep partial thickness. 
D)  third degree. 
A)  first degree. 
B)  superficial partial thickness. 
C)  deep partial thickness. 
D)  third degree. C

Question 3

A 45-year-old male presents with a chronic blister-forming disease of the skin and oral mucous membranes. The nurse would recognize this condition as:

Accepted Answer

A)  lupus erythematosus. 
B)  pemphigus. 
C)  psoriasis. 
D)  eczema. 
A)  lupus erythematosus. 
B)  pemphigus. 
C)  psoriasis. 
D)  eczema. B

Question 4

An increase in _____ is associated with pruritus.

Accepted Answer

A)  substance P 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  histamine 
A)  substance P 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  histamine

Question 5

Hypovolemia in the early stages of burn shock is directly related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased cardiac contractility and shunting of blood away from visceral organs. 
B)  increased capillary permeability and evaporative water loss. 
C)  hypometabolism and renal water loss. 
D)  bacterial infection of the wound and resulting bacteremia. 
A)  decreased cardiac contractility and shunting of blood away from visceral organs. 
B)  increased capillary permeability and evaporative water loss. 
C)  hypometabolism and renal water loss. 
D)  bacterial infection of the wound and resulting bacteremia.

Question 6

Dermal appendages include which of the following structures? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Apocrine glands 
B)  Nails 
C)  Dermal papilla 
D)  Hair 
E)  Eccrine glands 
A)  Apocrine glands 
B)  Nails 
C)  Dermal papilla 
D)  Hair 
E)  Eccrine glands

Question 7

A patient wants to know which malignant skin lesion is the most serious. What is the correct response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Basal cell carcinoma 
B)  Squamous cell carcinoma 
C)  Kaposi sarcoma (KS) 
D)  Malignant melanoma 
A)  Basal cell carcinoma 
B)  Squamous cell carcinoma 
C)  Kaposi sarcoma (KS) 
D)  Malignant melanoma

Question 8

A 42-year-old female presents with raised red lesions with a brownish scale. She was diagnosed with discoid lupus erythematosus. This disorder is related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  infection. 
B)  trauma. 
C)  autoimmunity. 
D)  cancer. 
A)  infection. 
B)  trauma. 
C)  autoimmunity. 
D)  cancer.

Question 9

A 13-year-old female is concerned about several pigmented skin lesions on her body. Her primary care provider tells her that these lesions must be monitored because of their ability to transform into malignant melanoma. What are these lesions referred to as?

Accepted Answer

A)  Macules 
B)  Nevi 
C)  Plaques 
D)  Keloids 
A)  Macules 
B)  Nevi 
C)  Plaques 
D)  Keloids

Question 10

Which cells are involved in initiating immune responses in the skin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Langerhans cells 
B)  Merkel cells 
C)  Keratinocytes 
D)  Melanocyte 
A)  Langerhans cells 
B)  Merkel cells 
C)  Keratinocytes 
D)  Melanocyte

Question 11

A 52-year-old female diagnosed with systemic scleroderma will likely present with which manifestation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cutaneous vasculitis 
B)  Raynaud phenomenon 
C)  Cellulitis 
D)  Infection 
A)  Cutaneous vasculitis 
B)  Raynaud phenomenon 
C)  Cellulitis 
D)  Infection

Question 12

Which process would be expected in the first 24 hours following a serious burn?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased capillary permeability 
B)  Diuresis 
C)  Decreased levels of stress hormones 
D)  Fluid overload 
A)  Increased capillary permeability 
B)  Diuresis 
C)  Decreased levels of stress hormones 
D)  Fluid overload

Question 13

A 70-year-old male nursing home resident developed a dermal pressure ulcer. This condition is most often caused by which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Shearing forces 
B)  Friction 
C)  Moisture 
D)  Unrelieved pressure 
E)  High-carbohydrate diet 
A)  Shearing forces 
B)  Friction 
C)  Moisture 
D)  Unrelieved pressure 
E)  High-carbohydrate diet

Question 14

In which layer of the skin are fat cells located?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epidermis 
B)  Dermis 
C)  Subcutaneous layer 
D)  Fascia beneath the skin 
A)  Epidermis 
B)  Dermis 
C)  Subcutaneous layer 
D)  Fascia beneath the skin

Question 15

In burn injury patients, the rule of nines and the Lund and Browder chart are used to estimate:

Accepted Answer

A)  depth of burn injury. 
B)  possibility of infection. 
C)  degree of systemic involvement. 
D)  total body surface area burned. 
A)  depth of burn injury. 
B)  possibility of infection. 
C)  degree of systemic involvement. 
D)  total body surface area burned.

Question 16

A wound scar that is sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, and progressively enlarging is a result of excessive amounts of _____ accumulated during connective tissue repair.

Accepted Answer

A)  elastin 
B)  collagen 
C)  keratin 
D)  calcification 
A)  elastin 
B)  collagen 
C)  keratin 
D)  calcification

Question 17

Which of the following burns is most painful?

Accepted Answer

A)  First degree 
B)  Second degree 
C)  Charring 
D)  Third degree 
A)  First degree 
B)  Second degree 
C)  Charring 
D)  Third degree

Question 18

A patient is burned through all the dermis with only a few epidermal appendages intact. This burn is classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  first degree. 
B)  superficial partial thickness. 
C)  deep partial thickness. 
D)  third degree. 
A)  first degree. 
B)  superficial partial thickness. 
C)  deep partial thickness. 
D)  third degree.

Question 19

What type of skin is most prone to keloid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Darkly pigmented skin 
B)  Freckled skin 
C)  Pale skin 
D)  Immunocompromised skin 
A)  Darkly pigmented skin 
B)  Freckled skin 
C)  Pale skin 
D)  Immunocompromised skin

Question 20

A 20-year-old female presents with vaginal itch and thin-walled pustular lesions and is diagnosed with candidiasis. What is this condition caused by?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yeast-like fungus 
B)  Virus 
C)  Bacterium 
D)  Parasite 
A)  Yeast-like fungus 
B)  Virus 
C)  Bacterium 
D)  Parasite

Exam 41: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

To promote efficient wound healing, which dressing should be applied to a superficial ulcer?

A 10-year-old male is playing with matches and gets burned. His burn is waxy white in appearance. This burn is classified as:

A 45-year-old male presents with a chronic blister-forming disease of the skin and oral mucous membranes. The nurse would recognize this condition as:

An increase in _____ is associated with pruritus.

Hypovolemia in the early stages of burn shock is directly related to:

Dermal appendages include which of the following structures? (Select all that apply.)

A patient wants to know which malignant skin lesion is the most serious. What is the correct response?

A 42-year-old female presents with raised red lesions with a brownish scale. She was diagnosed with discoid lupus erythematosus. This disorder is related to:

A 13-year-old female is concerned about several pigmented skin lesions on her body. Her primary care provider tells her that these lesions must be monitored because of their ability to transform into malignant melanoma. What are these lesions referred to as?

Which cells are involved in initiating immune responses in the skin?

A 52-year-old female diagnosed with systemic scleroderma will likely present with which manifestation?

Which process would be expected in the first 24 hours following a serious burn?

A 70-year-old male nursing home resident developed a dermal pressure ulcer. This condition is most often caused by which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

In which layer of the skin are fat cells located?

In burn injury patients, the rule of nines and the Lund and Browder chart are used to estimate:

A wound scar that is sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, and progressively enlarging is a result of excessive amounts of _____ accumulated during connective tissue repair.

Which of the following burns is most painful?

A patient is burned through all the dermis with only a few epidermal appendages intact. This burn is classified as:

What type of skin is most prone to keloid?

A 20-year-old female presents with vaginal itch and thin-walled pustular lesions and is diagnosed with candidiasis. What is this condition caused by?

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defence

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children and Adolescents

Structure and Function of the Neurological System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations of Neurological Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematological System

Alterations of Hematological Function

Alterations of Hematological Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urological Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculo-Skeletal System

Alterations of Musculo-Skeletal Function

Alterations of Musculo-Skeletal Function in Children

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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