Exam 31: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Physical examination of a newborn who dies shortly after birth reveals wide-set eyes, parrot-beak nose, low-set ears, and receding chin. These abnormalities support which diagnosis?

An infant male has a urethral opening that is located behind the glans. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis the nurse will observe on the chart?

Upon examination of a male infant, it is determined that the urethral meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis. How will the nurse document this condition?

A 7-year-old is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which sign would support this diagnosis?

What is the life expectancy of infants who are diagnosed with bilateral renal agenesis expected to be?

When a child is admitted with acute kidney failure, a clinician realizes the most common cause of acute kidney failure is:

What term is used to describe a retrograde flow of urine from the urinary bladder into the ureters that is the cause of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Which of the following clusters of symptoms would support a child's diagnosis of glomerulonephritis?

A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. Tests reveal the deposition of immunoglobulin IgA in the glomerular capillaries. The nurse will monitor for recurrent:

A 7-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for incontinence. His mother indicates that he has never been continent before. This history supports which form of enuresis?

If nephrotic syndrome is not caused initially by kidney disease, it is termed _____ nephrotic syndrome.

What term is used to describe a chronic kidney failure caused by a lack of development of one of the kidneys?

A 2-year-old male is diagnosed with Wilms tumour. Which clinical condition is often associated with this disease?

A nurse observes on the chart that a patient is admitted with Wilms tumours. A nurse knows the tumours are found in the:

A 5-year-old male was diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. History reveals that he had an infection 3 weeks before the onset of this condition. The infection was most likely located in the:

A 4-year-old male is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following assessment findings accompanies this condition?

In addition to a mass, the child with Wilms tumour may also exhibit which assessment finding? (Select all that apply.)

A 6-year-old male diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux is experiencing urine reflux from the urinary bladder into a grossly dilated ureter and calyces. This condition would be graded:

A 15-year-old presents with flank pain, irritability, malaise, and fever and is diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. What is the most likely cause of this condition?