Exam 9: Traditional Learning Theories

According to Guthrie,the strength of an S-R association reaches its maximum value ______.

Examples of primary drives include hunger and thirst.

Crespi studied how hungry rats change their running speed when the amount of reward is suddenly changed.His findings forced Hull to conclude that ______.

Many of Hull's ideas accurately reflect important aspects of human behavior.Which is not one of these?

A young child is being potty-trained.The child's parents plan to give the child a reward when it goes to the bathroom.According to Guthrie,how long should the parents wait to give the child a reward after they correctly go to the bathroom?

______ contend an originally neutral stimulus develops the ability to elicit a specific response.

A child is crying in the grocery store.It then stops.Immediately their parent gives them a candy bar.The next time the child starts crying in the store and stops,the parent again immediately gives them a candy bar.This behavior continues for five more times.According to Guthrie,which candy bar will have the greatest impact on changing the child's crying behavior ______.

Joan is a 5-year-old child who is having a temper tantrum in the store.Her mother has threatened her with punishment if she does not stop crying but this has no effect.According to Guthrie's theory,Joan is still crying because ______.

Jill needs to study for a test.She starts to study and drinks a Coke.She then studies some more and eats a candy bar.To get the most effective studying the next day,what should Jill consume?

Suzanne cannot study in her room due to all the noise in the next door apartment.To resolve this problem,she goes to a different location where she starts studying with small amounts of noise.Over time she goes to additional locations where the noise is louder and louder.Finally,she is able to study in her room when there is lots of noise in the next door apartment.Suzanne is using the ______.

According to Guthrie,______.

Incentive motivation is defined as external arousal produced by stimuli associated with the reward.

John is running an experiment with rats.Initially,he gave the rats five food pellets in the first part of the experiment and measured performance.Then,he gave the rats 20 food pellets in the second part of the experiment and monitored their performance.What happened to the rats' behavior?

According to Hull,primary drives such as hunger produce ______.

Frustration motivates avoidance behavior and suppresses approach behavior.

John is lost in the forest and is hungry.According to Hull,this activates ______.

Tolman uses the term ______ to indicate that objects acquire reward value through the learning process.

For Amsel,what motivates escape behavior?

In addition to drive,which of the following variables does not control excitatory potential?

In Hull's theory which of the following variables represents the influence of reward on performance?