Question 1

Looking for which of the following in a trade book will give you a hint as to its scientific rigor?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cost of the book 
B)  The number of pages 
C)  The number of references 
D)  The number of authors 
A)  The cost of the book 
B)  The number of pages 
C)  The number of references 
D)  The number of authors C

Question 2

Vanessa claims that she sleeps better when she falls asleep to music.She has a comparison group because she has noticed that she does not listen to music every night, only when she remembers to charge her iPod.She typically remembers to charge her iPod on nights when she is able to finish studying earlier.What problem do you see in Vanessa's reasoning about sleeping better to music?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vanessa may be sleeping better because she is less distracted by studying/going to bed sooner. 
B)  Vanessa's belief that she sleeps better with music is not falsifiable. 
C)  Vanessa is biased because she sleeps in the same bed every night. 
D)  There is no problem with Vanessa's reasoning. 
A)  Vanessa may be sleeping better because she is less distracted by studying/going to bed sooner. 
B)  Vanessa's belief that she sleeps better with music is not falsifiable. 
C)  Vanessa is biased because she sleeps in the same bed every night. 
D)  There is no problem with Vanessa's reasoning. A

Question 3

In which of the following scenarios should you be skeptical of an authority?

Accepted Answer

A)  When they present all the evidence on a topic 
B)  When they have a scientific degree 
C)  When they based their opinions on their intuition 
D)  When they have conducted scientific research on the topic 
A)  When they present all the evidence on a topic 
B)  When they have a scientific degree 
C)  When they based their opinions on their intuition 
D)  When they have conducted scientific research on the topic C

Question 4

Which of the following is the first section of an empirical journal article?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abstract 
B)  Introduction 
C)  Results 
D)  References 
A)  Abstract 
B)  Introduction 
C)  Results 
D)  References

Question 5

Which of the following is a benefit of using a wiki to review psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A)  The wiki's coverage of a topic is usually comprehensive. 
B)  The wiki page includes a comprehensive list of references. 
C)  The wiki page has been peer-reviewed. 
D)  The wiki page can be corrected quickly. 
A)  The wiki's coverage of a topic is usually comprehensive. 
B)  The wiki page includes a comprehensive list of references. 
C)  The wiki page has been peer-reviewed. 
D)  The wiki page can be corrected quickly.

Question 6

Provide at least three reasons that explain why a wiki is a less-than-ideal source for psychological research.

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary, but in each response,

Question 7

You read research that found that first-born children tend to have higher IQs than their siblings.However, you typically earn higher grades than your older brother.Scientists might explain this discrepancy by saying that:

Accepted Answer

A)  research is probabilistic. 
B)  you have cherry-picked information to support your conclusion. 
C)  you have fallen prey to your blind spot bias. 
D)  your intuition is better than research. 
A)  research is probabilistic. 
B)  you have cherry-picked information to support your conclusion. 
C)  you have fallen prey to your blind spot bias. 
D)  your intuition is better than research.

Question 8

You are having lunch with your friends, Oliver, Julia, and Richard, and you are discussing the link between homework and exam grades.Oliver says, "I know that doing homework improves exam grades because I always do my homework and I have a 4.0." Julia says, "I know that doing homework improves exam grades because a blog I read on an education website says so." Richard says, "I know that doing homework improves exam grades because that makes sense.Teachers would not assign it if it did not." Provide a response to each friend for why his or her reasoning is unsound.

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary, but in each response,

Question 9

When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose," which section should you read first?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abstract 
B)  Introduction 
C)  Method 
D)  Discussion 
A)  Abstract 
B)  Introduction 
C)  Method 
D)  Discussion

Question 10

Why is it important to adopt the mindset of a scientific reasoner?

Accepted Answer

A)  To avoid falling into the pitfalls of personal biases 
B)  To identify the most intuitive explanations 
C)  To be able to sway people with a good story 
D)  To know what evidence people like best 
A)  To avoid falling into the pitfalls of personal biases 
B)  To identify the most intuitive explanations 
C)  To be able to sway people with a good story 
D)  To know what evidence people like best

Question 11

Hannah just finished reading an empirical journal article for a class project.Where should she go if she wants to look for a list of the study's hypotheses or research questions?

Accepted Answer

A)  First page of the article 
B)  First page of the method section 
C)  Last paragraph of the results section 
D)  Last paragraph of the introduction 
A)  First page of the article 
B)  First page of the method section 
C)  Last paragraph of the results section 
D)  Last paragraph of the introduction

Question 12

Which of the following is a limitation of PsycINFO compared to Google Scholar?

Accepted Answer

A)  PsycINFO does not provide PDF versions of articles. 
B)  PsycINFO is not free to use. 
C)  PsycINFO is not limited to just psychology and related fields. 
D)  PsycINFO does not allow you to search particular fields. 
A)  PsycINFO does not provide PDF versions of articles. 
B)  PsycINFO is not free to use. 
C)  PsycINFO is not limited to just psychology and related fields. 
D)  PsycINFO does not allow you to search particular fields.

Question 13

Lana is writing her first empirical journal article.Although she thinks she knows why she found the results she did, she also wants to mention some alternative explanations for her findings.In which section will she mention these alternative explanations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Method 
B)  Results 
C)  Discussion 
D)  References 
A)  Method 
B)  Results 
C)  Discussion 
D)  References

Question 14

Angela reads about a study in which cell phone use is associated with migraine headaches.She says, "Well, that study is not valid because I use a cell phone more than anyone I know and I never get migraines." Based on her comment, Angela may be forgetting which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Science is based on empiricism. 
B)  The study has been replicated. 
C)  The study did not properly define cell phone use. 
D)  Science is probabilistic. 
A)  Science is based on empiricism. 
B)  The study has been replicated. 
C)  The study did not properly define cell phone use. 
D)  Science is probabilistic.

Question 15

Which of the following is a limitation of Google Scholar compared to PsycINFO?

Accepted Answer

A)  Google Scholar does not provide PDF versions of articles. 
B)  Google Scholar is not free to use. 
C)  Google Scholar is not limited to just psychology and related fields. 
D)  Google Scholar can only be accessed from certain computers. 
A)  Google Scholar does not provide PDF versions of articles. 
B)  Google Scholar is not free to use. 
C)  Google Scholar is not limited to just psychology and related fields. 
D)  Google Scholar can only be accessed from certain computers.

Question 16

RESEARCH STUDY 2.1: Charlotte is studying subliminal messages and weight loss.She is curious whether people will lose more weight if they hear subliminal messages that encourage weight loss ("don't eat that food," "you want to be thin," etc.) in the music on their iPods than will people who do not have subliminal messages in their music.She studies 40 people and finds the following results:   Explain why the results of Cells B and D are important.

Accepted Answer

The results of Cells B and D are importa

Question 17

If you are interested in reading an overview of peer-reviewed scientific research within a specific area, which of the following reading sources would you choose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Edited books 
B)  Popular magazines 
C)  Scientific journals 
D)  An expert's dissertation 
A)  Edited books 
B)  Popular magazines 
C)  Scientific journals 
D)  An expert's dissertation

Question 18

When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose," why should you read the abstract first?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because it is the shortest section 
B)  Because it provides an overview of the article 
C)  Because it is written by the journal's editor 
D)  Because it appears in PsycINFO 
A)  Because it is the shortest section 
B)  Because it provides an overview of the article 
C)  Because it is written by the journal's editor 
D)  Because it appears in PsycINFO

Question 19

Advice that is based on is most likely to be correct.

Accepted Answer

A)  personal experience 
B)  research 
C)  intuition 
D)  authority's conclusions 
A)  personal experience 
B)  research 
C)  intuition 
D)  authority's conclusions

Question 20

Two biases of intuition discussed in the text are:

Accepted Answer

A)  being swayed by a good story and being persuaded by what comes easily to mind. 
B)  the present/present bias and the confederate bias. 
C)  probabilistic thinking and nonintuitive thinking. 
D)  overconfidence bias and oversimplification bias. 
A)  being swayed by a good story and being persuaded by what comes easily to mind. 
B)  the present/present bias and the confederate bias. 
C)  probabilistic thinking and nonintuitive thinking. 
D)  overconfidence bias and oversimplification bias.

Looking for which of the following in a trade book will give you a hint as to its scientific rigor?

In which of the following scenarios should you be skeptical of an authority?

Which of the following is the first section of an empirical journal article?

Which of the following is a benefit of using a wiki to review psychological research?

Provide at least three reasons that explain why a wiki is a less-than-ideal source for psychological research.

You read research that found that first-born children tend to have higher IQs than their siblings.However, you typically earn higher grades than your older brother.Scientists might explain this discrepancy by saying that:

When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose," which section should you read first?

Why is it important to adopt the mindset of a scientific reasoner?

Hannah just finished reading an empirical journal article for a class project.Where should she go if she wants to look for a list of the study's hypotheses or research questions?

Which of the following is a limitation of PsycINFO compared to Google Scholar?

Lana is writing her first empirical journal article.Although she thinks she knows why she found the results she did, she also wants to mention some alternative explanations for her findings.In which section will she mention these alternative explanations?

Angela reads about a study in which cell phone use is associated with migraine headaches.She says, "Well, that study is not valid because I use a cell phone more than anyone I know and I never get migraines." Based on her comment, Angela may be forgetting which of the following?

Which of the following is a limitation of Google Scholar compared to PsycINFO?

If you are interested in reading an overview of peer-reviewed scientific research within a specific area, which of the following reading sources would you choose?

When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose," why should you read the abstract first?

Advice that is based on is most likely to be correct.

Two biases of intuition discussed in the text are:

Psychology Is a Way of Thinking

Three Claims, Four Validities: Interrogation Tools for Consumers of Research

Ethical Guidelines for Psychology Research

Identifying Good Measurement

Surveys and Observations: Describing What People Do

Sampling: Estimating the Frequency of Behaviors and Beliefs

Bivariate Correlational Research

Multivariate Correlational Research

Introduction to Simple Experiments

More on Experiments: Confounding and Obscuring Variables

Experiments With More Than One Independent Variable

Quasi-Experiments and Small-N Designs

Replicability, Generalization, and the Real World

Filters

Exam 2: Sources of Information: Why Research Is Best and How to Find IT

Looking for which of the following in a trade book will give you a hint as to its scientific rigor?

In which of the following scenarios should you be skeptical of an authority?

Which of the following is the first section of an empirical journal article?

Which of the following is a benefit of using a wiki to review psychological research?

Provide at least three reasons that explain why a wiki is a less-than-ideal source for psychological research.

You read research that found that first-born children tend to have higher IQs than their siblings.However, you typically earn higher grades than your older brother.Scientists might explain this discrepancy by saying that:

When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose," which section should you read first?

Why is it important to adopt the mindset of a scientific reasoner?

Hannah just finished reading an empirical journal article for a class project.Where should she go if she wants to look for a list of the study's hypotheses or research questions?

Which of the following is a limitation of PsycINFO compared to Google Scholar?

Lana is writing her first empirical journal article.Although she thinks she knows why she found the results she did, she also wants to mention some alternative explanations for her findings.In which section will she mention these alternative explanations?

Angela reads about a study in which cell phone use is associated with migraine headaches.She says, "Well, that study is not valid because I use a cell phone more than anyone I know and I never get migraines." Based on her comment, Angela may be forgetting which of the following?

Which of the following is a limitation of Google Scholar compared to PsycINFO?

If you are interested in reading an overview of peer-reviewed scientific research within a specific area, which of the following reading sources would you choose?

When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose," why should you read the abstract first?

Advice that is based on is most likely to be correct.

Two biases of intuition discussed in the text are:

Psychology Is a Way of Thinking

Three Claims, Four Validities: Interrogation Tools for Consumers of Research

Ethical Guidelines for Psychology Research

Identifying Good Measurement

Surveys and Observations: Describing What People Do

Sampling: Estimating the Frequency of Behaviors and Beliefs

Bivariate Correlational Research

Multivariate Correlational Research

Introduction to Simple Experiments

More on Experiments: Confounding and Obscuring Variables

Experiments With More Than One Independent Variable

Quasi-Experiments and Small-N Designs

Replicability, Generalization, and the Real World

Filters