Exam 6: Surveys and Observations: Describing What People Do

If a question has response options such as strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree, and strongly disagree, this is known as a(n):

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Question 1

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RESEARCH STUDY 6.2: Dr.Ewell, a developmental psychologist, is planning on conducting a study that involves watching children play together to determine how sharing behavior occurs in same-sex friend pairs compared to opposite-sex friend pairs. Imagine that Dr.Ewell calculates a correlation (e.g., ICC) for his two raters.Which of the following would be the best value for Dr.Ewell to find?

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Question 2

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Explain why each of the following poses problems to a measure's validity: response sets (acquiescence, nay-saying, and fence sitting), socially desirable responding (faking good or faking bad), and inability to report.

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Question 3

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The response sets pose a problem for validity because it is unclear whether the reader really does agree (or disagrees or has no opinion) with each question/statement, meaning that we are unsure whether the data really do represent what they think (we just do not know). Socially desirable responding is a problem because we cannot tell whether a participant is simply trying to look good/bad and being dishonest or if they really do have those opinions/engage in those behaviors. Inability to report is a problem because participants may not realize that they do not know the exact answer (Why did I buy my new car? How many times did I eat lunch last month?) but may respond as if they do know. Instead of providing no data, they provide some data, but we are unsure of the data's accuracy.

Unobtrusive observation is done to counteract which of the following?

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Question 4

Which of the following is true of question wording?

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Question 5

Observer effects occur when participants' behavior changes to match the expectations of observers. An example of this should clearly demonstrate that the behavior change is coming from the participant, such that the participant acts smarter because the researcher treats them in a way that makes them behave that way. DIF: Difficult REF: 6.2 Construct Validity of Behavioral Observations: Some Claims Based on Observational Data: Observations Can Be Better Than Self-Reports OBJ: Learning Objective 6.7 MSC: Understanding -Explain why observational methods are typically seen by most psychologists as ethical.

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Question 6

RESEARCH STUDY 6.2: Dr.Ewell, a developmental psychologist, is planning on conducting a study that involves watching children play together to determine how sharing behavior occurs in same-sex friend pairs compared to opposite-sex friend pairs. Which of the following is Dr.Ewell likely to give his research assistants to prevent observer bias?

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Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a way to deal with reactivity?

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Question 8

Why might question order affect how people respond to a survey or poll?

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Question 9

In which of the following studies is self-report the best data collection option?

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Question 10

Dr.Smith is interested in measuring how adults view sexual behavior in teenagers.She asks the following two questions. i.Is it okay for boys under the age of 18 to be sexually active? ii.Is it okay for girls under the age of 18 to be sexually active? Explain why Dr.Smith should be worried and how she can correct the problem.

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Question 11

A researcher wants to know what people really do, not what they think they do.Which method would you advise him to use?

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Question 12

The construct validity of observations can be threatened by all of the following EXCEPT:

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Question 13

Explain the difference between observer bias and observer effects and give an example of each.

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Question 14

Which of the following is true of behavioral observation?

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Question 15

Which of the following is a good reason a researcher may give for using observational methods as opposed to self-report methods?

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Question 16

Which of the following increases accurate responding?

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Question 17

Which of the following is another term for response sets?

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Question 18

Another word for observer effects is:

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Question 19

Dr.Paul is concerned about a fence-sitting response set when he conducts his survey.Which of the following might you recommend to decrease fence sitting?

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 61

If a question has response options such as strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree, and strongly disagree, this is known as a(n):

Explain why each of the following poses problems to a measure's validity: response sets (acquiescence, nay-saying, and fence sitting), socially desirable responding (faking good or faking bad), and inability to report.

Unobtrusive observation is done to counteract which of the following?

Which of the following is true of question wording?

Which of the following is NOT a way to deal with reactivity?

Why might question order affect how people respond to a survey or poll?

In which of the following studies is self-report the best data collection option?

A researcher wants to know what people really do, not what they think they do.Which method would you advise him to use?

The construct validity of observations can be threatened by all of the following EXCEPT:

Explain the difference between observer bias and observer effects and give an example of each.

Which of the following is true of behavioral observation?

Which of the following is a good reason a researcher may give for using observational methods as opposed to self-report methods?

Which of the following increases accurate responding?

Which of the following is another term for response sets?

Another word for observer effects is:

Dr.Paul is concerned about a fence-sitting response set when he conducts his survey.Which of the following might you recommend to decrease fence sitting?

Psychology Is a Way of Thinking

Sources of Information: Why Research Is Best and How to Find IT

Three Claims, Four Validities: Interrogation Tools for Consumers of Research

Ethical Guidelines for Psychology Research

Identifying Good Measurement

Sampling: Estimating the Frequency of Behaviors and Beliefs

Bivariate Correlational Research

Multivariate Correlational Research

Introduction to Simple Experiments

More on Experiments: Confounding and Obscuring Variables

Experiments With More Than One Independent Variable

Quasi-Experiments and Small-N Designs

Replicability, Generalization, and the Real World

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