Exam 4: How Do Neurons Use Electrical Signals to Transmit Information 

What processes are involved in initiating an action potential?

A brief hyperpolarization of the neuronal membrane that makes it less likely that the neuron will fire an action potential is called:

The magnitude of an action potential (AP) is measured near the axon hillock using an electrode and then measured again 2 mm farther down the axon. Compared to the AP measured near the axon hillock, the AP 2 mm farther down the axon is:

The difference in charge between two regions is referred to as:

_____ channels are more sensitive than _____ channels, so they open first during the action potential.

Stretch-activated channels are typically found on the dendrites of:

To measure the voltage across the cell membrane, you would normally:

Differentiate between absolutely and relatively refractory periods.

The domino effect best describes the:

Recording from single neurons was made possible by the invention of:

Resting potential is a store of potential _____ produced by a greater _____ charge on the intracellular side relative to the extracellular side.

Electricity is a flow of electrons from a body that contains a higher charge (more electrons) to a body that has a lower charge (fewer electrons). The body containing the higher electrical charge is called a:

Motor neurons send nerve impulses to _____ on muscle cells.

Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are associated with:

Microelectrodes can:

The propagation of the nerve impulse is:

EPSPs are associated with _____, whereas IPSPs are associated with _____.

Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) are recorded:

Which of the following is NOT one of the important reasons for refractory periods in neurons?

_____ combines genetics and light to control targeted cells in living tissue.