Question 1

Which one of the following stages of mitosis is shown in the figure above, and which stage comes next?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase, telophase 
B)  telophase, anaphase 
C)  prophase, anaphase 
D)  metaphase, anaphase 
E)  metaphase, telophase 
A)  anaphase, telophase 
B)  telophase, anaphase 
C)  prophase, anaphase 
D)  metaphase, anaphase 
E)  metaphase, telophase A

Question 2

Match each stage of the mitotic phase to its description.
-chromosomes are lined up along the "equator" in the center of the cell

Accepted Answer

A) prophase 
B) metaphase 
C) telophase 
D) cytokinesis 
E) anaphase 
A) prophase 
B) metaphase 
C) telophase 
D) cytokinesis 
E) anaphase B

Question 3

Which one of the following statements CORRECTLY compares the effects of a mutation in a gamete to the effects of a mutation in a somatic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Somatic cell mutations always cause cancer, whereas gamete mutations do not. 
B)  Gamete mutations are passed to the next generation, whereas somatic cell mutations are not. 
C)  Gamete mutations are typically deadly, whereas somatic cell mutations are not. 
D)  Somatic cell mutations are typically deadly, whereas gamete mutations are not. 
E)  Mutations in both types of cells usually result in cancer. 
A)  Somatic cell mutations always cause cancer, whereas gamete mutations do not. 
B)  Gamete mutations are passed to the next generation, whereas somatic cell mutations are not. 
C)  Gamete mutations are typically deadly, whereas somatic cell mutations are not. 
D)  Somatic cell mutations are typically deadly, whereas gamete mutations are not. 
E)  Mutations in both types of cells usually result in cancer. B

Question 4

Following replication of chromosomes, sister chromatids are held together by a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Following replication of chromosomes, sister chromatids are...

Question 5

Determine whether each of the following events is characteristic of mitosis, meiosis, or both. Answers may be used more than once.
-preceded by replication of chromosomes during interphase
A) mitosis
B) mitosis and meiosis
C) meiosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Determine whether each of the following events...

Question 6

The study of how gene expression is altered by factors in the cell's environment rather than the DNA sequence of the gene itself is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The study of how gene expression is...

Question 7

Match each stage of the mitotic phase to its description.
-chromosomes become visible; centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell; mitotic spindle forms

Accepted Answer

A) prophase 
B) metaphase 
C) telophase 
D) cytokinesis 
E) anaphase 
A) prophase 
B) metaphase 
C) telophase 
D) cytokinesis 
E) anaphase

Question 8

________ is the process by which the DNA code of a single gene is converted into a complimentary strand of mRNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the process by which the...

Question 9

Most nonlethal mutations in somatic cells are passed along to the next generation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

During which one of the following phases of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  G2 phase 
B)  telophase 
C)  metaphase 
D)  S phase 
E)  G1 of interphase 
A)  G2 phase 
B)  telophase 
C)  metaphase 
D)  S phase 
E)  G1 of interphase

Question 11

A short segment of DNA that contains the code or blueprint for one or more proteins is called a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

During DNA replication, complementary nucleotides are added to the separated strands of the original DNA by enzymes. Which one of the following bases would a nucleotide contain if it were paired to a nucleotide containing thymine?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine 
B)  uracil 
C)  another thymine 
D)  cytosine 
E)  guanine 
A)  adenine 
B)  uracil 
C)  another thymine 
D)  cytosine 
E)  guanine

Question 13

Chromosomes first become visible as two sister chromatids held together at the centromere during which one of the following phases?

Accepted Answer

A)  G1 
B)  metaphase 
C)  S 
D)  prophase 
E)  anaphase 
A)  G1 
B)  metaphase 
C)  S 
D)  prophase 
E)  anaphase

Question 14

Match the following types of RNA to their description. Answers may be used more than once.
-transports amino acids to the ribosome

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) rRNA 
C) tRNA 
A) mRNA 
B) rRNA 
C) tRNA

Question 15

Determine whether each of the following events is characteristic of mitosis, meiosis, or both. Answers may be used more than once.
-step where duplicate DNA molecules are being pulled in opposite directions by equal forces, but centromeres are attached preventing separation
A) 
B) 
C) 
D)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Determine whether each of the following events...

Question 16

During transcription, a portion of a cell's DNA is converted to a complimentary strand of mRNA. The mRNA is eventually used as the blueprint for making one or more proteins, but not immediately. A short lag time is necessary between transcription and the initiation of translation. Why?

Accepted Answer

Transcription actually produces a primar

Question 17

Determine whether each of the following events is characteristic of mitosis, meiosis, or both. Answers may be used more than once.
-results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells
A) mitosis
B) mitosis and meiosis
C) meiosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Determine whether each of the following events...

Question 18

Cell differentiation of a pre-embryo begins

Accepted Answer

A)  immediately upon the first division of the fertilized egg. 
B)  after the 32-cell stage. 
C)  after the 4-cell stage. 
D)  after the 8-cell stage. 
E)  after the 2-cell stage. 
A)  immediately upon the first division of the fertilized egg. 
B)  after the 32-cell stage. 
C)  after the 4-cell stage. 
D)  after the 8-cell stage. 
E)  after the 2-cell stage.

Question 19

Mutations in human DNA rarely impair normal cell function because

Accepted Answer

A)  repair of DNA prevents all mutations from ever causing damage to a cell. 
B)  damaged cells commit "suicide" to prevent damage to the body. 
C)  cells have one major repair enzyme that corrects the mutations quickly. 
D)  multiple DNA repair enzymes usually quickly correct the mutations before any damage can occur. 
E)  the cells attack dysfunctional gene products, averting damage to the cell. 
A)  repair of DNA prevents all mutations from ever causing damage to a cell. 
B)  damaged cells commit "suicide" to prevent damage to the body. 
C)  cells have one major repair enzyme that corrects the mutations quickly. 
D)  multiple DNA repair enzymes usually quickly correct the mutations before any damage can occur. 
E)  the cells attack dysfunctional gene products, averting damage to the cell.

Question 20

The development of induced pluripotent stem cells would make possible therapeutic cloning without the use of embryos.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

Which one of the following stages of mitosis is shown in the figure above, and which stage comes next?

Match each stage of the mitotic phase to its description. -chromosomes are lined up along the "equator" in the center of the cell

Which one of the following statements CORRECTLY compares the effects of a mutation in a gamete to the effects of a mutation in a somatic cell?

Following replication of chromosomes, sister chromatids are held together by a(n) ________.

Determine whether each of the following events is characteristic of mitosis, meiosis, or both. Answers may be used more than once. -preceded by replication of chromosomes during interphase A) mitosis B) mitosis and meiosis C) meiosis

The study of how gene expression is altered by factors in the cell's environment rather than the DNA sequence of the gene itself is called ________.

Match each stage of the mitotic phase to its description. -chromosomes become visible; centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell; mitotic spindle forms

________ is the process by which the DNA code of a single gene is converted into a complimentary strand of mRNA.

Most nonlethal mutations in somatic cells are passed along to the next generation.

During which one of the following phases of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

A short segment of DNA that contains the code or blueprint for one or more proteins is called a gene.

During DNA replication, complementary nucleotides are added to the separated strands of the original DNA by enzymes. Which one of the following bases would a nucleotide contain if it were paired to a nucleotide containing thymine?

Chromosomes first become visible as two sister chromatids held together at the centromere during which one of the following phases?

Match the following types of RNA to their description. Answers may be used more than once. -transports amino acids to the ribosome

Determine whether each of the following events is characteristic of mitosis, meiosis, or both. Answers may be used more than once. -step where duplicate DNA molecules are being pulled in opposite directions by equal forces, but centromeres are attached preventing separation A) B) C) D)

During transcription, a portion of a cell's DNA is converted to a complimentary strand of mRNA. The mRNA is eventually used as the blueprint for making one or more proteins, but not immediately. A short lag time is necessary between transcription and the initiation of translation. Why?

Determine whether each of the following events is characteristic of mitosis, meiosis, or both. Answers may be used more than once. -results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells A) mitosis B) mitosis and meiosis C) meiosis

Cell differentiation of a pre-embryo begins

Mutations in human DNA rarely impair normal cell function because

The development of induced pluripotent stem cells would make possible therapeutic cloning without the use of embryos.

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Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Division and Differentiation

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