Exam 9: The Immune System and Mechanisms of Defense

Antibiotics are most likely to be effective in the treatment of infections caused by

Which one type of cells is responsible for producing and releasing antibodies?

Which immune system cell must be presented with antigen by an antigen-presenting cell such as a macrophage, in order to become appropriately activated?

Following transplant surgery, a patient is given ________ drugs that block the action of the immune response against the transplanted organ.

Referring to the figure above, the progression from Phase II HIV infection to Phase III is marked by

Once a macrophage engulfs a bacterium, what happens to the foreign cell? A) It is released into the lymph system for removal from the body. B) It is released into the digestive tract for removal from the body. C) The macrophage is attacked by antibodies, killing the cell and bacterium. D) Antibodies penetrate the macrophage to lyse the bacterial cell. E) The bacterium is killed by digestive enzymes released from lysosomes.

The human body uses three lines of defense to protect against pathogens. Match each of the following categories of defense to the type of cell or mechanism involved in the defense. Answers may be used more than once. -acidic pH of skin

During a bacterial infection, the human body usually responds by having an elevated body temperature or a fever. Most over-the-counter cold medications indicate that they contain a fever suppressant. Explain why this is not always good for the treatment of a cold or infection.

Bacterial pathogens cause symptoms of a disease by invading host cells or by producing toxins that damage host cells.

Drugs that kill or inhibit bacteria are known as ________.

The human body uses three lines of defense to protect against pathogens. Match each of the following categories of defense to the type of cell or mechanism involved in the defense. Answers may be used more than once. -inflammation

The human body uses three lines of defense to protect against pathogens. Match each of the following categories of defense to the type of cell or mechanism involved in the defense. Answers may be used more than once. -cytotoxic T cells

One role of MHC proteins is that they serve as self markers to the human immune system.

Plasma cells and memory cells are types of ________ lymphocytes; both types of cells secrete proteins called ________ as part of the immune response.

A life-threatening allergic reaction (difficulty in breathing, fall in blood pressure, severe stomach cramps) is known as ________.

Individuals infected with HIV produce antibodies, but these antibodies do not prevent progression to Phase II and Phase III of infection.

Antibodies are classified by size, location, and function, and which one of the following represents the most common type of immunoglobulin?

The release of chemicals from injured cells triggers histamine release from

The thymus gland, which is responsible for the development of T cells, stops growing during adolescence and shrinks as one grows into adulthood.

While T lymphocytes are maturing, each of them develops one of two sets of proteins on their cell surface. These proteins are known as ________ and ________.