Question 1

Renin stimulates the secretion of aldosterone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Minerals that crystallize in the renal pelvis are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  kidney stones. 
B)  pelvic crystals. 
C)  otoliths. 
D)  osteocytes. 
E)  renal deposits. 
A)  kidney stones. 
B)  pelvic crystals. 
C)  otoliths. 
D)  osteocytes. 
E)  renal deposits. A

Question 3

Water and nutrients that have been filtered from the glomerular filtrate are returned to circulation as they enter the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal artery. 
B)  vasa recta. 
C)  efferent arteriole. 
D)  peritubular capillaries. 
E)  vasa recta and peritubular capillaries. 
A)  renal artery. 
B)  vasa recta. 
C)  efferent arteriole. 
D)  peritubular capillaries. 
E)  vasa recta and peritubular capillaries. E

Question 4

Using the letter choices on the figure above, identify the organs of the urinary system.
-stores urine until it is excreted out of the body

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Using the letter choices on...

Question 5

Three organs in the human body are involved in the production of vitamin D; they are the ________, ________, and ________.

Accepted Answer

skin; liver; kidneys

Question 6

The outer portion of the kidneys is the ________, whereas the inner portion is the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The outer portion of the kidneys is...

Question 7

The hormone ADH

Accepted Answer

A)  causes the kidneys to produce dilute urine. 
B)  is secreted by the kidneys. 
C)  causes the cells of the collecting duct to be more permeable to water. 
D)  causes the kidneys to produce a high volume of urine. 
E)  is usually secreted when the body is completely hydrated. 
A)  causes the kidneys to produce dilute urine. 
B)  is secreted by the kidneys. 
C)  causes the cells of the collecting duct to be more permeable to water. 
D)  causes the kidneys to produce a high volume of urine. 
E)  is usually secreted when the body is completely hydrated.

Question 8

Chloride ions passively follow sodium that has been actively transported out of tubular cells, due to the attraction of negatively charged ions to positively charged ions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Using the letter choices on the figure above, identify the organs of the urinary system.
-location of nephrons, which filter blood to remove wastes and retain essential solutes

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Using the letter choices on...

Question 10

Osmotic concentration in the descending limb of the loop of Henle increases as water moves out.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Using the figure above, identify in which one of the following locations a nephron would be found.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  B and C
Answer: E
Topic: Sec. 15.3
Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 15.3a
GLO: G1
-As urine moves through a nephron, it is modified by ions, water, and other materials either being secreted into the fluid or by efflux of substances out of the urine. However, such modifications do not occur in which one of the following regions of the nephron? 
A)  loop of Henle 
B)  collecting duct 
C)  Bowman's capsule 
D)  proximal tubule 
E)  distal tubule 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  B and C
Answer: E
Topic: Sec. 15.3
Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 15.3a
GLO: G1
-As urine moves through a nephron, it is modified by ions, water, and other materials either being secreted into the fluid or by efflux of substances out of the urine. However, such modifications do not occur in which one of the following regions of the nephron? 
A)  loop of Henle 
B)  collecting duct 
C)  Bowman's capsule 
D)  proximal tubule 
E)  distal tubule

Question 12

Chloride ions move by ________, following the transport of sodium out of the proximal tubule.

Accepted Answer

passive di

Question 13

Using the figure above, identify in which one of the following locations a nephron would be found.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  B and C
Answer: E
Topic: Sec. 15.3
Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 15.3a
GLO: G1
-Consider a red blood cell traveling in the renal artery. It passes through several different functional vessels before entering the renal vein. Consider the vessels listed below. Which one of the following answers lists the CORRECT order in which the red blood cell passes through these vessels? 1. peritubular capillaries
2) efferent arteriole
3) afferent arteriole
4) glomerulus
5) renal vein 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
B)  3, 4, 2, 1, 5 
C)  3, 2, 4, 1, 5 
D)  2, 1, 3, 4, 5 
E)  4, 3, 2, 1, 5 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  B and C
Answer: E
Topic: Sec. 15.3
Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 15.3a
GLO: G1
-Consider a red blood cell traveling in the renal artery. It passes through several different functional vessels before entering the renal vein. Consider the vessels listed below. Which one of the following answers lists the CORRECT order in which the red blood cell passes through these vessels? 1. peritubular capillaries
2) efferent arteriole
3) afferent arteriole
4) glomerulus
5) renal vein 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
B)  3, 4, 2, 1, 5 
C)  3, 2, 4, 1, 5 
D)  2, 1, 3, 4, 5 
E)  4, 3, 2, 1, 5

Question 14

Using the letter choices on the figure above, identify the organs of the urinary system.
-muscular tube that passes urine out of the body

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Using the letter choices on...

Question 15

The steroid hormone ________ regulates the reabsorption of sodium across the collecting duct and distal tubule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The steroid hormone ________ regulates the reabsorption...

Question 16

Aldosterone is secreted in response to changes in

Accepted Answer

A)  blood pressure. 
B)  blood calcium levels. 
C)  body temperature. 
D)  blood potassium levels. 
E)  blood glucose levels. 
A)  blood pressure. 
B)  blood calcium levels. 
C)  body temperature. 
D)  blood potassium levels. 
E)  blood glucose levels.

Question 17

Which of the following groupings of organs is responsible for the maintenance of water balance in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  liver, kidneys, hypothalamus 
B)  heart, liver, posterior pituitary 
C)  posterior pituitary, hypothalamus, kidneys 
D)  kidneys, hypothalamus, liver 
E)  posterior pituitary, bone marrow, kidneys 
A)  liver, kidneys, hypothalamus 
B)  heart, liver, posterior pituitary 
C)  posterior pituitary, hypothalamus, kidneys 
D)  kidneys, hypothalamus, liver 
E)  posterior pituitary, bone marrow, kidneys

Question 18

During times of stress, the autonomic nervous system causes the afferent and efferent arterioles to constrict, resulting in an increase in the amount of urine produced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Each kidney is made up of a million ________, the functional units of a kidney.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each kidney is made up of a...

Question 20

The kidneys function to maintain homeostasis in all of the following ways EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  regulating blood volume 
B)  controlling salt balance in body fluids 
C)  exchanging blood gases 
D)  regulating blood pressure 
E)  regulating vitamin D 
A)  regulating blood volume 
B)  controlling salt balance in body fluids 
C)  exchanging blood gases 
D)  regulating blood pressure 
E)  regulating vitamin D

Exam 15: The Urinary System

Renin stimulates the secretion of aldosterone.

Minerals that crystallize in the renal pelvis are referred to as

Water and nutrients that have been filtered from the glomerular filtrate are returned to circulation as they enter the

Using the letter choices on the figure above, identify the organs of the urinary system. -stores urine until it is excreted out of the body

Three organs in the human body are involved in the production of vitamin D; they are the ________, ________, and ________.

The outer portion of the kidneys is the ________, whereas the inner portion is the ________.

The hormone ADH

Chloride ions passively follow sodium that has been actively transported out of tubular cells, due to the attraction of negatively charged ions to positively charged ions.

Using the letter choices on the figure above, identify the organs of the urinary system. -location of nephrons, which filter blood to remove wastes and retain essential solutes

Osmotic concentration in the descending limb of the loop of Henle increases as water moves out.

Chloride ions move by ________, following the transport of sodium out of the proximal tubule.

Using the letter choices on the figure above, identify the organs of the urinary system. -muscular tube that passes urine out of the body

The steroid hormone ________ regulates the reabsorption of sodium across the collecting duct and distal tubule.

Aldosterone is secreted in response to changes in

Which of the following groupings of organs is responsible for the maintenance of water balance in the body?

During times of stress, the autonomic nervous system causes the afferent and efferent arterioles to constrict, resulting in an increase in the amount of urine produced.

Each kidney is made up of a million ________, the functional units of a kidney.

The kidneys function to maintain homeostasis in all of the following ways EXCEPT which one?

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Three organs in the human body are involved in the production of vitamin D; they are the , , and .

The outer portion of the kidneys is the , whereas the inner portion is the .