Question 1

Traditionally,police work involved controlling crime.Increasingly,however,police officers are:

Accepted Answer

A)  deviants, committing rather than preventing crime 
B)  corrections officers, herding criminals to prison 
C)  knowledge workers, mapping and predicting risk within the population 
D)  safety patrollers, guarding the health and welfare of citizens 
E)  traffic directors because of increased volume of cars on the roads during rush hour 
A)  deviants, committing rather than preventing crime 
B)  corrections officers, herding criminals to prison 
C)  knowledge workers, mapping and predicting risk within the population 
D)  safety patrollers, guarding the health and welfare of citizens 
E)  traffic directors because of increased volume of cars on the roads during rush hour

Question 2

The term "prison-industrial complex" has been used by critics to describe the current American prison system.This refers to the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A)  recent crackdowns on corporate crime have increased the proportion of inmates who are corporate executives 
B)  prisons increasingly employ inmates in factory work (e.g., constructing furniture or imprinting license plates) 
C)  large numbers of people have vested economic and political interests in the expansion of the prison system 
D)  jails and prisons have instituted costly job training programs for inmates to enter industrial jobs upon release 
E)  high rates of incarceration of persons of a lower class have led to a decrease in the industrial labor force 
A)  recent crackdowns on corporate crime have increased the proportion of inmates who are corporate executives 
B)  prisons increasingly employ inmates in factory work (e.g., constructing furniture or imprinting license plates) 
C)  large numbers of people have vested economic and political interests in the expansion of the prison system 
D)  jails and prisons have instituted costly job training programs for inmates to enter industrial jobs upon release 
E)  high rates of incarceration of persons of a lower class have led to a decrease in the industrial labor force

Question 3

Could shaming be used to successfully reduce crime in the United States? Which type of shaming would be most useful and why? Use concrete examples of shaming in American society to illustrate your answer.

Accepted Answer

Anwers may vary.Should include

Question 4

Sanctions applied by peer groups for actions such as making fun of someone's clothes are:

Accepted Answer

A)  deviant 
B)  formal 
C)  informal 
D)  internal 
E)  positive 
A)  deviant 
B)  formal 
C)  informal 
D)  internal 
E)  positive

Question 5

Which of the following explanations for NOT cheating on this exam is supported by control theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  None of your friends cheat, so you never really learned how to cheat. 
B)  You always receive an A on exams, so you have no reason to cheat. 
C)  You have been genetically programmed not to cheat. 
D)  You know that cheating is morally wrong. 
E)  You sit in the front of the class and are afraid of getting caught. 
A)  None of your friends cheat, so you never really learned how to cheat. 
B)  You always receive an A on exams, so you have no reason to cheat. 
C)  You have been genetically programmed not to cheat. 
D)  You know that cheating is morally wrong. 
E)  You sit in the front of the class and are afraid of getting caught.

Question 6

Sexual minorities experience a high incidence of violent crime and harassment and are often perceived as deserving crime rather than being "innocent" victims.This is because:

Accepted Answer

A)  crimes toward gays and lesbians don't qualify as "hate crimes" and so carry less severe punishments 
B)  gay and lesbian couples who display their sexuality are seen under the law as asking for trouble 
C)  gay and lesbian relationships are seen as belonging to the private realm, and some people believe people should not display their homosexual identities in public 
D)  "homosexual panic" is often used successfully as a legal defense 
E)  in the past, the law has done little to recognize crimes against sexual minorities; thus, they are victimized without penalty 
A)  crimes toward gays and lesbians don't qualify as "hate crimes" and so carry less severe punishments 
B)  gay and lesbian couples who display their sexuality are seen under the law as asking for trouble 
C)  gay and lesbian relationships are seen as belonging to the private realm, and some people believe people should not display their homosexual identities in public 
D)  "homosexual panic" is often used successfully as a legal defense 
E)  in the past, the law has done little to recognize crimes against sexual minorities; thus, they are victimized without penalty

Question 7

According to Émile Durkheim,crime and deviance are unnecessary and preventable aspects of society resulting from modernization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Crime carried out by more affluent individuals is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  white-collar crime 
B)  status crime 
C)  organized crime 
D)  criminal networks 
E)  corporate crime 
A)  white-collar crime 
B)  status crime 
C)  organized crime 
D)  criminal networks 
E)  corporate crime

Question 9

functionalist theories of crime focus on deviance as socially constructed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Reintegrative shaming in the United States cannot work because the country is too individualistic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Principles or rules that people in a society are expected to observe are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  sanctions 
B)  norms 
C)  deviance 
D)  crimes 
E)  controls 
A)  sanctions 
B)  norms 
C)  deviance 
D)  crimes 
E)  controls

Question 12

At the Democratic and Republican National Conventions of 2004,police restricted demonstrators to a specific location.In this way,authorities believed they could minimize any law violations.This tactic is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  censorship 
B)  community policing 
C)  institutionalized discrimination 
D)  shaming as punishment 
E)  situational crime prevention 
A)  censorship 
B)  community policing 
C)  institutionalized discrimination 
D)  shaming as punishment 
E)  situational crime prevention

Question 13

How does Robert K.Merton explain crime? How would he explain the crimes of Bernard Madoff? How would Merton explain the crimes committed in the inner city?

Accepted Answer

Anwers may vary.Should include

Question 14

The type of theorist who might argue that even the definition of crime is class biased,for example,that the crimes listed in the Uniform Crime Reports are crimes disproportionately committed by members of the lower class in the United States,is

Accepted Answer

A)  labeling 
B)  interactionist 
C)  functionalist 
D)  control 
E)  conflict 
A)  labeling 
B)  interactionist 
C)  functionalist 
D)  control 
E)  conflict

Question 15

A common criticism of labeling theory is that labeling theorists:

Accepted Answer

A)  argue incorrectly that people are constantly being labeled 
B)  do not account for social differences 
C)  ignore the effect of genetics 
D)  insist on explaining all of deviance as labeling 
E)  neglect the processes that lead to acts being defined as deviant 
A)  argue incorrectly that people are constantly being labeled 
B)  do not account for social differences 
C)  ignore the effect of genetics 
D)  insist on explaining all of deviance as labeling 
E)  neglect the processes that lead to acts being defined as deviant

Question 16

Official crime statistics published by the government are based on information obtained from:

Accepted Answer

A)  arrest records 
B)  eyewitness accounts 
C)  newspaper articles 
D)  police reports 
E)  surveys of victims 
A)  arrest records 
B)  eyewitness accounts 
C)  newspaper articles 
D)  police reports 
E)  surveys of victims

Question 17

Putting locks on mailboxes is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  anomie 
B)  community policing 
C)  labeling 
D)  deviance 
E)  target hardening 
A)  anomie 
B)  community policing 
C)  labeling 
D)  deviance 
E)  target hardening

Question 18

Which of the following most accurately describes the number of people in U.S.prisons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because of the excellent job the prisons are doing in rehabilitating inmates, the number of people incarcerated in the United States continues to decline. 
B)  Because many activities have been decriminalized, the number of people incarcerated in U.S. prisons is at an all-time low. 
C)  The ethnicity of state prisoners resembles the proportion of citizens in that state. 
D)  The United States has the highest incarceration rate per capita in the world. 
E)  The United States has more people in prison than other countries, but it has a larger population than other countries. 
A)  Because of the excellent job the prisons are doing in rehabilitating inmates, the number of people incarcerated in the United States continues to decline. 
B)  Because many activities have been decriminalized, the number of people incarcerated in U.S. prisons is at an all-time low. 
C)  The ethnicity of state prisoners resembles the proportion of citizens in that state. 
D)  The United States has the highest incarceration rate per capita in the world. 
E)  The United States has more people in prison than other countries, but it has a larger population than other countries.

Question 19

Nonconformity to a set of norms accepted by a significant number of people in a community is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  sanction 
B)  labeling 
C)  devious 
D)  deviance 
E)  anomie 
A)  sanction 
B)  labeling 
C)  devious 
D)  deviance 
E)  anomie

Question 20

The amount of money involved in crimes against property (robberies,burglaries,larceny,forgeries,and car thefts)is much higher than the amount involved in white-collar crimes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Traditionally,police work involved controlling crime.Increasingly,however,police officers are:

The term "prison-industrial complex" has been used by critics to describe the current American prison system.This refers to the fact that:

Could shaming be used to successfully reduce crime in the United States? Which type of shaming would be most useful and why? Use concrete examples of shaming in American society to illustrate your answer.

Sanctions applied by peer groups for actions such as making fun of someone's clothes are:

Which of the following explanations for NOT cheating on this exam is supported by control theory?

Sexual minorities experience a high incidence of violent crime and harassment and are often perceived as deserving crime rather than being "innocent" victims.This is because:

According to Émile Durkheim,crime and deviance are unnecessary and preventable aspects of society resulting from modernization.

Crime carried out by more affluent individuals is called:

functionalist theories of crime focus on deviance as socially constructed.

Reintegrative shaming in the United States cannot work because the country is too individualistic.

Principles or rules that people in a society are expected to observe are referred to as:

At the Democratic and Republican National Conventions of 2004,police restricted demonstrators to a specific location.In this way,authorities believed they could minimize any law violations.This tactic is referred to as:

How does Robert K.Merton explain crime? How would he explain the crimes of Bernard Madoff? How would Merton explain the crimes committed in the inner city?

The type of theorist who might argue that even the definition of crime is class biased,for example,that the crimes listed in the Uniform Crime Reports are crimes disproportionately committed by members of the lower class in the United States,is

A common criticism of labeling theory is that labeling theorists:

Official crime statistics published by the government are based on information obtained from:

Putting locks on mailboxes is an example of:

Which of the following most accurately describes the number of people in U.S.prisons?

Nonconformity to a set of norms accepted by a significant number of people in a community is called:

The amount of money involved in crimes against property (robberies,burglaries,larceny,forgeries,and car thefts)is much higher than the amount involved in white-collar crimes.

What Is Sociology?

Asking And Answering Sociological Questions

Culture And Society

Socialization And The Life Cycle

Social Interaction And Everyday Life In The Age Of The Internet

Groups, networks, and Organizations

Stratification, class, and Inequality

Global Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity And Race

Aging

Government, political Power, and Social Movements

Work And Economic Life

Families and Intimate Relations

Education

Religion In Modern Society

The Sociology Of The Body: Health,illness,and Sexuality

Urbanization, population, and The Environment

Globalization In A Changing World

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Exam 7: Conformity, deviance, and Crime

Traditionally,police work involved controlling crime.Increasingly,however,police officers are:

The term "prison-industrial complex" has been used by critics to describe the current American prison system.This refers to the fact that:

Could shaming be used to successfully reduce crime in the United States? Which type of shaming would be most useful and why? Use concrete examples of shaming in American society to illustrate your answer.

Sanctions applied by peer groups for actions such as making fun of someone's clothes are:

Which of the following explanations for NOT cheating on this exam is supported by control theory?

Sexual minorities experience a high incidence of violent crime and harassment and are often perceived as deserving crime rather than being "innocent" victims.This is because:

According to Émile Durkheim,crime and deviance are unnecessary and preventable aspects of society resulting from modernization.

Crime carried out by more affluent individuals is called:

functionalist theories of crime focus on deviance as socially constructed.

Reintegrative shaming in the United States cannot work because the country is too individualistic.

Principles or rules that people in a society are expected to observe are referred to as:

At the Democratic and Republican National Conventions of 2004,police restricted demonstrators to a specific location.In this way,authorities believed they could minimize any law violations.This tactic is referred to as:

How does Robert K.Merton explain crime? How would he explain the crimes of Bernard Madoff? How would Merton explain the crimes committed in the inner city?

The type of theorist who might argue that even the definition of crime is class biased,for example,that the crimes listed in the Uniform Crime Reports are crimes disproportionately committed by members of the lower class in the United States,is

A common criticism of labeling theory is that labeling theorists:

Official crime statistics published by the government are based on information obtained from:

Putting locks on mailboxes is an example of:

Which of the following most accurately describes the number of people in U.S.prisons?

Nonconformity to a set of norms accepted by a significant number of people in a community is called:

The amount of money involved in crimes against property (robberies,burglaries,larceny,forgeries,and car thefts)is much higher than the amount involved in white-collar crimes.

What Is Sociology?

Asking And Answering Sociological Questions

Culture And Society

Socialization And The Life Cycle

Social Interaction And Everyday Life In The Age Of The Internet

Groups, networks, and Organizations

Stratification, class, and Inequality

Global Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity And Race

Aging

Government, political Power, and Social Movements

Work And Economic Life

Families and Intimate Relations

Education

Religion In Modern Society

The Sociology Of The Body: Health,illness,and Sexuality

Urbanization, population, and The Environment

Globalization In A Changing World

Filters