Question 1

Compare and contrast the Alfred Kinsey (1948,1953)study with the Edward Laumann (1994)study.

Accepted Answer

The Alfred Kinsey study, conducted in 1948 and 1953, was one of the first major studies on human sexuality in the United States. Kinsey and his team collected data through interviews and surveys, and their findings were groundbreaking at the time, challenging many societal norms and assumptions about sexual behavior. The study revealed a wide range of sexual behaviors and preferences, and it highlighted the diversity of human sexuality.

On the other hand, the Edward Laumann study, conducted in 1994, focused on sexual behavior and attitudes in the United States. This study also used surveys and interviews to gather data, but it was conducted nearly 50 years after the Kinsey study. The Laumann study aimed to provide updated and more comprehensive information about sexual behavior and attitudes in the US, taking into account changes in society and culture over the years.

In comparing the two studies, it is important to note that the Kinsey study was groundbreaking in its time and provided valuable insights into human sexuality, while the Laumann study built upon this foundation and provided more updated and comprehensive information. Both studies contributed significantly to our understanding of human sexuality and have had a lasting impact on the field of sex research.

Question 2

An example of the illegitimate sick role is:

Accepted Answer

A)  irritable bowel syndrome 
B)  acne 
C)  common cold 
D)  cancer 
E)  AIDS/HIV 
A)  irritable bowel syndrome 
B)  acne 
C)  common cold 
D)  cancer 
E)  AIDS/HIV E

Question 3

Why is anorexia found predominantly among young women? Why has its incidence been increasing over the past 30 or 40 years? Why is it spreading globally?

Accepted Answer

Anorexia is found predominantly among young women for a variety of reasons. Firstly, societal pressures and expectations regarding beauty and body image often place a significant emphasis on being thin, which can lead to young women feeling the need to control their weight through extreme dieting and restriction. Additionally, hormonal changes during puberty can also contribute to body dissatisfaction and the development of disordered eating behaviors.

The incidence of anorexia has been increasing over the past 30 or 40 years due to a combination of factors. The rise of social media and the internet has led to increased exposure to unrealistic beauty standards and the glorification of extreme thinness, which can contribute to the development of disordered eating behaviors. Additionally, increased stress and pressure in academic and professional environments may also play a role in the rising incidence of anorexia.

Anorexia is spreading globally due to the globalization of media and cultural influences. Western ideals of beauty and thinness are often portrayed as the standard of attractiveness, leading to the spread of disordered eating behaviors in cultures around the world. Additionally, as more countries undergo rapid industrialization and urbanization, there is often a shift towards more sedentary lifestyles and increased access to processed and high-calorie foods, which can contribute to the development of disordered eating patterns.

Overall, the prevalence of anorexia among young women and its increasing incidence over the past few decades can be attributed to a complex interplay of societal, cultural, and environmental factors. Addressing these issues will require a multi-faceted approach that includes promoting body positivity, challenging unrealistic beauty standards, and providing support and resources for individuals struggling with disordered eating behaviors.

Question 4

Of the following,the one that best exemplifies the "double standard" of sexual behavior is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  premarital sexual behavior is tolerated more in urban areas than in rural ones 
B)  most people are more tolerant of male than female promiscuity 
C)  there is one standard of sexual behavior for heterosexuals and another one for gays and lesbians 
D)  most people are more tolerant of sex outside of marriage for divorced people than for never-married people 
E)  Americans have different standards of sexual activity according to a person's social class 
A)  premarital sexual behavior is tolerated more in urban areas than in rural ones 
B)  most people are more tolerant of male than female promiscuity 
C)  there is one standard of sexual behavior for heterosexuals and another one for gays and lesbians 
D)  most people are more tolerant of sex outside of marriage for divorced people than for never-married people 
E)  Americans have different standards of sexual activity according to a person's social class

Question 5

Unlike other human behaviors,sexuality is clearly genetically determined.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Women have longer lives yet poorer health than men.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Of the following,an example of the socialization of nature is:

Accepted Answer

A)  epidemiology 
B)  momophobia 
C)  learning how to garden 
D)  the medicalization of pregnancy and childbirth 
E)  domesticating animals 
A)  epidemiology 
B)  momophobia 
C)  learning how to garden 
D)  the medicalization of pregnancy and childbirth 
E)  domesticating animals

Question 8

Like all roles,the sick role requires the person to accept the role and for others to acknowledge it.Among the following,the most likely granted the sick role is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a cancer patient who teaches elementary school 
B)  an African American with AIDS 
C)  a homeless alcoholic man 
D)  a person who suffers from chronic fatigue 
E)  an overweight man who is diagnosed with adult onset diabetes 
A)  a cancer patient who teaches elementary school 
B)  an African American with AIDS 
C)  a homeless alcoholic man 
D)  a person who suffers from chronic fatigue 
E)  an overweight man who is diagnosed with adult onset diabetes

Question 9

In the National Social Life,Health and Aging Project (NSHAP)study,most older married respondents reported that sexual problems prevented them from sexual activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

According to the National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS):

Accepted Answer

A)  45% of American men reported that they had an orgasm during their last sexual encounter 
B)  45% of American women reported that they had an orgasm during their last sexual encounter 
C)  83% of Americans had one or no sexual partners in the preceding year 
D)  25% of Americans reported that they were gay, lesbian, or bisexual 
E)  50% of married couples had infrequent or no sex 
A)  45% of American men reported that they had an orgasm during their last sexual encounter 
B)  45% of American women reported that they had an orgasm during their last sexual encounter 
C)  83% of Americans had one or no sexual partners in the preceding year 
D)  25% of Americans reported that they were gay, lesbian, or bisexual 
E)  50% of married couples had infrequent or no sex

Question 11

When people have diseases such as cancer,they receive comfort and compassion.People with diseases such as HIV/AIDS are stigmatized because:

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV/AIDS is a more depressing condition 
B)  HIV/AIDS is more fatal than cancer 
C)  HIV/AIDS is curable, but cancer is not 
D)  cancer results in fewer visible signs that the patient is sick in comparison with HIV/AIDS 
E)  there is a sense that the individual might be partially responsible for his or her condition 
A)  HIV/AIDS is a more depressing condition 
B)  HIV/AIDS is more fatal than cancer 
C)  HIV/AIDS is curable, but cancer is not 
D)  cancer results in fewer visible signs that the patient is sick in comparison with HIV/AIDS 
E)  there is a sense that the individual might be partially responsible for his or her condition

Question 12

Why are people increasingly seeking alternative medicine to treat illness? In what ways are they dissatisfied with conventional medicine? Why does conventional medicine NOT seem to have answers for some of these conditions?

Accepted Answer

There are several reasons why people are

Question 13

According to symbolic interactionists,chronically ill people _______________,building or reconstructing their personal narratives to incorporate their illness as part of their lives.

Accepted Answer

A)  adopt the sick role 
B)  do illness work 
C)  do biographical work 
D)  perform health maintenance 
E)  adopt the stigma role 
A)  adopt the sick role 
B)  do illness work 
C)  do biographical work 
D)  perform health maintenance 
E)  adopt the stigma role

Question 14

Studies by Alfred Kinsey (1948,1953)and Edward Laumann (1994)are influential works in understanding sexuality; they also demonstrate that the research process:

Accepted Answer

A)  can be very sensitive and that people often lie when it comes to their sexual habits 
B)  is very convoluted and can easily negate any research findings 
C)  can be as important as the actual research findings 
D)  is direct and concrete with specific steps that should not be altered 
E)  does not need to be considered when examining the findings 
A)  can be very sensitive and that people often lie when it comes to their sexual habits 
B)  is very convoluted and can easily negate any research findings 
C)  can be as important as the actual research findings 
D)  is direct and concrete with specific steps that should not be altered 
E)  does not need to be considered when examining the findings

Question 15

Hundreds of years ago,the highest death rates were among children.By the beginning of the twentieth century,the highest death rates were among the elderly because:

Accepted Answer

A)  child labor laws restricted children's entry into the workplace where many deaths occur 
B)  children were eating healthier diets and there was more emphasis on cleanliness and were therefore less likely to die young 
C)  AIDS was most fatal for young children, but today it is more fatal for elderly people 
D)  the key difference was the introduction of antibiotics that caused a reduction in the child mortality rate 
E)  infanticide dropped dramatically 
A)  child labor laws restricted children's entry into the workplace where many deaths occur 
B)  children were eating healthier diets and there was more emphasis on cleanliness and were therefore less likely to die young 
C)  AIDS was most fatal for young children, but today it is more fatal for elderly people 
D)  the key difference was the introduction of antibiotics that caused a reduction in the child mortality rate 
E)  infanticide dropped dramatically

Question 16

The most significant finding of Lillian Rubin's study of sexuality among Americans in the late 1980s was that:

Accepted Answer

A)  men reported difficulty finding available female sexual partners, leading to widespread male sexual frustration 
B)  women were even less interested in their own sexual satisfaction than they were in Kinsey's 1940 study 
C)  women expect to receive as well as provide sexual satisfaction, leading many men to feel "inadequate" 
D)  attitudes toward sexuality had hardly changed since the time of Kinsey's 1940 study 
E)  women report much higher levels of sexual satisfaction than men 
A)  men reported difficulty finding available female sexual partners, leading to widespread male sexual frustration 
B)  women were even less interested in their own sexual satisfaction than they were in Kinsey's 1940 study 
C)  women expect to receive as well as provide sexual satisfaction, leading many men to feel "inadequate" 
D)  attitudes toward sexuality had hardly changed since the time of Kinsey's 1940 study 
E)  women report much higher levels of sexual satisfaction than men

Question 17

The rise of eating disorders in non-Western societies coincides with the globalization of:

Accepted Answer

A)  technology 
B)  food production 
C)  Western medicine 
D)  the fashion industry 
E)  health care 
A)  technology 
B)  food production 
C)  Western medicine 
D)  the fashion industry 
E)  health care

Question 18

Reproductive technologies could affect family structure because:

Accepted Answer

A)  most women seeking fertility treatment are single and want to have children but to avoid marriage 
B)  they have made it much easier to have children and thus few people are childless in Western societies 
C)  they currently allow parents to select the sex of their babies 
D)  the number of twins and triplets or more has increased exponentially 
E)  unnatural reproductive technologies have increased the number of babies born with debilitating diseases 
A)  most women seeking fertility treatment are single and want to have children but to avoid marriage 
B)  they have made it much easier to have children and thus few people are childless in Western societies 
C)  they currently allow parents to select the sex of their babies 
D)  the number of twins and triplets or more has increased exponentially 
E)  unnatural reproductive technologies have increased the number of babies born with debilitating diseases

Question 19

Epidemiology is the science that studies:

Accepted Answer

A)  the distribution of disease within the organs of the body 
B)  the diseases of the skin 
C)  why certain groups are able to play the sick role 
D)  why certain groups are classified as unconditionally sick 
E)  the distribution and incidence of disease and illness within a population 
A)  the distribution of disease within the organs of the body 
B)  the diseases of the skin 
C)  why certain groups are able to play the sick role 
D)  why certain groups are classified as unconditionally sick 
E)  the distribution and incidence of disease and illness within a population

Question 20

Higher rates of sexual activity among teens are associated with those who have:

Accepted Answer

A)  higher socioeconomic status 
B)  higher school performance 
C)  higher measures of intelligence 
D)  higher levels of "body pride" 
E)  higher levels of religiosity 
A)  higher socioeconomic status 
B)  higher school performance 
C)  higher measures of intelligence 
D)  higher levels of "body pride" 
E)  higher levels of religiosity

Compare and contrast the Alfred Kinsey (1948,1953)study with the Edward Laumann (1994)study.

An example of the illegitimate sick role is:

Why is anorexia found predominantly among young women? Why has its incidence been increasing over the past 30 or 40 years? Why is it spreading globally?

Of the following,the one that best exemplifies the "double standard" of sexual behavior is that:

Unlike other human behaviors,sexuality is clearly genetically determined.

Women have longer lives yet poorer health than men.

Of the following,an example of the socialization of nature is:

Like all roles,the sick role requires the person to accept the role and for others to acknowledge it.Among the following,the most likely granted the sick role is:

In the National Social Life,Health and Aging Project (NSHAP)study,most older married respondents reported that sexual problems prevented them from sexual activity.

According to the National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS):

When people have diseases such as cancer,they receive comfort and compassion.People with diseases such as HIV/AIDS are stigmatized because:

Why are people increasingly seeking alternative medicine to treat illness? In what ways are they dissatisfied with conventional medicine? Why does conventional medicine NOT seem to have answers for some of these conditions?

According to symbolic interactionists,chronically ill people _______________,building or reconstructing their personal narratives to incorporate their illness as part of their lives.

Studies by Alfred Kinsey (1948,1953)and Edward Laumann (1994)are influential works in understanding sexuality; they also demonstrate that the research process:

Hundreds of years ago,the highest death rates were among children.By the beginning of the twentieth century,the highest death rates were among the elderly because:

The most significant finding of Lillian Rubin's study of sexuality among Americans in the late 1980s was that:

The rise of eating disorders in non-Western societies coincides with the globalization of:

Reproductive technologies could affect family structure because:

Epidemiology is the science that studies:

Higher rates of sexual activity among teens are associated with those who have:

What Is Sociology?

Asking And Answering Sociological Questions

Culture And Society

Socialization And The Life Cycle

Social Interaction And Everyday Life In The Age Of The Internet

Groups, networks, and Organizations

Conformity, deviance, and Crime

Stratification, class, and Inequality

Global Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity And Race

Aging

Government, political Power, and Social Movements

Work And Economic Life

Families and Intimate Relations

Education

Religion In Modern Society

Urbanization, population, and The Environment

Globalization In A Changing World

Filters

Exam 18: The Sociology Of The Body: Health,illness,and Sexuality

Compare and contrast the Alfred Kinsey (1948,1953)study with the Edward Laumann (1994)study.

An example of the illegitimate sick role is:

Why is anorexia found predominantly among young women? Why has its incidence been increasing over the past 30 or 40 years? Why is it spreading globally?

Of the following,the one that best exemplifies the "double standard" of sexual behavior is that:

Unlike other human behaviors,sexuality is clearly genetically determined.

Women have longer lives yet poorer health than men.

Of the following,an example of the socialization of nature is:

Like all roles,the sick role requires the person to accept the role and for others to acknowledge it.Among the following,the most likely granted the sick role is:

In the National Social Life,Health and Aging Project (NSHAP)study,most older married respondents reported that sexual problems prevented them from sexual activity.

According to the National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS):

When people have diseases such as cancer,they receive comfort and compassion.People with diseases such as HIV/AIDS are stigmatized because:

Why are people increasingly seeking alternative medicine to treat illness? In what ways are they dissatisfied with conventional medicine? Why does conventional medicine NOT seem to have answers for some of these conditions?

According to symbolic interactionists,chronically ill people _______________,building or reconstructing their personal narratives to incorporate their illness as part of their lives.

Studies by Alfred Kinsey (1948,1953)and Edward Laumann (1994)are influential works in understanding sexuality; they also demonstrate that the research process:

Hundreds of years ago,the highest death rates were among children.By the beginning of the twentieth century,the highest death rates were among the elderly because:

The most significant finding of Lillian Rubin's study of sexuality among Americans in the late 1980s was that:

The rise of eating disorders in non-Western societies coincides with the globalization of:

Reproductive technologies could affect family structure because:

Epidemiology is the science that studies:

Higher rates of sexual activity among teens are associated with those who have:

What Is Sociology?

Asking And Answering Sociological Questions

Culture And Society

Socialization And The Life Cycle

Social Interaction And Everyday Life In The Age Of The Internet

Groups, networks, and Organizations

Conformity, deviance, and Crime

Stratification, class, and Inequality

Global Inequality

Gender Inequality

Ethnicity And Race

Aging

Government, political Power, and Social Movements

Work And Economic Life

Families and Intimate Relations

Education

Religion In Modern Society

Urbanization, population, and The Environment

Globalization In A Changing World

Filters