Question 1

The__________principle relates to the fact that growth in infants proceeds from the trunk outward, from the body's central axis toward the periphery.

Accepted Answer

A) integration 
B) differentiation 
C) cephalocaudal 
D) proximodistal 
A) integration 
B) differentiation 
C) cephalocaudal 
D) proximodistal

Question 2

A child's growth can be slowed from its genetically predetermined course by many organic factors. This phenomenon is referred to as canalization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

According to S. P. Johnson (2011) and Slater et al. (2010), the most dramatic gains in visual acuity are made:

Accepted Answer

A) between the teenage years and adulthood. 
B) during puberty. 
C) between birth and six months of age. 
D) in the fetal stage. 
A) between the teenage years and adulthood. 
B) during puberty. 
C) between birth and six months of age. 
D) in the fetal stage.

Question 4

Infants can transfer objects back and forth between hands by the age of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) one to two months 
B) four to six months 
C) three to four days 
D) two to three weeks 
A) one to two months 
B) four to six months 
C) three to four days 
D) two to three weeks

Question 5

Maggie, an infant, is holding a toy clumsily, using only her fingers and palm. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) a pincer grasp 
B) canalization 
C) an ulnar grasp 
D) habituation 
A) a pincer grasp 
B) canalization 
C) an ulnar grasp 
D) habituation

Question 6

Briefly describe myelination.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. The term myelination

Question 7

Which of the following is true of myelination?

Accepted Answer

A) It is complete at birth. 
B) Myelination of the brain's prefrontal matter is completed during neonatal development. 
C) The breakdown of myelin generally occurs in the first decade of life. 
D) It is part of the maturation process that leads to the abilities to crawl and walk during the first year after birth. 
A) It is complete at birth. 
B) Myelination of the brain's prefrontal matter is completed during neonatal development. 
C) The breakdown of myelin generally occurs in the first decade of life. 
D) It is part of the maturation process that leads to the abilities to crawl and walk during the first year after birth.

Question 8

Myelination of motor pathways:

Accepted Answer

A) increases the speed at which an infant can process cognitive information. 
B) begins during the fifth month of pregnancy and continues till birth. 
C) results in poorly coordinated motor movements. 
D) allows neonates to show stereotyped reflexes. 
A) increases the speed at which an infant can process cognitive information. 
B) begins during the fifth month of pregnancy and continues till birth. 
C) results in poorly coordinated motor movements. 
D) allows neonates to show stereotyped reflexes.

Question 9

Toddlers begin to run with their legs in a bowlegged fashion because:

Accepted Answer

A) they lack the Babinski reflex. 
B) this action requires visual-motor coordination, which is absent in toddlers. 
C) the head and the torso are heavier than the rest of the body. 
D) the principle of cephalocaudal development prevents them from running. 
A) they lack the Babinski reflex. 
B) this action requires visual-motor coordination, which is absent in toddlers. 
C) the head and the torso are heavier than the rest of the body. 
D) the principle of cephalocaudal development prevents them from running.

Question 10

An adult's arms are nearly:

Accepted Answer

A) three times the length of the head. 
B) five times the length of the head. 
C) four times the length of the head. 
D) six times the length of the head. 
A) three times the length of the head. 
B) five times the length of the head. 
C) four times the length of the head. 
D) six times the length of the head.

Question 11

Billy is a four-year-old boy. He has trouble walking and running like other children his age, and he sleeps through most of the day. He is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Billy's condition is the result of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) the abnormal lengths of the axons 
B) a disruption in his myelin sheaths 
C) the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 
D) a disruption in his rapid eye movement sleep 
A) the abnormal lengths of the axons 
B) a disruption in his myelin sheaths 
C) the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 
D) a disruption in his rapid eye movement sleep

Question 12

__________is a disorder in which hard fibrous tissue replaces myelin, impeding neural transmission.

Accepted Answer

A) Autism 
B) Multiple sclerosis 
C) Down syndrome 
D) Phenylketonuria 
A) Autism 
B) Multiple sclerosis 
C) Down syndrome 
D) Phenylketonuria

Question 13

In the context of neurons, which of the following is a function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

A) It facilitates the entry of electrically charged atoms in the fluids that encase the nervous system into the neurons. 
B) It prevents electrical messages from traveling down an axon. 
C) It facilitates the creation of neurotransmitters. 
D) It minimizes leakage of the electric current being carried along an axon. 
A) It facilitates the entry of electrically charged atoms in the fluids that encase the nervous system into the neurons. 
B) It prevents electrical messages from traveling down an axon. 
C) It facilitates the creation of neurotransmitters. 
D) It minimizes leakage of the electric current being carried along an axon.

Question 14

Most infants can walk by themselves by the age of__________.

Accepted Answer

A) 5 to 7 months 
B) 8 to 9 months 
C) 12 to 15 months 
D) 4 to 6 months 
A) 5 to 7 months 
B) 8 to 9 months 
C) 12 to 15 months 
D) 4 to 6 months

Question 15

Samson is a seven-year-old boy. He always gets poor grades in school. His language teacher complains that he does not remember anything that she teaches and he speaks in an incoherent manner. If Samson's condition is caused by brain damage, which part of the brain is his physician most likely to check first?

Accepted Answer

A) The cerebellum 
B) The medulla 
C) The cerebrum 
D) The auditory cortex 
A) The cerebellum 
B) The medulla 
C) The cerebrum 
D) The auditory cortex

Question 16

Baby Bonita is eight months old. Which of the following motor activities is she most likely to be involved in?

Accepted Answer

A) Walking 
B) Crawling 
C) Standing up without support 
D) Running 
A) Walking 
B) Crawling 
C) Standing up without support 
D) Running

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true of growth patterns in boys?

Accepted Answer

A) Boys reach about half their adult height by two years of age. 
B) Boys reach about one-third their adult height by five years of age. 
C) Boys reach about one-fourth their adult height by four years of age. 
D) Boys reach about one-tenth their adult height by three years of age. 
A) Boys reach about half their adult height by two years of age. 
B) Boys reach about one-third their adult height by five years of age. 
C) Boys reach about one-fourth their adult height by four years of age. 
D) Boys reach about one-tenth their adult height by three years of age.

Question 18

An individual develops intellectual disability because of a disorder called phenylketonuria. Which of the following occurrences is a cause of the intellectual disability in the individual?

Accepted Answer

A) The replacement of myelin by hard, fibrous tissue in the individual's neurons 
B) The inhibition of normal myelin development in the individual's brain 
C) Insulation of the neurons by myelin 
D) Myelination of the prefrontal matter of the individual's brain 
A) The replacement of myelin by hard, fibrous tissue in the individual's neurons 
B) The inhibition of normal myelin development in the individual's brain 
C) Insulation of the neurons by myelin 
D) Myelination of the prefrontal matter of the individual's brain

Question 19

Baby Marla's brain cannot control her heartbeat and respiration. Which part of her brain is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

A) The medulla 
B) The cerebellum 
C) The cerebrum 
D) The hypothalamus 
A) The medulla 
B) The cerebellum 
C) The cerebrum 
D) The hypothalamus

Question 20

Infants' brains are different from adults' brains in that infants' brains:

Accepted Answer

A) have more connections among neurons than adults' brains do. 
B) comprise a significantly smaller percentage of the body size. 
C) completely comprise non-myelinated neurons. 
D) have around 300 billion neurons. 
A) have more connections among neurons than adults' brains do. 
B) comprise a significantly smaller percentage of the body size. 
C) completely comprise non-myelinated neurons. 
D) have around 300 billion neurons.

The__________principle relates to the fact that growth in infants proceeds from the trunk outward, from the body's central axis toward the periphery.

A child's growth can be slowed from its genetically predetermined course by many organic factors. This phenomenon is referred to as canalization.

According to S. P. Johnson (2011) and Slater et al. (2010), the most dramatic gains in visual acuity are made:

Infants can transfer objects back and forth between hands by the age of _____.

Maggie, an infant, is holding a toy clumsily, using only her fingers and palm. This is an example of _____.

Briefly describe myelination.

Which of the following is true of myelination?

Myelination of motor pathways:

Toddlers begin to run with their legs in a bowlegged fashion because:

An adult's arms are nearly:

Billy is a four-year-old boy. He has trouble walking and running like other children his age, and he sleeps through most of the day. He is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Billy's condition is the result of _____.

__________is a disorder in which hard fibrous tissue replaces myelin, impeding neural transmission.

In the context of neurons, which of the following is a function of the myelin sheath?

Most infants can walk by themselves by the age of__________.

Baby Bonita is eight months old. Which of the following motor activities is she most likely to be involved in?

Which of the following statements is true of growth patterns in boys?

An individual develops intellectual disability because of a disorder called phenylketonuria. Which of the following occurrences is a cause of the intellectual disability in the individual?

Baby Marla's brain cannot control her heartbeat and respiration. Which part of her brain is most likely damaged?

Infants' brains are different from adults' brains in that infants' brains:

History, Theories, and Methods

Heredity

Conception and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical Development

Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical Development

Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical Development

Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development

Filters

Exam 5: Infancy: Physical Development

The__________principle relates to the fact that growth in infants proceeds from the trunk outward, from the body's central axis toward the periphery.

A child's growth can be slowed from its genetically predetermined course by many organic factors. This phenomenon is referred to as canalization.

According to S. P. Johnson (2011) and Slater et al. (2010), the most dramatic gains in visual acuity are made:

Infants can transfer objects back and forth between hands by the age of _____.

Maggie, an infant, is holding a toy clumsily, using only her fingers and palm. This is an example of _____.

Briefly describe myelination.

Which of the following is true of myelination?

Myelination of motor pathways:

Toddlers begin to run with their legs in a bowlegged fashion because:

An adult's arms are nearly:

Billy is a four-year-old boy. He has trouble walking and running like other children his age, and he sleeps through most of the day. He is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Billy's condition is the result of _____.

__________is a disorder in which hard fibrous tissue replaces myelin, impeding neural transmission.

In the context of neurons, which of the following is a function of the myelin sheath?

Most infants can walk by themselves by the age of__________.

Baby Bonita is eight months old. Which of the following motor activities is she most likely to be involved in?

Which of the following statements is true of growth patterns in boys?

An individual develops intellectual disability because of a disorder called phenylketonuria. Which of the following occurrences is a cause of the intellectual disability in the individual?

Baby Marla's brain cannot control her heartbeat and respiration. Which part of her brain is most likely damaged?

Infants' brains are different from adults' brains in that infants' brains:

History, Theories, and Methods

Heredity

Conception and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical Development

Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical Development

Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical Development

Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development

Filters