Question 1

Describe James Marcia's identity statuses based on the dimensions of exploration and commitment.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Building on Erik Erikson's approach, James Marcia theorized four identity statuses that represent the four possible combinations of the dimensions of exploration and commitment that Erikson believed were critical to the development of identity. Exploration involves active questioning and searching among alternatives to establish goals, values, or beliefs. Commitment is a stable investment in one's goals, values, or beliefs. Identity diffusion is the least advanced status and includes adolescents who neither have commitments nor are trying to form them. This stage is characteristic of younger adolescents and of older adolescents who drift through life or become alienated and rebellious. In the foreclosure status, individuals make commitments without considering alternatives. These commitments are usually established early in life and are often based on identification with parents, teachers, or religious leaders who have made a strong impression. The moratorium status refers to a person who is actively exploring alternatives in an attempt to make choices. Such individuals are often anxious and intense. Identity achievement refers to those who have explored alternatives and developed relatively firm commitments. They generally have high self-esteem and self-acceptance.

Question 2

Identify a true statement about friendships in adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A) Adolescents and their friends tend to have opposing views about drug use and sexual activity. 
B) Friendships in adolescence are less likely to stress mutual understanding as compared to friendships of childhood. 
C) Adolescents and their friends typically belong to the same age, race, and gender. 
D) Friendships in adolescence are less likely to stress intimate self-disclosure as compared to friendships of childhood. 
A) Adolescents and their friends tend to have opposing views about drug use and sexual activity. 
B) Friendships in adolescence are less likely to stress mutual understanding as compared to friendships of childhood. 
C) Adolescents and their friends typically belong to the same age, race, and gender. 
D) Friendships in adolescence are less likely to stress intimate self-disclosure as compared to friendships of childhood. C

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of adolescents?

Accepted Answer

A) During adolescence, parents are viewed as providing more support than same-gender friends. 
B) Most adolescents feel that they are close to and get along with their parents. 
C) Adolescents respond best to the authoritarian style of parenting. 
D) Adolescents tend to develop an idealized view of their parents. 
A) During adolescence, parents are viewed as providing more support than same-gender friends. 
B) Most adolescents feel that they are close to and get along with their parents. 
C) Adolescents respond best to the authoritarian style of parenting. 
D) Adolescents tend to develop an idealized view of their parents. B

Question 4

Which of the following is characteristic of adolescents in the stage of identity diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A) They tend to be alienated and rebellious. 
B) They tend to exhibit suicidal tendencies. 
C) The have established personal goals. 
D) They set high standards for themselves. 
A) They tend to be alienated and rebellious. 
B) They tend to exhibit suicidal tendencies. 
C) The have established personal goals. 
D) They set high standards for themselves.

Question 5

In the context of parenting styles, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Adolescents from authoritative homes have low self-esteem. 
B) Adolescents whose parents use the authoritarian parenting style are the most competent. 
C) Adolescents whose parents use the permissive parenting style are the most competent. 
D) Adolescents from authoritative homes show the most competent behavior. 
A) Adolescents from authoritative homes have low self-esteem. 
B) Adolescents whose parents use the authoritarian parenting style are the most competent. 
C) Adolescents whose parents use the permissive parenting style are the most competent. 
D) Adolescents from authoritative homes show the most competent behavior.

Question 6

Identify a true statement about antisocial and criminal behaviors by adolescents.

Accepted Answer

A) Many juvenile delinquency cases may be disposed of informally, as by referral to a mental health agency. 
B) About eight in ten serious crimes in the United States are committed by individuals under the age of 21. 
C) About seven in ten serious crimes in the United States are committed by individuals under the age of 18. 
D) Girls are much more likely than boys to engage in delinquent behavior such as robbery. 
A) Many juvenile delinquency cases may be disposed of informally, as by referral to a mental health agency. 
B) About eight in ten serious crimes in the United States are committed by individuals under the age of 21. 
C) About seven in ten serious crimes in the United States are committed by individuals under the age of 18. 
D) Girls are much more likely than boys to engage in delinquent behavior such as robbery.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true of self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A) High self-esteem is a characteristic of individuals who are depressed or suicidal. 
B) Individuals who feel close to their parents tend to have low self-esteem and self-reliance. 
C) Self-esteem tends to decline after middle childhood and improves after the age of 12 or 13. 
D) Individuals in the stage of identity diffusion are likely to have high self-esteem and self-acceptance. 
A) High self-esteem is a characteristic of individuals who are depressed or suicidal. 
B) Individuals who feel close to their parents tend to have low self-esteem and self-reliance. 
C) Self-esteem tends to decline after middle childhood and improves after the age of 12 or 13. 
D) Individuals in the stage of identity diffusion are likely to have high self-esteem and self-acceptance.

Question 8

Erik Erikson believed that there were gender differences in the development of identity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

It is possible that an individual's sex organs can develop in one direction while the biological factors that may underlie one's sexual orientation develop in another direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

How do parents and peers influence sexual activity during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Teenagers who have cl

Question 11

In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses,__________is a stable investment in one's goals, values, or beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A) commitment 
B) diffusion 
C) foreclosure 
D) exploration 
A) commitment 
B) diffusion 
C) foreclosure 
D) exploration

Question 12

The term__________refers to acts of sexual self-stimulation.

Accepted Answer

A) masturbation 
B) sexting 
C) fondling 
D) oral sex 
A) masturbation 
B) sexting 
C) fondling 
D) oral sex

Question 13

What are the common factors that cause teenage pregnancy? Do teenage girls use contraception effectively?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Adolescent girls typi

Question 14

In comparison with adolescents who do not communicate well with their parents, those who do:

Accepted Answer

A) are more likely to have adjustment issues. 
B) are less likely to be self-reliant or independent. 
C) are more likely to use birth control. 
D) are more likely to have low self-esteem. 
A) are more likely to have adjustment issues. 
B) are less likely to be self-reliant or independent. 
C) are more likely to use birth control. 
D) are more likely to have low self-esteem.

Question 15

Tamara is about to graduate from high school. She is confused about options for college. She enjoys studying both languages and life sciences. She has taken an appointment with the high school career counselor to explore her options. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, Tamara is most likely in the _____ stage.

Accepted Answer

A) moratorium 
B) foreclosure 
C) identity achievement 
D) identity diffusion 
A) moratorium 
B) foreclosure 
C) identity achievement 
D) identity diffusion

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the term juvenile delinquency?

Accepted Answer

A) It refers to children or adolescents suffering from severe depression. 
B) It refers to adolescents engaging in sexual activities. 
C) It refers to children or adolescents engaging in illegal behavior or activities. 
D) It refers to adolescents suffering from low self-esteem and self-reliance. 
A) It refers to children or adolescents suffering from severe depression. 
B) It refers to adolescents engaging in sexual activities. 
C) It refers to children or adolescents engaging in illegal behavior or activities. 
D) It refers to adolescents suffering from low self-esteem and self-reliance.

Question 17

The moratorium stage of identity development characterizes commitment to specific ideals or career choices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Ethan likes to sing and play the guitar and wants to pursue a career in country music. However, his parents advise him to take up a traditional career option. Finally, after considering other career options, he decides to pursue his passion. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, Ethan is most likely in the _____ stage.

Accepted Answer

A) identity achievement 
B) moratorium 
C) identity diffusion 
D) foreclosure 
A) identity achievement 
B) moratorium 
C) identity diffusion 
D) foreclosure

Question 19

Peers exhibit higher influence on adolescents than parents in matters pertaining to _____.

Accepted Answer

A) speech patterns 
B) educational goals 
C) moral values 
D) religious beliefs 
A) speech patterns 
B) educational goals 
C) moral values 
D) religious beliefs

Question 20

Discuss dating and romantic relationships among adolescents.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Romantic relationship

Describe James Marcia's identity statuses based on the dimensions of exploration and commitment.

Identify a true statement about friendships in adolescence.

Which of the following statements is true of adolescents?

Which of the following is characteristic of adolescents in the stage of identity diffusion?

In the context of parenting styles, which of the following statements is true?

Identify a true statement about antisocial and criminal behaviors by adolescents.

Which of the following statements is true of self-esteem?

Erik Erikson believed that there were gender differences in the development of identity.

It is possible that an individual's sex organs can develop in one direction while the biological factors that may underlie one's sexual orientation develop in another direction.

How do parents and peers influence sexual activity during adolescence?

In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses,__________is a stable investment in one's goals, values, or beliefs.

The term__________refers to acts of sexual self-stimulation.

What are the common factors that cause teenage pregnancy? Do teenage girls use contraception effectively?

In comparison with adolescents who do not communicate well with their parents, those who do:

Which of the following best describes the term juvenile delinquency?

The moratorium stage of identity development characterizes commitment to specific ideals or career choices.

Peers exhibit higher influence on adolescents than parents in matters pertaining to _____.

Discuss dating and romantic relationships among adolescents.

History, Theories, and Methods

Heredity

Conception and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Physical Development

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical Development

Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical Development

Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical Development

Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Filters

Exam 16: Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development

Describe James Marcia's identity statuses based on the dimensions of exploration and commitment.

Identify a true statement about friendships in adolescence.

Which of the following statements is true of adolescents?

Which of the following is characteristic of adolescents in the stage of identity diffusion?

In the context of parenting styles, which of the following statements is true?

Identify a true statement about antisocial and criminal behaviors by adolescents.

Which of the following statements is true of self-esteem?

Erik Erikson believed that there were gender differences in the development of identity.

It is possible that an individual's sex organs can develop in one direction while the biological factors that may underlie one's sexual orientation develop in another direction.

How do parents and peers influence sexual activity during adolescence?

In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses,__________is a stable investment in one's goals, values, or beliefs.

The term__________refers to acts of sexual self-stimulation.

What are the common factors that cause teenage pregnancy? Do teenage girls use contraception effectively?

In comparison with adolescents who do not communicate well with their parents, those who do:

Which of the following best describes the term juvenile delinquency?

The moratorium stage of identity development characterizes commitment to specific ideals or career choices.

Peers exhibit higher influence on adolescents than parents in matters pertaining to _____.

Discuss dating and romantic relationships among adolescents.

History, Theories, and Methods

Heredity

Conception and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Physical Development

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical Development

Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical Development

Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical Development

Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Filters