Exam 1: History, Theories, and Methods

John Locke believed that children should be treated as property and servants.

Cross-sequential research combines the longitudinal and cross-sectional research methods.

Which of the following is a similarity between Freud's and Erikson's psychoanalytic theories?

Harold is extremely possessive of his mother. He gets really angry at his father for no reason and never leaves his mother's side. According to Freud, Harold is likely fixated on the _____ of development.

Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory suggests that children passively respond to their environments.

According to Freud, the__________represents our biological drives.

Which of the following is true of the ego according to Freud?

Cross-cultural studies examine children's interactions with their__________.

John Locke is most likely to agree with the fact that:

Discuss the benefits of cross-sequential research.

The nervous systems of most, and perhaps all, animals are "prewired" to respond to some situations in specific ways.

Jenna believes that her four-year-old son should always be allowed to do as he pleases. She believes that her son-like all children-is incapable of doing anything wrong, and allowing him to do whatever he wants is the best way to raise him. Jenna's ideas agree best with the philosopher _____.

The ecological systems theory of development states that only genetic factors are worth studying.

Which of the following perspectives of child development is Arnold Gesell credited with?

Four-year-old Cynthia's mother gives her an apple each day and tells her that apples are fruits. However, one day, Cynthia's mother gives her an orange. She tells Cynthia that oranges are also fruits. Which of the following is most likely to occur to Cynthia's scheme of fruits?

Strong arguments or reference to authority figures are commonly used as scientific evidence.

__________is closely associated with the sociocultural perspective.

In ancient times and in the Middle Ages, children were often viewed as _____.

Which of the following is an advantage of Erikson's psychosocial theory?

Define the longitudinal research method. Explain the major drawbacks of the longitudinal research method.