Question 1

The variance and standard deviation are based on how much each score deviates from the

Accepted Answer

A)  mode. 
B)  median. 
C)  mean. 
D)  range. 
A)  mode. 
B)  median. 
C)  mean. 
D)  range.

Question 2

Which of the following must be true in order to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient?

Accepted Answer

A)  The x variable must be interval or ratio scale of measurement. 
B)  The y variable must be interval or ratio scale of measurement. 
C)  The data must appear to be linear. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  The x variable must be interval or ratio scale of measurement. 
B)  The y variable must be interval or ratio scale of measurement. 
C)  The data must appear to be linear. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 3

In a normal distribution, why isn't the percentage of scores between 0 and 1 SD above the mean the same as the percentage of scores between 1 and 2 SDs above the mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  As you move away from the mean, the scores occur progressively less frequently. 
B)  As you move away from the mean, the scores occur progressively more frequently. 
C)  The scores are more spread out as you move away from the mean. 
D)  The scores are less spread out as you move away from the mean. 
A)  As you move away from the mean, the scores occur progressively less frequently. 
B)  As you move away from the mean, the scores occur progressively more frequently. 
C)  The scores are more spread out as you move away from the mean. 
D)  The scores are less spread out as you move away from the mean.

Question 4

scenario
Nora would like to conduct an experiment to determine whether behavior modification techniques can help children eliminate bedwetting. She obtains a sample of children who wet the bed and randomly assigns half to the behavior modification therapy and half to a control group who receive no therapy. After six months, she measures how often children in each group wet the bed.
-Suppose Nora obtains the following printout of information: $$\begin{array} { | l l l l | } 
\hline \text { GROUP } & N & M & S D \
\text { Therapy } & 10 & 1.60 & 1.07 \
\text { Control } & 10 & 5.50 & 0.85 \
t = - 9.00 & & d f = 18 & p = .001 \
\hline
\end{array}$$ What decision should Nora make?

Accepted Answer

A)  The results are significant; children treated with behavioral modification therapy wet the bed less often than children in the control group. 
B)  The results are not significant; children treated with behavioral modification therapy wet the bed less often than children in the control group. 
C)  The results are significant; children treated with behavioral modification therapy and children in the control group did not differ in terms of bedwetting. 
D)  The results are not significant; children treated with behavioral modification therapy and children in the control group did not differ in terms of bedwetting. 
A)  The results are significant; children treated with behavioral modification therapy wet the bed less often than children in the control group. 
B)  The results are not significant; children treated with behavioral modification therapy wet the bed less often than children in the control group. 
C)  The results are significant; children treated with behavioral modification therapy and children in the control group did not differ in terms of bedwetting. 
D)  The results are not significant; children treated with behavioral modification therapy and children in the control group did not differ in terms of bedwetting.

Question 5

Briefly describe the four scales of measurement and give examples of each.

Accepted Answer

The four scales of measurement are nomin

Question 6

The horizontal or x axis of a graph is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  abscissa. 
B)  pie axis. 
C)  line axis. 
D)  ordinate. 
A)  abscissa. 
B)  pie axis. 
C)  line axis. 
D)  ordinate.

Question 7

Which scale of measurement is preferred by most psychologists? Why?

Accepted Answer

Most psychologists prefer to use the int

Question 8

If our statistical result was significant, what is the value of calculating effect size?

Accepted Answer

A)  A significant statistical test tells us that the IV had an effect, and the effect size tells us about the size of the significant effect. 
B)  Effect size tells us that the IV had an effect, and a significant statistical test tells us about the size of the significant effect. 
C)  Effect size tells us if we need to change our test from a one-tailed test to a two-tailed test. 
D)  If the statistical result was significant, you do not need to calculate effect size (the information is redundant). 
A)  A significant statistical test tells us that the IV had an effect, and the effect size tells us about the size of the significant effect. 
B)  Effect size tells us that the IV had an effect, and a significant statistical test tells us about the size of the significant effect. 
C)  Effect size tells us if we need to change our test from a one-tailed test to a two-tailed test. 
D)  If the statistical result was significant, you do not need to calculate effect size (the information is redundant).

Question 9

It is somewhat easier to find a significant result when using a

Accepted Answer

A)  two-tailed test. 
B)  one-tailed test. 
C)  correlational research design instead of an experimental research design. 
D)  case study design instead of an experimental research design. 
A)  two-tailed test. 
B)  one-tailed test. 
C)  correlational research design instead of an experimental research design. 
D)  case study design instead of an experimental research design.

Question 10

___________ statistics summarize numbers and _____________ statistics determine whether the results are significant.

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive; inferential 
B)  Inferential; descriptive 
C)  Measurement; inferential 
D)  Descriptive; measurement 
A)  Descriptive; inferential 
B)  Inferential; descriptive 
C)  Measurement; inferential 
D)  Descriptive; measurement

Question 11

Consider the following scores: 1, 1, 1, 3, 4. What is the mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  10 
D)  The mean cannot be calculated for these scores. 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  10 
D)  The mean cannot be calculated for these scores.

Question 12

The more scores cluster together and form a straight line, the _________ the correlation is between the two variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  weaker 
B)  stronger 
C)  less significant 
D)  more null 
A)  weaker 
B)  stronger 
C)  less significant 
D)  more null

Question 13

April would like to create a frequency graph of the following quiz scores: 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 10. April should use a

Accepted Answer

A)  bar graph. 
B)  pie chart. 
C)  histogram. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  bar graph. 
B)  pie chart. 
C)  histogram. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 14

A Type I error refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  accepting the null hypothesis when the experimental hypothesis is true. 
B)  accepting the experimental hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true. 
C)  accepting both the null hypothesis and the experimental hypothesis when neither is true. 
D)  accepting neither the null hypothesis nor the experimental hypothesis when both are true. 
A)  accepting the null hypothesis when the experimental hypothesis is true. 
B)  accepting the experimental hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true. 
C)  accepting both the null hypothesis and the experimental hypothesis when neither is true. 
D)  accepting neither the null hypothesis nor the experimental hypothesis when both are true.

Question 15

A _________ is a graphical representation of the percentage allocated to each alternative as a slice of a circular pie.

Accepted Answer

A)  pie chart 
B)  bar graph 
C)  histogram 
D)  line graph 
A)  pie chart 
B)  bar graph 
C)  histogram 
D)  line graph

Question 16

Which of the following is the easiest measure of variability to calculate?

Accepted Answer

A)  standard deviation 
B)  variance 
C)  mode 
D)  range 
A)  standard deviation 
B)  variance 
C)  mode 
D)  range

Question 17

Suppose you earned an 80 on an exam. The class mean was 82 with SD = 2. Your exam score is

Accepted Answer

A)  1 SD below the mean. 
B)  1 SD above the mean. 
C)  2 SDs below the mean. 
D)  2 SDs above the mean. 
A)  1 SD below the mean. 
B)  1 SD above the mean. 
C)  2 SDs below the mean. 
D)  2 SDs above the mean.

Question 18

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution is the

Accepted Answer

A)  median 
B)  mean 
C)  mode 
D)  range 
A)  median 
B)  mean 
C)  mode 
D)  range

Question 19

How can researchers lower the probability of making a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers can change their research design from an experiment to a correlational study. 
B)  Researchers can decrease the sample size. 
C)  Researchers can change the significance level from .05 to .01 
D)  Researchers can change the significance level from .01 to .05. 
A)  Researchers can change their research design from an experiment to a correlational study. 
B)  Researchers can decrease the sample size. 
C)  Researchers can change the significance level from .05 to .01 
D)  Researchers can change the significance level from .01 to .05.

Question 20

Why does temperature in Fahrenheit represent an interval scale of measurement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because it has a true zero point. 
B)  Because there are equal intervals between scores but no true zero point. 
C)  Because the zero point indicates the absence of heat. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  Because it has a true zero point. 
B)  Because there are equal intervals between scores but no true zero point. 
C)  Because the zero point indicates the absence of heat. 
D)  None of the above.

The variance and standard deviation are based on how much each score deviates from the

Which of the following must be true in order to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient?

In a normal distribution, why isn't the percentage of scores between 0 and 1 SD above the mean the same as the percentage of scores between 1 and 2 SDs above the mean?

Briefly describe the four scales of measurement and give examples of each.

The horizontal or x axis of a graph is known as the

Which scale of measurement is preferred by most psychologists? Why?

If our statistical result was significant, what is the value of calculating effect size?

It is somewhat easier to find a significant result when using a

_ statistics summarize numbers and ___ statistics determine whether the results are significant.

Consider the following scores: 1, 1, 1, 3, 4. What is the mean?

The more scores cluster together and form a straight line, the _________ the correlation is between the two variables.

April would like to create a frequency graph of the following quiz scores: 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 10. April should use a

A Type I error refers to

A _________ is a graphical representation of the percentage allocated to each alternative as a slice of a circular pie.

Which of the following is the easiest measure of variability to calculate?

Suppose you earned an 80 on an exam. The class mean was 82 with SD = 2. Your exam score is

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution is the

How can researchers lower the probability of making a Type I error?

Why does temperature in Fahrenheit represent an interval scale of measurement?

Psychological Research and the Research Methods Course

Developing a Good Research Idea and Conducting an Ethical Project

Qualitative Research Methods

Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies

Using the Scientific Method in Psychology

Conducting a Good Experiment I: Variables and Control

Conducting a Good Experiment Ii: Final Considerations, Unanticipated Influences, and Cross-Cultural Issues

Internal and External Validity

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With More Than Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Multiple Independent Variables

Alternative Research Designs

Writing and Assembling an Apa-Format Research Report

Filters

Exam 9: Using Statistics to Answer Questions

The variance and standard deviation are based on how much each score deviates from the

Which of the following must be true in order to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient?

In a normal distribution, why isn't the percentage of scores between 0 and 1 SD above the mean the same as the percentage of scores between 1 and 2 SDs above the mean?

Briefly describe the four scales of measurement and give examples of each.

The horizontal or x axis of a graph is known as the

Which scale of measurement is preferred by most psychologists? Why?

If our statistical result was significant, what is the value of calculating effect size?

It is somewhat easier to find a significant result when using a

___________ statistics summarize numbers and _____________ statistics determine whether the results are significant.

Consider the following scores: 1, 1, 1, 3, 4. What is the mean?

The more scores cluster together and form a straight line, the _________ the correlation is between the two variables.

April would like to create a frequency graph of the following quiz scores: 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 10. April should use a

A Type I error refers to

A _________ is a graphical representation of the percentage allocated to each alternative as a slice of a circular pie.

Which of the following is the easiest measure of variability to calculate?

Suppose you earned an 80 on an exam. The class mean was 82 with SD = 2. Your exam score is

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution is the

How can researchers lower the probability of making a Type I error?

Why does temperature in Fahrenheit represent an interval scale of measurement?

Psychological Research and the Research Methods Course

Developing a Good Research Idea and Conducting an Ethical Project

Qualitative Research Methods

Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies

Using the Scientific Method in Psychology

Conducting a Good Experiment I: Variables and Control

Conducting a Good Experiment Ii: Final Considerations, Unanticipated Influences, and Cross-Cultural Issues

Internal and External Validity

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With More Than Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Multiple Independent Variables

Alternative Research Designs

Writing and Assembling an Apa-Format Research Report

Filters

_ statistics summarize numbers and ___ statistics determine whether the results are significant.