Question 1

How might experimenter characteristics have affected this study?

Accepted Answer

The participants were men drinking alcohol and then answering questions about HIV and condom use. They may have felt uncomfortable answering these questions in front of, for example, a woman or an experimenter appearing anxious or unfriendly. Their discomfort could cause socially desirable responses.

Question 2

A culture-specific finding is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  emic. 
B)  etic. 
C)  response set. 
D)  precedent. 
A)  emic. 
B)  etic. 
C)  response set. 
D)  precedent. A

Question 3

Describe two ways in which researchers control demand characteristics.

Accepted Answer

One way researchers control demand characteristics is by using a double-blind study design. In a double-blind study, neither the participants nor the researchers know which group is receiving the treatment and which group is receiving the control. This helps to minimize the potential for participants to change their behavior based on their expectations of the study's outcome.

Another way researchers control demand characteristics is by using deception. This involves intentionally misleading participants about the true purpose of the study in order to prevent them from altering their behavior in response to their beliefs about the study. However, it is important to note that deception must be used ethically and with proper informed consent from participants.

Question 4

Which of the following is a drawback associated with the use of expensive or elaborate equipment in your research study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Often less elaborate equipment can work just as well with less chance of a breakdown. 
B)  Researchers can unwittingly let their equipment choose the research question. 
C)  When elaborate equipment breaks down, it can be prohibitively expensive to fix. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  Often less elaborate equipment can work just as well with less chance of a breakdown. 
B)  Researchers can unwittingly let their equipment choose the research question. 
C)  When elaborate equipment breaks down, it can be prohibitively expensive to fix. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 5

A researcher conducts a study on the effectiveness of a new drug to alleviate anxiety. Participants are given either the drug or a sugar pill, and they don't know which they are receiving. Furthermore, the experimenter dispensing the pills does not know which pill he is giving out (the lead researcher, however, is aware of everything). This experiment is known as a _________ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational 
B)  double-blind 
C)  single-blind 
D)  response-set 
A)  correlational 
B)  double-blind 
C)  single-blind 
D)  response-set

Question 6

The probability that a statistical test will be significant is called

Accepted Answer

A)  precedent. 
B)  the Rosenthal effect. 
C)  a response set. 
D)  power. 
A)  precedent. 
B)  the Rosenthal effect. 
C)  a response set. 
D)  power.

Question 7

Experimenter expectancies are best categorized as __________ variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  extraneous 
B)  nuisance 
C)  independent 
D)  dependent 
A)  extraneous 
B)  nuisance 
C)  independent 
D)  dependent

Question 8

Which of the following represents a way of controlling demand characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conduct a double-blind experiment 
B)  Use random sampling 
C)  Conduct an experiment rather than a correlational study 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  Conduct a double-blind experiment 
B)  Use random sampling 
C)  Conduct an experiment rather than a correlational study 
D)  All of the above.

Question 9

The tendency of a particular culture to respond in a certain manner is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  etic. 
B)  cultural response set. 
C)  demand characteristic. 
D)  Rosenthal effect. 
A)  etic. 
B)  cultural response set. 
C)  demand characteristic. 
D)  Rosenthal effect.

Question 10

How might demand characteristics have affected this study?

Accepted Answer

Participants may have figured out the hy

Question 11

What is a precedent? What are the advantages and disadvantages to using a precedent in choosing participants?

Accepted Answer

A precedent is a previous decision or ru

Question 12

Describe some ways in which researchers control response set.

Accepted Answer

Researchers control response set in seve

Question 13

Which of the following populations is used most often in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A)  patients with schizophrenia 
B)  patients with depression 
C)  the general population 
D)  college students 
A)  patients with schizophrenia 
B)  patients with depression 
C)  the general population 
D)  college students

Question 14

People of all cultures respond similarly to reinforcers; therefore, reinforcement is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  demand characteristic. 
B)  emic. 
C)  response set. 
D)  etic. 
A)  demand characteristic. 
B)  emic. 
C)  response set. 
D)  etic.

Question 15

Experimenter expectancies refer to expectations that

Accepted Answer

A)  participants have about the research process. 
B)  the participants have about the experimenter. 
C)  the experimenter has about the participants. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  participants have about the research process. 
B)  the participants have about the experimenter. 
C)  the experimenter has about the participants. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 16

Brenda constructs a questionnaire to assess racial bias. All of the questions are worded such that agreement with each item indicates more racial bias. Brenda runs the risk of creating a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  etic. 
B)  emic. 
C)  response set. 
D)  double-blind experiment. 
A)  etic. 
B)  emic. 
C)  response set. 
D)  double-blind experiment.

Question 17

Describe several aspects of the participants' perception of the research project that can act as extraneous or nuisance variables.

Accepted Answer

Several aspects of the participants' per

Question 18

The ______ the number of participants, the _____ the power in an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater; fewer 
B)  fewer; greater 
C)  greater; greater 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  greater; fewer 
B)  fewer; greater 
C)  greater; greater 
D)  None of the above.

Question 19

Which of the following is a factor regarding how many participants a researcher will test?

Accepted Answer

A)  time 
B)  availability 
C)  finances 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  time 
B)  availability 
C)  finances 
D)  All of the above.

Question 20

What are demand characteristics? Explain the circumstances under which demand characteristics operate as nuisance variables. Explain the circumstances under which demand characteristics operate as extraneous variables.

Accepted Answer

Demand characteristics refer to cues or

How might experimenter characteristics have affected this study?

A culture-specific finding is known as a(n)

Describe two ways in which researchers control demand characteristics.

Which of the following is a drawback associated with the use of expensive or elaborate equipment in your research study?

The probability that a statistical test will be significant is called

Experimenter expectancies are best categorized as __________ variables.

Which of the following represents a way of controlling demand characteristics?

The tendency of a particular culture to respond in a certain manner is known as a(n)

How might demand characteristics have affected this study?

What is a precedent? What are the advantages and disadvantages to using a precedent in choosing participants?

Describe some ways in which researchers control response set.

Which of the following populations is used most often in psychological research?

People of all cultures respond similarly to reinforcers; therefore, reinforcement is a(n)

Experimenter expectancies refer to expectations that

Brenda constructs a questionnaire to assess racial bias. All of the questions are worded such that agreement with each item indicates more racial bias. Brenda runs the risk of creating a(n)

Describe several aspects of the participants' perception of the research project that can act as extraneous or nuisance variables.

The __ the number of participants, the _ the power in an experiment.

Which of the following is a factor regarding how many participants a researcher will test?

What are demand characteristics? Explain the circumstances under which demand characteristics operate as nuisance variables. Explain the circumstances under which demand characteristics operate as extraneous variables.

Psychological Research and the Research Methods Course

Developing a Good Research Idea and Conducting an Ethical Project

Qualitative Research Methods

Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies

Using the Scientific Method in Psychology

Conducting a Good Experiment I: Variables and Control

Internal and External Validity

Using Statistics to Answer Questions

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With More Than Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Multiple Independent Variables

Alternative Research Designs

Writing and Assembling an Apa-Format Research Report

Filters

Exam 7: Conducting a Good Experiment Ii: Final Considerations, Unanticipated Influences, and Cross-Cultural Issues

How might experimenter characteristics have affected this study?

A culture-specific finding is known as a(n)

Describe two ways in which researchers control demand characteristics.

Which of the following is a drawback associated with the use of expensive or elaborate equipment in your research study?

The probability that a statistical test will be significant is called

Experimenter expectancies are best categorized as __________ variables.

Which of the following represents a way of controlling demand characteristics?

The tendency of a particular culture to respond in a certain manner is known as a(n)

How might demand characteristics have affected this study?

What is a precedent? What are the advantages and disadvantages to using a precedent in choosing participants?

Describe some ways in which researchers control response set.

Which of the following populations is used most often in psychological research?

People of all cultures respond similarly to reinforcers; therefore, reinforcement is a(n)

Experimenter expectancies refer to expectations that

Brenda constructs a questionnaire to assess racial bias. All of the questions are worded such that agreement with each item indicates more racial bias. Brenda runs the risk of creating a(n)

Describe several aspects of the participants' perception of the research project that can act as extraneous or nuisance variables.

The ______ the number of participants, the _____ the power in an experiment.

Which of the following is a factor regarding how many participants a researcher will test?

What are demand characteristics? Explain the circumstances under which demand characteristics operate as nuisance variables. Explain the circumstances under which demand characteristics operate as extraneous variables.

Psychological Research and the Research Methods Course

Developing a Good Research Idea and Conducting an Ethical Project

Qualitative Research Methods

Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies

Using the Scientific Method in Psychology

Conducting a Good Experiment I: Variables and Control

Internal and External Validity

Using Statistics to Answer Questions

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With More Than Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Multiple Independent Variables

Alternative Research Designs

Writing and Assembling an Apa-Format Research Report

Filters

The __ the number of participants, the _ the power in an experiment.