Exam 9: Prosocial Behavior

Suppose that you encounter a potential emergency situation in which someone needs help.How might the presence of other bystanders as sources of information about helping influence your decision to help? Give an example of an emergency situation and describe how the presence of other people might influence the likelihood of receiving help.

In which of the following circumstances would you be more likely help relatives compared to nonrelatives?

The advice,"Do not criticize someone until you walk in their shoes" requires

What are the four goals cited in your text that can be achieved by performing prosocial actions? Describe each goal and give an example of how each goal might lead one person to help another.

Describe how similarity and familiarity can affect helping,and give an example for each concept.

According to Hamilton's concept of inclusive fitness,aid should be most frequently given to

Individuals with a high need for approval are more likely to help when others are ________.This suggests that helping others can be a way to ________.

Your sibling is training to make a spot on a sports team.According to research by Tesser and colleagues,in which of the following situations would you be LESS likely to help your sibling train?

The social rule that people should help those who need help is called

Personal norms are

The tendency to help close relatives rather than nonrelatives is much more pronounced

In a study of charitable giving and volunteering in the United States,87 percent of the people surveyed said that the reason they contributed was that helping was consistent with their personal values.These findings suggest that people often help in order to

Which of the following explanations does the text give for the fact that Catherine Genovese was killed while 38 neighbors observed and none of them helped?

Research by Nancy Segal (2000)supports the concept of inclusive fitness in studies showing that ________ are more alike in their helping patterns and are more likely to aid each other than are ________.

Helping behavior appears on the surface to be at odds with evolution: helping someone else,such as giving food,might endanger one's own survival.Which of the following statements best clarifies this issue?

Describe the arousal/cost reward model of helping,and describe three conditions under which helping is more likely.

In a research study,participants who did poorly on a task were given a chance to give clues to help a friend and a stranger perform the same task.The results of the study indicated that participants gave better clues to

Research shows that ________ individuals are especially willing to help,whether the helping act promises to be rewarding or not.

Observers often fail to help in an emergency because they are uncertain

What is perspective taking,and how,according to Batson,might it relate to pure,selfless,altruism?