Question 1

Which one of the following students best fits the pattern associated with being at risk?

Accepted Answer

A) Sal started kindergarten a year later than his peers because his parents wanted to be sure he was ready for school. 
B) Wesley has recently failed sophomore algebra, and he is frustrated because he now has to go to summer school. 
C) André isn't doing very well in any of his classes; he will have to pull up his grades or he won't be allowed to continue to participate in varsity football. 
D) Evan is doing poorly in all of his classes because of repeated absenteeism and failure to turn in assignments. 
A) Sal started kindergarten a year later than his peers because his parents wanted to be sure he was ready for school. 
B) Wesley has recently failed sophomore algebra, and he is frustrated because he now has to go to summer school. 
C) André isn't doing very well in any of his classes; he will have to pull up his grades or he won't be allowed to continue to participate in varsity football. 
D) Evan is doing poorly in all of his classes because of repeated absenteeism and failure to turn in assignments.

Question 2

Which one of the following is the best example of playing the dozens?

Accepted Answer

A) When Alegria finishes her own classwork, she goes to the assistance of classmates who appear to be struggling with theirs. 
B) Tariq devoutly follows Muslim practices 
C) Jameel says to Ronald, "Your momma's so fat her picture takes two frames." Ronald responds, "Yeah? Well, your momma's so fat it took three cows to make her a pair of shoes." 
D) Helena tells her friend Mary that Wendy has been saying unkind things behind Mary's back.She then goes to Wendy and tells her that Mary has been saying unkind things behind her back. 
E) g., praying five times a day, fasting during Ramadan)on weekends and school holidays, but he tries to behave as his American classmates do on days when he attends school. 
A) When Alegria finishes her own classwork, she goes to the assistance of classmates who appear to be struggling with theirs. 
B) Tariq devoutly follows Muslim practices 
C) Jameel says to Ronald, "Your momma's so fat her picture takes two frames." Ronald responds, "Yeah? Well, your momma's so fat it took three cows to make her a pair of shoes." 
D) Helena tells her friend Mary that Wendy has been saying unkind things behind Mary's back.She then goes to Wendy and tells her that Mary has been saying unkind things behind her back. 
E) g., praying five times a day, fasting during Ramadan)on weekends and school holidays, but he tries to behave as his American classmates do on days when he attends school.

Question 3

Rani has just moved here from a Middle Eastern country where most women remain at home serving their husbands and taking care of their children.She seems confused when she is asked to perform the same school tasks as her male classmates.Rani's situation illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A) Why gender schemas are irrelevant to some cultures 
B) Cultural differences in personal space 
C) The importance of wait time 
D) Cultural mismatch 
A) Why gender schemas are irrelevant to some cultures 
B) Cultural differences in personal space 
C) The importance of wait time 
D) Cultural mismatch

Question 4

In general, boys participate more actively than girls in class discussions.Three of the following are possible reasons for this gender difference.Which one is unlikely to be a reason?

Accepted Answer

A) Girls think that appearing intelligent may interfere with their popularity. 
B) Girls are more afraid of looking stupid in front of their classmates. 
C) Boys are more willing to take academic risks. 
D) Girls have less confidence in their social skills. 
A) Girls think that appearing intelligent may interfere with their popularity. 
B) Girls are more afraid of looking stupid in front of their classmates. 
C) Boys are more willing to take academic risks. 
D) Girls have less confidence in their social skills.

Question 5

Which one of the following is the most accurate statement about group differences among students?

Accepted Answer

A) When we have knowledge about typical group differences, we have a very good idea of how individual students are likely to perform in the classroom. 
B) We can make fairly accurate predictions about individual students when we know their ethnic background, but not when we know their gender. 
C) We can make fairly accurate predictions about individual students when we know their gender, but not when we know their ethnic background. 
D) The average for two groups may be different, but variability within each group keeps us from predicting individual performance. 
A) When we have knowledge about typical group differences, we have a very good idea of how individual students are likely to perform in the classroom. 
B) We can make fairly accurate predictions about individual students when we know their ethnic background, but not when we know their gender. 
C) We can make fairly accurate predictions about individual students when we know their gender, but not when we know their ethnic background. 
D) The average for two groups may be different, but variability within each group keeps us from predicting individual performance.

Question 6

Which one of the following descriptions best reflects how educators typically define students at risk?

Accepted Answer

A) Students unlikely to acquire the basic academic skills necessary for success in the adult world 
B) Students with a strong probability of becoming long-term substance abusers 
C) Students who show a pattern of criminal behavior by age 14 
D) Students who have been found guilty of one or more felonies 
A) Students unlikely to acquire the basic academic skills necessary for success in the adult world 
B) Students with a strong probability of becoming long-term substance abusers 
C) Students who show a pattern of criminal behavior by age 14 
D) Students who have been found guilty of one or more felonies

Question 7

Three of the following strategies are likely to help students at risk stay in school.Which one is not likely to do so?

Accepted Answer

A) Discourage students from participating in extracurricular activities so that they can focus on getting their grades up. 
B) Communicate your expectation that students can do well and that you will help them achieve instructional objectives. 
C) Assign activities that have obvious relevance to students' own lives and needs. 
D) Identify students at risk as early as possible in order to provide long-term academic support. 
A) Discourage students from participating in extracurricular activities so that they can focus on getting their grades up. 
B) Communicate your expectation that students can do well and that you will help them achieve instructional objectives. 
C) Assign activities that have obvious relevance to students' own lives and needs. 
D) Identify students at risk as early as possible in order to provide long-term academic support.

Question 8

Which one of the following factors is least likely to be considered in determining a family's socioeconomic status?

Accepted Answer

A) Family income 
B) Parents' education levels 
C) Children's achievement test scores 
D) The kinds of jobs that parents have 
A) Family income 
B) Parents' education levels 
C) Children's achievement test scores 
D) The kinds of jobs that parents have

Question 9

Three of the following are more common for students from middle-income homes than for students from low-income homes.Which one is not necessarily more common for middle-income students?

Accepted Answer

A) Safe drinking water 
B) Air pollution 
C) Availability of organized sports programs 
D) Regular interaction with other children of the same age 
A) Safe drinking water 
B) Air pollution 
C) Availability of organized sports programs 
D) Regular interaction with other children of the same age

Question 10

Three of the following are likely to give you reasonable clues about a student's cultural background and/or ethnic group membership.Which one is probably least dependable as an indicator of a student's cultural background and ethnicity?

Accepted Answer

A) The color of a student's skin 
B) The ethnicity of the student's parents 
C) What language is most often spoken at home 
D) The cultural and religious activities in which a student regularly participates 
A) The color of a student's skin 
B) The ethnicity of the student's parents 
C) What language is most often spoken at home 
D) The cultural and religious activities in which a student regularly participates

Question 11

Ten-year-old Svana has recently immigrated from Iceland to the United States.If we say that Svana is undergoing acculturation, we mean that she is:

Accepted Answer

A) Refusing to speak any English at school 
B) Maintaining all of the customs of her homeland 
C) Adopting some American behaviors and attitudes 
D) Afraid to engage in social activities with her American peers 
A) Refusing to speak any English at school 
B) Maintaining all of the customs of her homeland 
C) Adopting some American behaviors and attitudes 
D) Afraid to engage in social activities with her American peers

Question 12

What impact does teacher wait time have on students' classroom performance?

Accepted Answer

A) When wait time is several seconds, students are more likely to answer questions. 
B) If wait time is increased beyond two seconds, students will be embarrassed by the awkward silence and not answer. 
C) Wait time of about one second is optimal.If it is much longer, students will get distracted and forget the question. 
D) Increased wait time is only necessary when working with low-ability learners.Average and above-average learners don't need much wait time. 
A) When wait time is several seconds, students are more likely to answer questions. 
B) If wait time is increased beyond two seconds, students will be embarrassed by the awkward silence and not answer. 
C) Wait time of about one second is optimal.If it is much longer, students will get distracted and forget the question. 
D) Increased wait time is only necessary when working with low-ability learners.Average and above-average learners don't need much wait time.

Question 13

Ms.Youmans has a class of 24 sixth graders-12 girls and 12 boys.Given what we know about gender differences in verbal ability and visual-spatial ability, which one of the following is Ms.Youmans justified in concluding about her students?

Accepted Answer

A) Her highest reading group will have almost all girls, and her lowest reading group will have mostly boys. 
B) All of the boys should do better than all of the girls on a test of visual-spatial ability in other words, there is no overlap between the two groups). 
C) About 80% of the boys should do better than 80% of the girls on a test of visual- spatial ability. 
D) Ms.Youmans probably won't notice differences in the average abilities of boys and girls. 
A) Her highest reading group will have almost all girls, and her lowest reading group will have mostly boys. 
B) All of the boys should do better than all of the girls on a test of visual-spatial ability in other words, there is no overlap between the two groups). 
C) About 80% of the boys should do better than 80% of the girls on a test of visual- spatial ability. 
D) Ms.Youmans probably won't notice differences in the average abilities of boys and girls.

Question 14

Three of the teachers below are using strategies appropriate for a culturally diverse classroom.With the textbook's discussion of student diversity in mind, identify the teacher who is probably not promoting the classroom success of some of her students.

Accepted Answer

A) Ms.Andreas forms small, multicultural groups in which students describe and compare their diverse perspectives about a recent international conflict. 
B) Ms.Boynton uses competitive activities to get all students motivated to do their best. 
C) Ms.Champas explores the ways in which children from different backgrounds are alike as well as different. 
D) Ms.Delaney makes sure she presents both the American and Mexican views of the Mexican-American War. 
A) Ms.Andreas forms small, multicultural groups in which students describe and compare their diverse perspectives about a recent international conflict. 
B) Ms.Boynton uses competitive activities to get all students motivated to do their best. 
C) Ms.Champas explores the ways in which children from different backgrounds are alike as well as different. 
D) Ms.Delaney makes sure she presents both the American and Mexican views of the Mexican-American War.

Question 15

Three of the following describe environmental factors that contribute to gender differences we see in school-age children.Which statement is not an accurate description of how the environment contributes to gender differences?

Accepted Answer

A) Most characters in books and television shows behave in gender-stereotypical ways. 
B) Parents have higher expectations for their daughters regarding acceptable levels of educational achievement. 
C) Boys' typical games are more likely to foster visual-spatial skills. 
D) Girls' typical toys are more likely to promote the development of social skills. 
A) Most characters in books and television shows behave in gender-stereotypical ways. 
B) Parents have higher expectations for their daughters regarding acceptable levels of educational achievement. 
C) Boys' typical games are more likely to foster visual-spatial skills. 
D) Girls' typical toys are more likely to promote the development of social skills.

Question 16

Knowledge about group differences enables us to:

Accepted Answer

A) Determine when particular students should begin formal education 
B) Make fairly accurate predictions about individual students' academic performance but not about their social skills 
C) Make fairly accurate predictions about individual students' social skills but not about their academic performance 
D) Form tentative hypotheses about instructional strategies that might be effective for different students 
A) Determine when particular students should begin formal education 
B) Make fairly accurate predictions about individual students' academic performance but not about their social skills 
C) Make fairly accurate predictions about individual students' social skills but not about their academic performance 
D) Form tentative hypotheses about instructional strategies that might be effective for different students

Question 17

Differences between boys and girls may be due in part to factors at school.Which statement is not accurate about possible school factors that promote gender differences?

Accepted Answer

A) Typical "boy" play groups are larger than those for girls and so call for more assertive behavior. 
B) Some reading materials portray males and females in stereotypical ways. 
C) Teachers interact with girls more frequently than with boys. 
D) Teachers more often reprimand boys than girls. 
A) Typical "boy" play groups are larger than those for girls and so call for more assertive behavior. 
B) Some reading materials portray males and females in stereotypical ways. 
C) Teachers interact with girls more frequently than with boys. 
D) Teachers more often reprimand boys than girls.

Question 18

Three of the following situations reflect how peer relationships often exacerbate gender differences.Which situation is not typical?

Accepted Answer

A) Molly says to Debra, "Wow, what a great Barbie doll collection you have!" 
B) Ed says to Trudy, "We need to get this lab experiment done.You read what we need to do, and I'll do it." 
C) Helen says to Vicki, "Oh, there's Sherry.Don't talk to her-she's a real math nerd." 
D) Fred says to Mike, "Did you sign up for that cooking class? Maybe I'll sign up too." 
A) Molly says to Debra, "Wow, what a great Barbie doll collection you have!" 
B) Ed says to Trudy, "We need to get this lab experiment done.You read what we need to do, and I'll do it." 
C) Helen says to Vicki, "Oh, there's Sherry.Don't talk to her-she's a real math nerd." 
D) Fred says to Mike, "Did you sign up for that cooking class? Maybe I'll sign up too."

Question 19

Biological differences appear to play a role in three of the following gender differences.Considering research findings presented in the textbook, choose the difference that is least likely to be the result of biology.

Accepted Answer

A) Preference for short versus long hair 
B) Differences in physical aggression 
C) Preferences for "boy" versus "girl" toys 
D) Differences in visual-spatial ability 
A) Preference for short versus long hair 
B) Differences in physical aggression 
C) Preferences for "boy" versus "girl" toys 
D) Differences in visual-spatial ability

Question 20

Research on gender differences in students' sense of self tells us that:

Accepted Answer

A) Boys are more likely than girls to see themselves as being cooperative and easy to get along with. 
B) Both boys and girls tend to have greater self-confidence in "gender-appropriate" activities. 
C) In adolescence, girls rate their physical appearance more positively than boys do. 
D) On average, girls have a better overall sense of self than boys. 
A) Boys are more likely than girls to see themselves as being cooperative and easy to get along with. 
B) Both boys and girls tend to have greater self-confidence in "gender-appropriate" activities. 
C) In adolescence, girls rate their physical appearance more positively than boys do. 
D) On average, girls have a better overall sense of self than boys.

Which one of the following students best fits the pattern associated with being at risk?

Which one of the following is the best example of playing the dozens?

Rani has just moved here from a Middle Eastern country where most women remain at home serving their husbands and taking care of their children.She seems confused when she is asked to perform the same school tasks as her male classmates.Rani's situation illustrates:

In general, boys participate more actively than girls in class discussions.Three of the following are possible reasons for this gender difference.Which one is unlikely to be a reason?

Which one of the following is the most accurate statement about group differences among students?

Which one of the following descriptions best reflects how educators typically define students at risk?

Three of the following strategies are likely to help students at risk stay in school.Which one is not likely to do so?

Which one of the following factors is least likely to be considered in determining a family's socioeconomic status?

Three of the following are more common for students from middle-income homes than for students from low-income homes.Which one is not necessarily more common for middle-income students?

Three of the following are likely to give you reasonable clues about a student's cultural background and/or ethnic group membership.Which one is probably least dependable as an indicator of a student's cultural background and ethnicity?

Ten-year-old Svana has recently immigrated from Iceland to the United States.If we say that Svana is undergoing acculturation, we mean that she is:

What impact does teacher wait time have on students' classroom performance?

Ms.Youmans has a class of 24 sixth graders-12 girls and 12 boys.Given what we know about gender differences in verbal ability and visual-spatial ability, which one of the following is Ms.Youmans justified in concluding about her students?

Three of the teachers below are using strategies appropriate for a culturally diverse classroom.With the textbook's discussion of student diversity in mind, identify the teacher who is probably not promoting the classroom success of some of her students.

Three of the following describe environmental factors that contribute to gender differences we see in school-age children.Which statement is not an accurate description of how the environment contributes to gender differences?

Knowledge about group differences enables us to:

Differences between boys and girls may be due in part to factors at school.Which statement is not accurate about possible school factors that promote gender differences?

Three of the following situations reflect how peer relationships often exacerbate gender differences.Which situation is not typical?

Biological differences appear to play a role in three of the following gender differences.Considering research findings presented in the textbook, choose the difference that is least likely to be the result of biology.

Research on gender differences in students' sense of self tells us that:

Teaching and Educational Psychology

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal and Social Development

Individual Differences and Special Educational Needs

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Knowledge Construction

Complex Cognitive Processes

Behaviorist Views of Learning

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation and Affect

Instructional Strategies

Creating a Productive Learning Environment

Classroom Assessment Strategies

Filters

Exam 4: Group Differences

Which one of the following students best fits the pattern associated with being at risk?

Which one of the following is the best example of playing the dozens?

Rani has just moved here from a Middle Eastern country where most women remain at home serving their husbands and taking care of their children.She seems confused when she is asked to perform the same school tasks as her male classmates.Rani's situation illustrates:

In general, boys participate more actively than girls in class discussions.Three of the following are possible reasons for this gender difference.Which one is unlikely to be a reason?

Which one of the following is the most accurate statement about group differences among students?

Which one of the following descriptions best reflects how educators typically define students at risk?

Three of the following strategies are likely to help students at risk stay in school.Which one is not likely to do so?

Which one of the following factors is least likely to be considered in determining a family's socioeconomic status?

Three of the following are more common for students from middle-income homes than for students from low-income homes.Which one is not necessarily more common for middle-income students?

Three of the following are likely to give you reasonable clues about a student's cultural background and/or ethnic group membership.Which one is probably least dependable as an indicator of a student's cultural background and ethnicity?

Ten-year-old Svana has recently immigrated from Iceland to the United States.If we say that Svana is undergoing acculturation, we mean that she is:

What impact does teacher wait time have on students' classroom performance?

Ms.Youmans has a class of 24 sixth graders-12 girls and 12 boys.Given what we know about gender differences in verbal ability and visual-spatial ability, which one of the following is Ms.Youmans justified in concluding about her students?

Three of the teachers below are using strategies appropriate for a culturally diverse classroom.With the textbook's discussion of student diversity in mind, identify the teacher who is probably not promoting the classroom success of some of her students.

Three of the following describe environmental factors that contribute to gender differences we see in school-age children.Which statement is not an accurate description of how the environment contributes to gender differences?

Knowledge about group differences enables us to:

Differences between boys and girls may be due in part to factors at school.Which statement is not accurate about possible school factors that promote gender differences?

Three of the following situations reflect how peer relationships often exacerbate gender differences.Which situation is not typical?

Biological differences appear to play a role in three of the following gender differences.Considering research findings presented in the textbook, choose the difference that is least likely to be the result of biology.

Research on gender differences in students' sense of self tells us that:

Teaching and Educational Psychology

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal and Social Development

Individual Differences and Special Educational Needs

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Knowledge Construction

Complex Cognitive Processes

Behaviorist Views of Learning

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation and Affect

Instructional Strategies

Creating a Productive Learning Environment

Classroom Assessment Strategies

Filters