Question 1

Which one of the following would Piaget be least likely to advocate for elementary school children?

Accepted Answer

A) Discussions with classmates 
B) Field trips to hands-on science museums 
C) Laboratory-type experiences with concrete objects 
D) Lectures that describe simple abstract scientific concepts 
A) Discussions with classmates 
B) Field trips to hands-on science museums 
C) Laboratory-type experiences with concrete objects 
D) Lectures that describe simple abstract scientific concepts D

Question 2

Three of the following strategies should be effective in working with English language learners.Which one is unlikely to be effective?

Accepted Answer

A) Especially in the early years of English instruction, speak more slowly and clearly than you might otherwise. 
B) Teach reading skills almost exclusively by using books written in English rather than in students' native language. 
C) When teaching academic subject matter, make a very gradual transition from students' native language to English-perhaps a transition that takes 5 to 7 years to complete. 
D) When students work in small, cooperative groups, encourage them to use their native language if doing so helps them communicate with one another more effectively. 
A) Especially in the early years of English instruction, speak more slowly and clearly than you might otherwise. 
B) Teach reading skills almost exclusively by using books written in English rather than in students' native language. 
C) When teaching academic subject matter, make a very gradual transition from students' native language to English-perhaps a transition that takes 5 to 7 years to complete. 
D) When students work in small, cooperative groups, encourage them to use their native language if doing so helps them communicate with one another more effectively. B

Question 3

Vygotsky proposed that thought and language are:

Accepted Answer

A) Closely connected at all stages of life 
B) Largely independent before age two but closely connected thereafter 
C) Closely connected early in life but become increasingly independent with age 
D) Largely independent until the elementary school years and closely connected thereafter 
A) Closely connected at all stages of life 
B) Largely independent before age two but closely connected thereafter 
C) Closely connected early in life but become increasingly independent with age 
D) Largely independent until the elementary school years and closely connected thereafter B

Question 4

Students in a fourth-grade reading group are reading a passage about snakes.Their teacher asks, "Who can think of a good title that summarizes what this passage is about?" After hearing several good suggestions, the teacher says, "The author says that snakes are helpful to farmers.What evidence does she give to support her statement?" If we consider Vygotsky's concept of internalization, we might predict that such a discussion will:

Accepted Answer

A) Be more beneficial for students who are working outside their zones of proximal development than for students working inside their ZPDs 
B) Help students develop a greater interest in learning for its own sake 
C) Help students develop effective reading comprehension strategies 
D) Be confusing and counterproductive for students who are not yet capable of abstract thought 
E) g., summarizing, looking for supporting statements) 
A) Be more beneficial for students who are working outside their zones of proximal development than for students working inside their ZPDs 
B) Help students develop a greater interest in learning for its own sake 
C) Help students develop effective reading comprehension strategies 
D) Be confusing and counterproductive for students who are not yet capable of abstract thought 
E) g., summarizing, looking for supporting statements)

Question 5

Which one of the following best describes Piaget's notion of equilibration?

Accepted Answer

A) A child assimilates without accommodating. 
B) A child accommodates without assimilating. 
C) A child doesn't encounter any new or challenging ideas. 
D) A child revises existing schemes to incorporate new information. 
A) A child assimilates without accommodating. 
B) A child accommodates without assimilating. 
C) A child doesn't encounter any new or challenging ideas. 
D) A child revises existing schemes to incorporate new information.

Question 6

One thing that children in Piaget's formal operations stage can do, but children in the concrete operations stage cannot do, is:

Accepted Answer

A) Distinguish between their own feelings and those of others 
B) Consider someone else's perspective on an issue 
C) Recognize that amount of liquid stays the same even when it's poured into a differently shaped container 
D) Reason logically about strictly hypothetical situations 
A) Distinguish between their own feelings and those of others 
B) Consider someone else's perspective on an issue 
C) Recognize that amount of liquid stays the same even when it's poured into a differently shaped container 
D) Reason logically about strictly hypothetical situations

Question 7

Sociocultural theory suggests that with development, children acquire many cognitive tools of their culture.Which teacher is most clearly applying this idea?

Accepted Answer

A) Mr.Shaw reminds his students that he will let them go to lunch only after they've put away their art supplies. 
B) Ms.Turiel shows students how to graph their research results so that they can more easily see trends in the data. 
C) Ms.Norquist smiles to show her approval when students listen quietly and politely during a guest speaker's visit. 
D) Mr.Cabot demonstrates how to use a paper cutter safely. 
A) Mr.Shaw reminds his students that he will let them go to lunch only after they've put away their art supplies. 
B) Ms.Turiel shows students how to graph their research results so that they can more easily see trends in the data. 
C) Ms.Norquist smiles to show her approval when students listen quietly and politely during a guest speaker's visit. 
D) Mr.Cabot demonstrates how to use a paper cutter safely.

Question 8

Which one of the following is the best example of a cognitive tool?

Accepted Answer

A) Use of natural lighting in a studio art class 
B) A jigsaw in a woodworking class 
C) Use of country-western music in a step-aerobics class 
D) The concept of pi π)in a geometry class 
A) Use of natural lighting in a studio art class 
B) A jigsaw in a woodworking class 
C) Use of country-western music in a step-aerobics class 
D) The concept of pi π)in a geometry class

Question 9

Louis receives a new soccer ball and begins to dribble it in the same way he dribbles his basketball.His dribbling of the new ball reflects Piaget's concept of:

Accepted Answer

A) Assimilation 
B) Equilibration 
C) Accommodation 
D) Concrete operations 
A) Assimilation 
B) Equilibration 
C) Accommodation 
D) Concrete operations

Question 10

Which one of the following best describes our current knowledge about the brain and learning?

Accepted Answer

A) We know that learning is often associated with the formation of new synapses. 
B) We know that the brain reaches adult levels of maturity at puberty, enabling young adolescents to think and learn as effectively as adults do. 
C) We know that "left-brained" individuals are, on average, more effective learners than "right-brained" individuals. 
D) We know that the cortexes of rapid learners are about 20% larger than the cortexes of slow learners. 
A) We know that learning is often associated with the formation of new synapses. 
B) We know that the brain reaches adult levels of maturity at puberty, enabling young adolescents to think and learn as effectively as adults do. 
C) We know that "left-brained" individuals are, on average, more effective learners than "right-brained" individuals. 
D) We know that the cortexes of rapid learners are about 20% larger than the cortexes of slow learners.

Question 11

Choose the statement below that most accurately reflects research findings concerning Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A) The order in which various logical thinking capabilities emerge is consistent with the sequence that Piaget proposed. 
B) Preoperational egocentrism continues to be common even in the upper elementary grades. 
C) Concrete operational thinking abilities, such as conservation and class inclusion, develop later than Piaget believed. 
D) Formal operational thinking abilities, such as the ability to think and reason about abstract and hypothetical ideas, begin to emerge in the preschool years. 
A) The order in which various logical thinking capabilities emerge is consistent with the sequence that Piaget proposed. 
B) Preoperational egocentrism continues to be common even in the upper elementary grades. 
C) Concrete operational thinking abilities, such as conservation and class inclusion, develop later than Piaget believed. 
D) Formal operational thinking abilities, such as the ability to think and reason about abstract and hypothetical ideas, begin to emerge in the preschool years.

Question 12

In which one of the following situations should we be most concerned about the possibility of subtractive bilingualism?

Accepted Answer

A) Ten-year-old Apsara's father grew up in Canada, whereas her mother grew up in Thailand.The family now lives in the United States.At home Dad almost always speaks English, but Mom often speaks Thai. 
B) Twelve-year-old Coshaun lives in an inner-city neighborhood where most of his peers speak a dialect of English very different from that used at school. 
C) Eight-year-old Michelle has a specific language impairment that makes it difficult for her to understand other people's speech. 
D) After being adopted by American parents, 6-year-old Antoni moves from Poland to Chicago.His new parents don't know Polish, and he now attends an English- speaking school. 
A) Ten-year-old Apsara's father grew up in Canada, whereas her mother grew up in Thailand.The family now lives in the United States.At home Dad almost always speaks English, but Mom often speaks Thai. 
B) Twelve-year-old Coshaun lives in an inner-city neighborhood where most of his peers speak a dialect of English very different from that used at school. 
C) Eight-year-old Michelle has a specific language impairment that makes it difficult for her to understand other people's speech. 
D) After being adopted by American parents, 6-year-old Antoni moves from Poland to Chicago.His new parents don't know Polish, and he now attends an English- speaking school.

Question 13

Mr.Johnson teaches a class of twenty 8-year-old third graders.His goal for the upcoming school year is to help at least 50% of his students reach formal operations.From the perspective of Piaget's theory, we would expect that Mr.Johnson's goal is:

Accepted Answer

A) An easy one to attain 
B) Almost impossible to attain 
C) Attainable only if he emphasizes abstract reasoning throughout the school year 
D) Attainable only if his students have had enriching educational experiences throughout their early lives 
A) An easy one to attain 
B) Almost impossible to attain 
C) Attainable only if he emphasizes abstract reasoning throughout the school year 
D) Attainable only if his students have had enriching educational experiences throughout their early lives

Question 14

Which one of the following strategies is most likely to help students learn from a discovery learning activity?

Accepted Answer

A) Making sure students always remain in equilibrium 
B) Providing some structure to guide students' explorations 
C) Providing an abstract overview of the discovery session ahead of time 
D) Encouraging students to interpret their observations in ways that confirm their initial expectations 
A) Making sure students always remain in equilibrium 
B) Providing some structure to guide students' explorations 
C) Providing an abstract overview of the discovery session ahead of time 
D) Encouraging students to interpret their observations in ways that confirm their initial expectations

Question 15

Imagine you are a third-grade teacher.Considering Piaget's theory of cognitive development, you should expect most or all of your students to exhibit thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) preoperational 
B) formal operational 
C) sensorimotor 
D) concrete operational 
A) preoperational 
B) formal operational 
C) sensorimotor 
D) concrete operational

Question 16

Three of the following aspects of language development typically appear during the elementary school years or even earlier.Which one are we not likely to see until students are in junior high or high school?

Accepted Answer

A) Some adherence to social conventions for beginning and ending conversations 
B) Correct pronunciations of all sounds in one's native language 
C) Playful use of words in jokes 
D) Ability to detect subtle sarcasm 
A) Some adherence to social conventions for beginning and ending conversations 
B) Correct pronunciations of all sounds in one's native language 
C) Playful use of words in jokes 
D) Ability to detect subtle sarcasm

Question 17

As children grow older, many of their neurons begin to transmit messages more rapidly than they did in the early years of life, thanks to:

Accepted Answer

A) Increasing dominance of one brain hemisphere over the other 
B) Synaptogenesis 
C) Myelination 
D) Greater variety of neurotransmitters 
A) Increasing dominance of one brain hemisphere over the other 
B) Synaptogenesis 
C) Myelination 
D) Greater variety of neurotransmitters

Question 18

Which one of the following statements best illustrates a universal in development as developmentalists define the term?

Accepted Answer

A) Piaget proposed that formal operational thought is characterized by an ability to think abstractly about a wide variety of topics. 
B) Contemporary theorists have derived the concept of cognitive apprenticeship from Vygotsky's theory of development. 
C) Young children show similar patterns in their language development regardless of the specific language that they learn. 
D) Piaget neglected to consider the influence of prior knowledge and experience on children's ability to think logically. 
A) Piaget proposed that formal operational thought is characterized by an ability to think abstractly about a wide variety of topics. 
B) Contemporary theorists have derived the concept of cognitive apprenticeship from Vygotsky's theory of development. 
C) Young children show similar patterns in their language development regardless of the specific language that they learn. 
D) Piaget neglected to consider the influence of prior knowledge and experience on children's ability to think logically.

Question 19

Marcy is given her choice of two identical chocolate bars, one of which has been broken into four pieces.Marcy chooses the broken candy bar, believing that it has more candy.From the perspective of Piaget's theory, Marcy is showing a lack of , indicating that she has not yet completed the transition to the stage of development.

Accepted Answer

A) proportional reasoning; concrete operations 
B) proportional reasoning; formal operations 
C) conservation; concrete operations 
D) conservation; formal operations 
A) proportional reasoning; concrete operations 
B) proportional reasoning; formal operations 
C) conservation; concrete operations 
D) conservation; formal operations

Question 20

Piaget spoke of egocentrism in both the thought and speech of the preoperational child.Three of the following are examples of preoperational egocentrism as Piaget defined it.Which one is not?

Accepted Answer

A) Justin is constantly grabbing objects and pulling them toward himself. 
B) Kate cannot understand or answer the question, "How do you think Molly feels?" 
C) Isabel cannot understand why she must share classroom equipment with others. 
D) Lois tells a story as if her listeners already know many details they can't possibly know. 
A) Justin is constantly grabbing objects and pulling them toward himself. 
B) Kate cannot understand or answer the question, "How do you think Molly feels?" 
C) Isabel cannot understand why she must share classroom equipment with others. 
D) Lois tells a story as if her listeners already know many details they can't possibly know.

Which one of the following would Piaget be least likely to advocate for elementary school children?

Three of the following strategies should be effective in working with English language learners.Which one is unlikely to be effective?

Vygotsky proposed that thought and language are:

Which one of the following best describes Piaget's notion of equilibration?

One thing that children in Piaget's formal operations stage can do, but children in the concrete operations stage cannot do, is:

Sociocultural theory suggests that with development, children acquire many cognitive tools of their culture.Which teacher is most clearly applying this idea?

Which one of the following is the best example of a cognitive tool?

Louis receives a new soccer ball and begins to dribble it in the same way he dribbles his basketball.His dribbling of the new ball reflects Piaget's concept of:

Which one of the following best describes our current knowledge about the brain and learning?

Choose the statement below that most accurately reflects research findings concerning Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

In which one of the following situations should we be most concerned about the possibility of subtractive bilingualism?

Mr.Johnson teaches a class of twenty 8-year-old third graders.His goal for the upcoming school year is to help at least 50% of his students reach formal operations.From the perspective of Piaget's theory, we would expect that Mr.Johnson's goal is:

Which one of the following strategies is most likely to help students learn from a discovery learning activity?

Imagine you are a third-grade teacher.Considering Piaget's theory of cognitive development, you should expect most or all of your students to exhibit thinking.

Three of the following aspects of language development typically appear during the elementary school years or even earlier.Which one are we not likely to see until students are in junior high or high school?

As children grow older, many of their neurons begin to transmit messages more rapidly than they did in the early years of life, thanks to:

Which one of the following statements best illustrates a universal in development as developmentalists define the term?

Piaget spoke of egocentrism in both the thought and speech of the preoperational child.Three of the following are examples of preoperational egocentrism as Piaget defined it.Which one is not?

Teaching and Educational Psychology

Personal and Social Development

Group Differences

Individual Differences and Special Educational Needs

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Knowledge Construction

Complex Cognitive Processes

Behaviorist Views of Learning

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation and Affect

Instructional Strategies

Creating a Productive Learning Environment

Classroom Assessment Strategies

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Exam 2: Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Which one of the following would Piaget be least likely to advocate for elementary school children?

Three of the following strategies should be effective in working with English language learners.Which one is unlikely to be effective?

Vygotsky proposed that thought and language are:

Which one of the following best describes Piaget's notion of equilibration?

One thing that children in Piaget's formal operations stage can do, but children in the concrete operations stage cannot do, is:

Sociocultural theory suggests that with development, children acquire many cognitive tools of their culture.Which teacher is most clearly applying this idea?

Which one of the following is the best example of a cognitive tool?

Louis receives a new soccer ball and begins to dribble it in the same way he dribbles his basketball.His dribbling of the new ball reflects Piaget's concept of:

Which one of the following best describes our current knowledge about the brain and learning?

Choose the statement below that most accurately reflects research findings concerning Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

In which one of the following situations should we be most concerned about the possibility of subtractive bilingualism?

Mr.Johnson teaches a class of twenty 8-year-old third graders.His goal for the upcoming school year is to help at least 50% of his students reach formal operations.From the perspective of Piaget's theory, we would expect that Mr.Johnson's goal is:

Which one of the following strategies is most likely to help students learn from a discovery learning activity?

Imagine you are a third-grade teacher.Considering Piaget's theory of cognitive development, you should expect most or all of your students to exhibit thinking.

Three of the following aspects of language development typically appear during the elementary school years or even earlier.Which one are we not likely to see until students are in junior high or high school?

As children grow older, many of their neurons begin to transmit messages more rapidly than they did in the early years of life, thanks to:

Which one of the following statements best illustrates a universal in development as developmentalists define the term?

Piaget spoke of egocentrism in both the thought and speech of the preoperational child.Three of the following are examples of preoperational egocentrism as Piaget defined it.Which one is not?

Teaching and Educational Psychology

Personal and Social Development

Group Differences

Individual Differences and Special Educational Needs

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Knowledge Construction

Complex Cognitive Processes

Behaviorist Views of Learning

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation and Affect

Instructional Strategies

Creating a Productive Learning Environment

Classroom Assessment Strategies

Filters