Question 1

Three of the following are accurate statements about factors that affect transfer.Which statement is inaccurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have learned it in a meaningful, rather than rote, fashion. 
B) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have studied it for a lengthy period of time. 
C) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they see it as "belonging" to a particular academic subject area. 
D) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have learned general principles rather than specific facts. 
A) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have learned it in a meaningful, rather than rote, fashion. 
B) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have studied it for a lengthy period of time. 
C) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they see it as "belonging" to a particular academic subject area. 
D) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have learned general principles rather than specific facts. C

Question 2

Three of the following teaching strategies should promote critical thinking.Which strategy, although beneficial in other ways, will not necessarily promote critical thinking skills?

Accepted Answer

A) Portray the sciences and social sciences as disciplines that will evolve as new evidence comes in. 
B) Have students relate new information to things they already know about the world. 
C) Have students debate a controversial issue by taking a perspective in direct opposition to what they actually believe. 
D) Ask students to read a persuasive essay and look for possible flaws in the author's line of reasoning. 
A) Portray the sciences and social sciences as disciplines that will evolve as new evidence comes in. 
B) Have students relate new information to things they already know about the world. 
C) Have students debate a controversial issue by taking a perspective in direct opposition to what they actually believe. 
D) Ask students to read a persuasive essay and look for possible flaws in the author's line of reasoning. B

Question 3

Considering factors that affect transfer, identify the group of students most likely to transfer what their class is studying.

Accepted Answer

A) Students in Mr.Allen's geography class are studying several countries this week, memorizing the locations of each one's major rivers and cities. 
B) Students in Ms.Elbert's music class are studying major chords in different keys this semester, practicing each one over and over again in different songs. 
C) Students in Mr.Ivy's science class are studying the characteristics of mammals and reptiles this week. 
D) Students in Ms.Martin's social studies class are studying major events in the history of Mexico this month, beginning with the Aztec empire and continuing until the present time. 
A) Students in Mr.Allen's geography class are studying several countries this week, memorizing the locations of each one's major rivers and cities. 
B) Students in Ms.Elbert's music class are studying major chords in different keys this semester, practicing each one over and over again in different songs. 
C) Students in Mr.Ivy's science class are studying the characteristics of mammals and reptiles this week. 
D) Students in Ms.Martin's social studies class are studying major events in the history of Mexico this month, beginning with the Aztec empire and continuing until the present time. B

Question 4

Which one of the following teachers is obviously keeping the notion of situated learning in mind as he or she helps students transfer what they are learning in school?

Accepted Answer

A) Ms.Sporer asks her students to speculate about what might have happened if the Europeans had not "discovered" the New World until the 1800s. 
B) Mr.Gerberg takes his middle school math students to the grocery store so that they can use their math skills to do some comparison shopping. 
C) Mr.Mendoza makes sure that each one of the students in his instrumental music class knows the difference between the treble and bass clefs. 
D) Ms.Sabih gives each of her elementary art students a hunk of clay and then says, "I'd like you to mold your clay into a mythical creature of some kind-into an animal that no one has ever seen before." 
A) Ms.Sporer asks her students to speculate about what might have happened if the Europeans had not "discovered" the New World until the 1800s. 
B) Mr.Gerberg takes his middle school math students to the grocery store so that they can use their math skills to do some comparison shopping. 
C) Mr.Mendoza makes sure that each one of the students in his instrumental music class knows the difference between the treble and bass clefs. 
D) Ms.Sabih gives each of her elementary art students a hunk of clay and then says, "I'd like you to mold your clay into a mythical creature of some kind-into an animal that no one has ever seen before."

Question 5

Only one of the following statements about children with special needs is true.Which one is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Because they learn so quickly, children who are gifted rarely use effective study strategies. 
B) Some students with social or behavioral problems have few effective strategies to help them learn academic subject matter. 
C) Students who show significant delays in general cognitive development also show delays in metacognitive development. 
D) Students with learning disabilities often benefit from explicit instruction about effective learning strategies. 
A) Because they learn so quickly, children who are gifted rarely use effective study strategies. 
B) Some students with social or behavioral problems have few effective strategies to help them learn academic subject matter. 
C) Students who show significant delays in general cognitive development also show delays in metacognitive development. 
D) Students with learning disabilities often benefit from explicit instruction about effective learning strategies.

Question 6

As a teacher, you are concerned that many of your students are learning less than they think they are learning as they read the textbook.Your best strategy would be to:

Accepted Answer

A) Have them underline or highlight at least 50% of what they read. 
B) Instruct them to read the book two or three times instead of just once. 
C) Suggest questions that they can ask themselves as they read. 
D) Ask them to copy difficult-to-understand sentences in their notebooks. 
A) Have them underline or highlight at least 50% of what they read. 
B) Instruct them to read the book two or three times instead of just once. 
C) Suggest questions that they can ask themselves as they read. 
D) Ask them to copy difficult-to-understand sentences in their notebooks.

Question 7

Which one of the following alternatives most clearly illustrates general transfer rather than specific transfer?

Accepted Answer

A) The skills Arnold has developed as a marathon runner help him later in life when he jogs for exercise. 
B) Brian has learned study skills in his sociology class that he also finds useful in his nutrition class. 
C) Conway's knowledge of addition and subtraction helps him balance his checkbook. 
D) David's knowledge of the human digestive system helps him understand the digestive system of an earthworm. 
A) The skills Arnold has developed as a marathon runner help him later in life when he jogs for exercise. 
B) Brian has learned study skills in his sociology class that he also finds useful in his nutrition class. 
C) Conway's knowledge of addition and subtraction helps him balance his checkbook. 
D) David's knowledge of the human digestive system helps him understand the digestive system of an earthworm.

Question 8

Meshawn is thinking about the many different ways in which the concept of a lever might be applied to everyday problems.Meshawn is exhibiting:

Accepted Answer

A) Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence 
B) Situated cognition 
C) Convergent thinking 
D) Divergent thinking 
A) Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence 
B) Situated cognition 
C) Convergent thinking 
D) Divergent thinking

Question 9

Given research on effective study skills, which one of the following pieces of advice should you not give to a struggling student?

Accepted Answer

A) "Identify the main ideas in what you're reading." 
B) "Write a brief summary of what you've learned." 
C) "Take notes on a lecture only after it's over." 
D) "Test yourself on what you've read." 
A) "Identify the main ideas in what you're reading." 
B) "Write a brief summary of what you've learned." 
C) "Take notes on a lecture only after it's over." 
D) "Test yourself on what you've read."

Question 10

Which one of the following statements characterizes a well-defined problem?

Accepted Answer

A) It has a clear goal. 
B) It can be solved only by a heuristic. 
C) It has several possible correct solutions. 
D) It is missing information that is necessary for solving the problem. 
A) It has a clear goal. 
B) It can be solved only by a heuristic. 
C) It has several possible correct solutions. 
D) It is missing information that is necessary for solving the problem.

Question 11

Research indicates that instruction about learning and study strategies is most likely to be effective when:

Accepted Answer

A) Students focus on learning one specific study strategy 
B) Students understand why certain study techniques are helpful 
C) Students practice strategies independently rather than in collaboration with peers 
D) Students focus on learning facts rather than on developing higher-level cognitive processes 
A) Students focus on learning one specific study strategy 
B) Students understand why certain study techniques are helpful 
C) Students practice strategies independently rather than in collaboration with peers 
D) Students focus on learning facts rather than on developing higher-level cognitive processes

Question 12

Which one of the following are students least likely to get in a typical classroom?

Accepted Answer

A) Instruction in how to use a particular algorithm 
B) The knowledge they need to solve a problem 
C) Lots of practice solving ill-defined problems 
D) Lots of practice solving well-defined problems 
A) Instruction in how to use a particular algorithm 
B) The knowledge they need to solve a problem 
C) Lots of practice solving ill-defined problems 
D) Lots of practice solving well-defined problems

Question 13

Calvin is 7 years old and in second grade.Given children's typical metacognitive abilities at different age levels, which one of the following is most likely to be true of Calvin?

Accepted Answer

A) He recognizes that learning is an active, constructive process. 
B) He realizes that mastering a topic might take him considerable time and practice. 
C) He is overly optimistic about how much he can learn and remember in a short time period. 
D) He believes that people's conflicting opinions about a topic may all be "right" to some degree. 
A) He recognizes that learning is an active, constructive process. 
B) He realizes that mastering a topic might take him considerable time and practice. 
C) He is overly optimistic about how much he can learn and remember in a short time period. 
D) He believes that people's conflicting opinions about a topic may all be "right" to some degree.

Question 14

Which one of the following classes is most likely to foster students' creativity?

Accepted Answer

A) Mr.Lester's class, where students are allowed to dabble freely in whatever subject area they want during a ten-minute "creativity break" at the end of each school day. 
B) Ms.Patrick's class, where students are drilled until they memorize specific facts word for word. 
C) Ms.Francisco's class, where students are expected to perform quickly yet creatively in order to get a good grade. 
D) Mr.Logan's class, where students are allowed to spend a 45-minute block of time every week experimenting with the artistic medium of their choice. 
A) Mr.Lester's class, where students are allowed to dabble freely in whatever subject area they want during a ten-minute "creativity break" at the end of each school day. 
B) Ms.Patrick's class, where students are drilled until they memorize specific facts word for word. 
C) Ms.Francisco's class, where students are expected to perform quickly yet creatively in order to get a good grade. 
D) Mr.Logan's class, where students are allowed to spend a 45-minute block of time every week experimenting with the artistic medium of their choice.

Question 15

Which one of the following best describes a classroom that has a culture of transfer?

Accepted Answer

A) Teacher and students regularly look for ways to apply what they're studying. 
B) The teacher encourages students to share their study strategies with one another. 
C) Students from diverse backgrounds meet in small groups to brainstorm potential solutions to social problems. 
D) Classroom topics are portrayed as complex bodies of information rather than as collections of discrete facts. 
A) Teacher and students regularly look for ways to apply what they're studying. 
B) The teacher encourages students to share their study strategies with one another. 
C) Students from diverse backgrounds meet in small groups to brainstorm potential solutions to social problems. 
D) Classroom topics are portrayed as complex bodies of information rather than as collections of discrete facts.

Question 16

In which one of the following examples is metacognition most clearly illustrated?

Accepted Answer

A) Mary knows all the letters of the alphabet before she begins kindergarten. 
B) Fran knows how much of a book she is likely to remember a month later. 
C) At age 6, Billy can read fourth-grade-level books. 
D) Alex has a photographic memory that enables him to remember almost everything he sees. 
A) Mary knows all the letters of the alphabet before she begins kindergarten. 
B) Fran knows how much of a book she is likely to remember a month later. 
C) At age 6, Billy can read fourth-grade-level books. 
D) Alex has a photographic memory that enables him to remember almost everything he sees.

Question 17

Three of the following are accurate statements about how higher-level cognitive processes might be different among students with diverse backgrounds and abilities.Which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Students who have been brought up in a culture that encourages respect for elders are less likely to engage in critical thinking. 
B) On average, students with learning disabilities have more difficulty with academic problem-solving tasks than their nondisabled peers. 
C) Students with mental retardation tend to have trouble transferring what they learn in school to new situations. 
D) Students who have consistently lived in a single culture tend to be more creative than students who have had regular exposure to two or more cultures. 
A) Students who have been brought up in a culture that encourages respect for elders are less likely to engage in critical thinking. 
B) On average, students with learning disabilities have more difficulty with academic problem-solving tasks than their nondisabled peers. 
C) Students with mental retardation tend to have trouble transferring what they learn in school to new situations. 
D) Students who have consistently lived in a single culture tend to be more creative than students who have had regular exposure to two or more cultures.

Question 18

If we want to enhance students' metacognitive processes during problem solving, we would be most likely to:

Accepted Answer

A) Ask students to use algorithms rather than heuristics to solve problems 
B) Ask students to use heuristics rather than algorithms to solve problems 
C) Suggest questions that students might ask themselves as they work on problems 
D) Encourage students to encode problems visually rather than verbally whenever possible 
A) Ask students to use algorithms rather than heuristics to solve problems 
B) Ask students to use heuristics rather than algorithms to solve problems 
C) Suggest questions that students might ask themselves as they work on problems 
D) Encourage students to encode problems visually rather than verbally whenever possible

Question 19

Imagine you are a high school principal who wants students to develop effective study strategies before they graduate.With research about effective study skills programs in mind, which one of the following approaches would be the best one to take?

Accepted Answer

A) Purchase textbooks that are about two years below students' present reading levels. 
B) Have a one-semester study skills course that all students take in ninth grade. 
C) Have a one-semester study skills course that all students take in twelfth grade. 
D) Have teachers incorporate study skills training into the specific academic courses they teach. 
A) Purchase textbooks that are about two years below students' present reading levels. 
B) Have a one-semester study skills course that all students take in ninth grade. 
C) Have a one-semester study skills course that all students take in twelfth grade. 
D) Have teachers incorporate study skills training into the specific academic courses they teach.

Question 20

A higher-level question asks students to respond in which one of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A) To develop an answer not specifically provided in class 
B) To recall information from more advanced classes 
C) To recall information learned several years ago 
D) To engage in both positive and negative transfer 
A) To develop an answer not specifically provided in class 
B) To recall information from more advanced classes 
C) To recall information learned several years ago 
D) To engage in both positive and negative transfer

Three of the following are accurate statements about factors that affect transfer.Which statement is inaccurate?

Three of the following teaching strategies should promote critical thinking.Which strategy, although beneficial in other ways, will not necessarily promote critical thinking skills?

Considering factors that affect transfer, identify the group of students most likely to transfer what their class is studying.

Which one of the following teachers is obviously keeping the notion of situated learning in mind as he or she helps students transfer what they are learning in school?

Only one of the following statements about children with special needs is true.Which one is false?

As a teacher, you are concerned that many of your students are learning less than they think they are learning as they read the textbook.Your best strategy would be to:

Which one of the following alternatives most clearly illustrates general transfer rather than specific transfer?

Meshawn is thinking about the many different ways in which the concept of a lever might be applied to everyday problems.Meshawn is exhibiting:

Given research on effective study skills, which one of the following pieces of advice should you not give to a struggling student?

Which one of the following statements characterizes a well-defined problem?

Research indicates that instruction about learning and study strategies is most likely to be effective when:

Which one of the following are students least likely to get in a typical classroom?

Calvin is 7 years old and in second grade.Given children's typical metacognitive abilities at different age levels, which one of the following is most likely to be true of Calvin?

Which one of the following classes is most likely to foster students' creativity?

Which one of the following best describes a classroom that has a culture of transfer?

In which one of the following examples is metacognition most clearly illustrated?

Three of the following are accurate statements about how higher-level cognitive processes might be different among students with diverse backgrounds and abilities.Which statement is false?

If we want to enhance students' metacognitive processes during problem solving, we would be most likely to:

Imagine you are a high school principal who wants students to develop effective study strategies before they graduate.With research about effective study skills programs in mind, which one of the following approaches would be the best one to take?

A higher-level question asks students to respond in which one of the following ways?

Teaching and Educational Psychology

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal and Social Development

Group Differences

Individual Differences and Special Educational Needs

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Knowledge Construction

Behaviorist Views of Learning

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation and Affect

Instructional Strategies

Creating a Productive Learning Environment

Classroom Assessment Strategies

Filters

Exam 8: Complex Cognitive Processes

Three of the following are accurate statements about factors that affect transfer.Which statement is inaccurate?

Three of the following teaching strategies should promote critical thinking.Which strategy, although beneficial in other ways, will not necessarily promote critical thinking skills?

Considering factors that affect transfer, identify the group of students most likely to transfer what their class is studying.

Which one of the following teachers is obviously keeping the notion of situated learning in mind as he or she helps students transfer what they are learning in school?

Only one of the following statements about children with special needs is true.Which one is false?

As a teacher, you are concerned that many of your students are learning less than they think they are learning as they read the textbook.Your best strategy would be to:

Which one of the following alternatives most clearly illustrates general transfer rather than specific transfer?

Meshawn is thinking about the many different ways in which the concept of a lever might be applied to everyday problems.Meshawn is exhibiting:

Given research on effective study skills, which one of the following pieces of advice should you not give to a struggling student?

Which one of the following statements characterizes a well-defined problem?

Research indicates that instruction about learning and study strategies is most likely to be effective when:

Which one of the following are students least likely to get in a typical classroom?

Calvin is 7 years old and in second grade.Given children's typical metacognitive abilities at different age levels, which one of the following is most likely to be true of Calvin?

Which one of the following classes is most likely to foster students' creativity?

Which one of the following best describes a classroom that has a culture of transfer?

In which one of the following examples is metacognition most clearly illustrated?

Three of the following are accurate statements about how higher-level cognitive processes might be different among students with diverse backgrounds and abilities.Which statement is false?

If we want to enhance students' metacognitive processes during problem solving, we would be most likely to:

Imagine you are a high school principal who wants students to develop effective study strategies before they graduate.With research about effective study skills programs in mind, which one of the following approaches would be the best one to take?

A higher-level question asks students to respond in which one of the following ways?

Teaching and Educational Psychology

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal and Social Development

Group Differences

Individual Differences and Special Educational Needs

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Knowledge Construction

Behaviorist Views of Learning

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation and Affect

Instructional Strategies

Creating a Productive Learning Environment

Classroom Assessment Strategies

Filters