Question 1

The secretion of PYY _________ hunger and the secretion of orexin ________ hunger.

Accepted Answer

A) increases; decreases 
B) decreases; increases 
C) increases; increases 
D) decreases; decreases 
A) increases; decreases 
B) decreases; increases 
C) increases; increases 
D) decreases; decreases B

Question 2

A starving rat will lose all interest in food if its ________ is destroyed.

Accepted Answer

A) lateral thalamus 
B) ventromedial thalamus 
C) lateral hypothalamus 
D) ventromedial hypothalamus 
A) lateral thalamus 
B) ventromedial thalamus 
C) lateral hypothalamus 
D) ventromedial hypothalamus C

Question 3

For a thirsty person,drinking water serves to reduce

Accepted Answer

A) a drive. 
B) an instinct. 
C) the set point. 
D) basal metabolic rate. 
A) a drive. 
B) an instinct. 
C) the set point. 
D) basal metabolic rate. A

Question 4

Dr. Milosz electrically stimulates the lateral hypothalamus of a well-fed laboratory rat. This procedure is likely to

Accepted Answer

A) cause the rat to begin eating. 
B) decrease the rat's basal metabolic rate. 
C) facilitate conversion of the rat's blood glucose to fat. 
D) permanently lower the rat's set point. 
A) cause the rat to begin eating. 
B) decrease the rat's basal metabolic rate. 
C) facilitate conversion of the rat's blood glucose to fat. 
D) permanently lower the rat's set point.

Question 5

Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who ________ value thinness and have the ________ body dissatisfaction.

Accepted Answer

A) least; least 
B) most; greatest 
C) least; greatest 
D) most; least 
A) least; least 
B) most; greatest 
C) least; greatest 
D) most; least

Question 6

The arousal theory of motivation would be most useful for understanding the aversive effects of

Accepted Answer

A) the need to belong. 
B) sexual disorders. 
C) hunger. 
D) boredom. 
A) the need to belong. 
B) sexual disorders. 
C) hunger. 
D) boredom.

Question 7

Mr. Porter believes that aggression is an unlearned behavior characteristic of all children. He obviously believes that aggression is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) incentive. 
B) homeostatic mechanism. 
C) instinct. 
D) drive. 
A) incentive. 
B) homeostatic mechanism. 
C) instinct. 
D) drive.

Question 8

(Close-Up)Kathy has been undergoing treatment for bulimia. There is an above-average probability that one or more members of Kathy's family have a problem with

Accepted Answer

A) high achievement. 
B) overprotection. 
C) obesity. 
D) all of these characteristics. 
A) high achievement. 
B) overprotection. 
C) obesity. 
D) all of these characteristics.

Question 9

When an organism's weight rises above its set point,the organism is likely to experience a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) decrease in both hunger and basal metabolic rate. 
B) increase in hunger and a decrease in basal metabolic rate. 
C) decrease in hunger and an increase in basal metabolic rate. 
D) increase in both hunger and basal metabolic rate. 
A) decrease in both hunger and basal metabolic rate. 
B) increase in hunger and a decrease in basal metabolic rate. 
C) decrease in hunger and an increase in basal metabolic rate. 
D) increase in both hunger and basal metabolic rate.

Question 10

I am a protein produced by fat cells and monitored by the hypothalamus. When in abundance,I cause the brain to increase metabolism. What am I?

Accepted Answer

A) PYY 
B) ghrelin 
C) orexin 
D) leptin 
A) PYY 
B) ghrelin 
C) orexin 
D) leptin

Question 11

An aroused,motivated state that is often triggered by a physiological need is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) instinct. 
B) incentive. 
C) drive. 
D) set point. 
A) instinct. 
B) incentive. 
C) drive. 
D) set point.

Question 12

Research on obesity indicates that

Accepted Answer

A) pound for pound,fat tissue requires more calories to maintain than lean tissue. 
B) once fat cells are acquired they are never lost,no matter how rigorously one diets. 
C) one pound of weight is lost for every 3500-calorie reduction in diet. 
D) when weight drops below the set point,hunger and metabolism also decrease. 
A) pound for pound,fat tissue requires more calories to maintain than lean tissue. 
B) once fat cells are acquired they are never lost,no matter how rigorously one diets. 
C) one pound of weight is lost for every 3500-calorie reduction in diet. 
D) when weight drops below the set point,hunger and metabolism also decrease.

Question 13

Hunger is increased by ________; it is decreased by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a high ghrelin level; a low orexin level 
B) stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus; stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus 
C) a low orexin level; a high ghrelin level 
D) stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus; stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus 
A) a high ghrelin level; a low orexin level 
B) stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus; stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus 
C) a low orexin level; a high ghrelin level 
D) stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus; stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus

Question 14

Psychologists have used four perspectives in their efforts to explain motivation. These include an emphasis on instincts,optimum arousal,a hierarchy of motives,and

Accepted Answer

A) drive reduction. 
B) self-transcendence. 
C) neuroscience. 
D) basal metabolic rate. 
A) drive reduction. 
B) self-transcendence. 
C) neuroscience. 
D) basal metabolic rate.

Question 15

One shortcoming of the instinct theory of motivation is that it

Accepted Answer

A) places too much emphasis on environmental factors. 
B) focuses on cognitive aspects of motivation. 
C) applies only to animal behavior. 
D) does not explain human behaviors; it simply names them. 
A) places too much emphasis on environmental factors. 
B) focuses on cognitive aspects of motivation. 
C) applies only to animal behavior. 
D) does not explain human behaviors; it simply names them.

Question 16

According to researchers,which of the following would be the BEST advice or encouragement to offer someone who wants to lose excess weight?

Accepted Answer

A) "Avoid complex carbohydrates like potatoes and pasta." 
B) "Reduce your weight gradually over a period of several months." 
C) "Your self-esteem will increase dramatically if you can successfully lose weight." 
D) "Once you lose your excess weight,you will experience a big reduction in your appetite for food." 
A) "Avoid complex carbohydrates like potatoes and pasta." 
B) "Reduce your weight gradually over a period of several months." 
C) "Your self-esteem will increase dramatically if you can successfully lose weight." 
D) "Once you lose your excess weight,you will experience a big reduction in your appetite for food."

Question 17

The text suggests that a neophobia for unfamiliar tastes

Accepted Answer

A) is more common in children than in adults. 
B) protected our ancestors from potentially toxic substances. 
C) may be an early warning sign of an eating disorder. 
D) only grows stronger with repeated exposure to those tastes. 
A) is more common in children than in adults. 
B) protected our ancestors from potentially toxic substances. 
C) may be an early warning sign of an eating disorder. 
D) only grows stronger with repeated exposure to those tastes.

Question 18

People's dislike of novel foods best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) drive reduction. 
B) neophobia. 
C) homeostasis. 
D) anorexia nervosa. 
A) drive reduction. 
B) neophobia. 
C) homeostasis. 
D) anorexia nervosa.

Question 19

Which theory would be most helpful for explaining why people are motivated to watch horror movies?

Accepted Answer

A) instinct theory 
B) drive-reduction theory 
C) hierarchy of needs theory 
D) arousal theory 
A) instinct theory 
B) drive-reduction theory 
C) hierarchy of needs theory 
D) arousal theory

Question 20

After spending years in the ocean,a mature salmon swims up its home river to return to its birthplace. This behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) homeostasis. 
B) a set point. 
C) an incentive. 
D) an instinct. 
A) homeostasis. 
B) a set point. 
C) an incentive. 
D) an instinct.

Exam 15: Two Routes to Persuasion

The secretion of PYY _________ hunger and the secretion of orexin ________ hunger.

A starving rat will lose all interest in food if its ________ is destroyed.

For a thirsty person,drinking water serves to reduce

Dr. Milosz electrically stimulates the lateral hypothalamus of a well-fed laboratory rat. This procedure is likely to

Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who ________ value thinness and have the ________ body dissatisfaction.

The arousal theory of motivation would be most useful for understanding the aversive effects of

Mr. Porter believes that aggression is an unlearned behavior characteristic of all children. He obviously believes that aggression is a(n)

(Close-Up)Kathy has been undergoing treatment for bulimia. There is an above-average probability that one or more members of Kathy's family have a problem with

When an organism's weight rises above its set point,the organism is likely to experience a(n)

I am a protein produced by fat cells and monitored by the hypothalamus. When in abundance,I cause the brain to increase metabolism. What am I?

An aroused,motivated state that is often triggered by a physiological need is called a(n)

Research on obesity indicates that

Hunger is increased by ________; it is decreased by ________.

Psychologists have used four perspectives in their efforts to explain motivation. These include an emphasis on instincts,optimum arousal,a hierarchy of motives,and

One shortcoming of the instinct theory of motivation is that it

According to researchers,which of the following would be the BEST advice or encouragement to offer someone who wants to lose excess weight?

The text suggests that a neophobia for unfamiliar tastes

People's dislike of novel foods best illustrates

Which theory would be most helpful for explaining why people are motivated to watch horror movies?

After spending years in the ocean,a mature salmon swims up its home river to return to its birthplace. This behavior is an example of

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Concept: Who Am I

Self-Serving Bias

Narcissism and the Limits of Self-Esteem

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition

Clinical Therapy: the Powers of Social Cognition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender,genes,and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Indoctrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Do the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Causes of Conflict

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

When Do People Help

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

The secretion of PYY _ hunger and the secretion of orexin hunger.

Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who value thinness and have the body dissatisfaction.

Hunger is increased by ; it is decreased by .