Exam 18: Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

When we use the word automobile to refer to a category of transport vehicles,we are using this word as a(n)

Rudy is 6 feet 6 inches tall,weighs 210 pounds,and is very muscular. If you think that Rudy is more likely to be a basketball player than a computer programmer,you are a victim of

A mental grouping of similar things,events,ideas,or people is called a(n)

An algorithm is a

The overconfidence phenomenon refers to the tendency to

The easier it is for people to remember an instance in which they were betrayed by a friend,the more they expect such an event to recur. This best illustrates the impact of

During his early school years,Charlie got away with copying his test answers from classmates. Because the university has test proctors who are very observant,Charlie spends as many hours devising new ways to cheat as it would take him to study and perform well in an honest fashion. Charlie's strategy for passing tests illustrates the consequences of

In attempting to find and purchase high-quality cosmetics,Megan reminds herself that the most expensive brands are the best. Megan's self-reminder illustrates the use of

On Monday,the meteorologist forecast a 20 percent chance of rain,so Sheryl took her umbrella to work. On Friday,he reported an 80 percent chance that it would not rain,so Sheryl left her umbrella at home. Sheryl's behavior illustrates the effect of

With which of the following statements will people typically agree most quickly?

Which of the following is an example of the use of heuristics?

Professor Chadwick evaluated a graduate student's research proposal negatively simply because he had heard a rumor about the student's incompetence. When later informed that the rumor had been patently false,the professor's assessment of the student's research proposal remained almost as negative as it was originally. This best illustrates

Consumers respond more positively to ground beef advertised as "75 percent lean" than to ground beef described as "25 percent fat." This illustrates that consumer reactions are influenced by

Students are more likely to choose a condom that is said to be effective when informed that it has a 95 percent success rate than when told it has a 5 percent failure rate. This best illustrates the impact of

The confirmation bias refers to the tendency to

Some people are unable to arrange six matches to form four equilateral triangles because they fail to consider a three-dimensional arrangement. This best illustrates the effects of ________ on problem solving.

Dr. Mendoza is studying the mental strategies people use when solving problems. Dr. Mendoza is clearly a(n)

Which of the following illustrates belief perseverance?

People with opposing views of capital punishment reviewed mixed evidence regarding its effectiveness as a crime deterrent. As a result,their opposing views differed more strongly than ever. This best illustrates

Boris the chess master selects his next move by considering moves that would threaten his opponent's queen. His opponent,a chess-playing computer,selects its next move by considering all possible moves. Boris is using a(n)________ and the computer is using a(n)________.