Exam 6: Memory

_______ is the retention of memory for some period of time.

Students in a psychology experiment were exposed to three nonsense syllables for a very short period of time and then asked to recall them. If the instructions to recall the syllables came immediately, the students were usually successful. If the instructions came even one second after the syllables were shown, the students were much less successful. The MOST plausible explanation for this phenomenon is that, in the latter case, _____________.

Encoding failure is often the reason some memories cannot be retrieved because they were never actually encoded in the first place.

If one wants to increase the capacity of short-term memory, more items can be held through the process of _________.

_________ is the retention of memory for some period of time.

Pezdek and colleagues found that for a person to interpret thoughts and fantasies about false events as true memories _________.

"Iconic" and "echoic" are to sensory memory as "episodic," "semantic," and "procedural" are to _______ memory.

Early studies of the capacity of short-term memory suggested that most people could remember approximately ______________ bits of information.

The concept of a house would be stored in _______.

Remembering your first day of college classes is an example of _________ memories.

Information that has been transferred out of sensory memory enters:

If one wanted to use the best method to get storage into long-term memory, one would use _________.

Memory span is _______ and is associated with _______ memory.

Declarative memories are to _________ memories as nondeclarative memories are to _________ memories.

You are surprised by the fact that you cannot remember if Abraham Lincoln's head faces the left or the right on a penny. This is all the more surprising given the fact that you work with money at your job on nearly a daily basis. What would best explain such an inability to recall this information?

When newer information interferes with the retrieval of older information, this is called proactive interference.

Someone a short distance away, to whom we have been paying no attention, quietly speaks your name, and suddenly you are attending to that conversation. This is an example of ____________.

Which of the following examples represents the shallowest processing as described by the levels of processing model?

Mateo is 70 years old and had a stroke last year. He is now unable to remember how to get to and return from his new doctor's office using a specific route. What brain structure was potentially damaged by Mateo's stroke?

The process we use to notice important stimuli and ignore irrelevant ones is ______.