Question 1

Which of the following statements is always true?

Accepted Answer

A)  −1 ≤ P(Ei) ≤ 1 
B)  P(
A)  = 1 − P(Ac) 
C)  P(
A)  + P(
B)  = 1 
D)  both P(
A)  = 1 − P(Ac) and P(
A)  + P(
B)  = 1 
A)  −1 ≤ P(Ei) ≤ 1 
B)  P(
A)  = 1 − P(Ac) 
C)  P(
A)  + P(
B)  = 1 
D)  both P(
A)  = 1 − P(Ac) and P(
A)  + P(
B)  = 1

Question 2

Given that event E has a probability of .25, the probability of the complement of event E _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot be determined with the above information 
B)  can have any value between 0 and 1 
C)  must be .75 
D)  is .25 
A)  cannot be determined with the above information 
B)  can have any value between 0 and 1 
C)  must be .75 
D)  is .25

Question 3

Bayes' theorem is used to compute _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the prior probabilities 
B)  the union of events 
C)  both the prior probabilities and the union of events 
D)  the posterior probabilities 
A)  the prior probabilities 
B)  the union of events 
C)  both the prior probabilities and the union of events 
D)  the posterior probabilities

Question 4

The range of probability is _____,

Accepted Answer

A)  any value larger than 0 
B)  any value between minus infinity to plus infinity 
C)  0 to 1, inclusive 
D)  any value between -1 to 1 
A)  any value larger than 0 
B)  any value between minus infinity to plus infinity 
C)  0 to 1, inclusive 
D)  any value between -1 to 1

Question 5

Events A and B are mutually exclusive. Which of the following statements is also true?

Accepted Answer

A)  A and B are also independent. 
B)  P(A ∪ 
B)  = P(
A) P(
B)  
C)  P(A ∪ 
B)  = P(
A)  + P(
B)  
D)  P(A ∩ 
B)  = P(
A)  + P(
B)  
A)  A and B are also independent. 
B)  P(A ∪ 
B)  = P(
A) P(
B)  
C)  P(A ∪ 
B)  = P(
A)  + P(
B)  
D)  P(A ∩ 
B)  = P(
A)  + P(
B)

Question 6

The complement of P(A | B) is _____.

Accepted Answer

Question 7

A six-sided die is rolled three times. The probability of observing a 1 three times in a row is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  1/3 
B)  1/6 
C)  1/27 
D)  1/216 
A)  1/3 
B)  1/6 
C)  1/27 
D)  1/216

Question 8

A graphical method of representing the sample points of a multiple-step experiment is a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  frequency polygon 
B)  histogram 
C)  ogive 
D)  tree diagram 
A)  frequency polygon 
B)  histogram 
C)  ogive 
D)  tree diagram

Question 9

If P(A) = .75, P(A ∪ B) = .86, and P(A ∩ B) = .56, then P(B) =

Accepted Answer

A)  .25 
B)  .67 
C)  .56 
D)  .11 
A)  .25 
B)  .67 
C)  .56 
D)  .11

Question 10

Any process that generates well-defined outcomes is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  an event 
B)  an experiment 
C)  a sample point 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  an event 
B)  an experiment 
C)  a sample point 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 11

There is a 60% chance of getting stuck in traffic when leaving the city. On two separate days, what is the probability that you get stuck in traffic both days?

Accepted Answer

A)  .36 
B)  .60 
C)  1.20 
D)  .30 
A)  .36 
B)  .60 
C)  1.20 
D)  .30

Question 12

Since the sun MUST rise tomorrow, then the probability of the sun rising tomorrow is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  much larger than 1 
B)  0 
C)  infinity 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  much larger than 1 
B)  0 
C)  infinity 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 13

If A and B are mutually exclusive events with P(A) = .3 and P(B) = .5, then P(A ∪ B) =

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  .15 
C)  .8 
D)  .2 
A)  0 
B)  .15 
C)  .8 
D)  .2

Question 14

If P(A) = .38, P(B) = .83, and P(A ∩ B) = .24; then P(A ∪ B) =

Accepted Answer

A)  1.21 
B)  .97 
C)  .76 
D)  1.45 
A)  1.21 
B)  .97 
C)  .76 
D)  1.45

Question 15

The addition law is potentially helpful when we are interested in computing the probability of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent events 
B)  the intersection of two events 
C)  the union of two events 
D)  conditional events 
A)  independent events 
B)  the intersection of two events 
C)  the union of two events 
D)  conditional events

Question 16

If P(A) = .50, P(B) = .60, and P(A ∩ B) = .30, then events A and B are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mutually exclusive events 
B)  not independent events 
C)  independent events 
D)  Not enough information is given to answer this question. 
A)  mutually exclusive events 
B)  not independent events 
C)  independent events 
D)  Not enough information is given to answer this question.

Question 17

When the assumption of equally likely outcomes is used to assign probability values, the method used to assign probabilities is referred to as the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  relative frequency method 
B)  subjective method 
C)  probability method 
D)  classical method 
A)  relative frequency method 
B)  subjective method 
C)  probability method 
D)  classical method

Question 18

An element of the sample space is a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  event 
B)  estimator 
C)  sample point 
D)  outlier 
A)  event 
B)  estimator 
C)  sample point 
D)  outlier

Question 19

Of five letters (A, B, C, D, and E), two letters are to be selected at random. How many possible selections are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  7 
C)  5! 
D)  10 
A)  20 
B)  7 
C)  5! 
D)  10

Question 20

Two events with nonzero probabilities _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  can be both mutually exclusive and independent 
B)  cannot be both mutually exclusive and independent 
C)  are always mutually exclusive 
D)  are always independent 
A)  can be both mutually exclusive and independent 
B)  cannot be both mutually exclusive and independent 
C)  are always mutually exclusive 
D)  are always independent

Exam 4: Introduction to Probability

Which of the following statements is always true?

Given that event E has a probability of .25, the probability of the complement of event E _____.

Bayes' theorem is used to compute _____.

The range of probability is _____,

Events A and B are mutually exclusive. Which of the following statements is also true?

The complement of P(A | B) is _____.

A six-sided die is rolled three times. The probability of observing a 1 three times in a row is _____.

A graphical method of representing the sample points of a multiple-step experiment is a(n) _____.

If P(A) = .75, P(A ∪ B) = .86, and P(A ∩ B) = .56, then P(B) =

Any process that generates well-defined outcomes is _____.

There is a 60% chance of getting stuck in traffic when leaving the city. On two separate days, what is the probability that you get stuck in traffic both days?

Since the sun MUST rise tomorrow, then the probability of the sun rising tomorrow is _____.

If A and B are mutually exclusive events with P(A) = .3 and P(B) = .5, then P(A ∪ B) =

If P(A) = .38, P(B) = .83, and P(A ∩ B) = .24; then P(A ∪ B) =

The addition law is potentially helpful when we are interested in computing the probability of _____.

If P(A) = .50, P(B) = .60, and P(A ∩ B) = .30, then events A and B are _____.

When the assumption of equally likely outcomes is used to assign probability values, the method used to assign probabilities is referred to as the _____.

An element of the sample space is a(n) _____.

Of five letters (A, B, C, D, and E), two letters are to be selected at random. How many possible selections are there?

Two events with nonzero probabilities _____.

Data and Statistics

Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Displays

Descriptive Statistics: Numerical Measures

Discrete Probability Distributions

Continuous Probability Distributions

Sampling and Sampling Distributions

Interval Estimation

Hypothesis Tests

Inference About Means and Proportions With Two Populations

Inferences About Population Variances

Tests of Goodness of Fit, Independence, and Multiple Proportions

Experimental Design and Analysis of Variance

Simple Linear Regression

Multiple Regression

Regression Analysis: Model Building

Time Series Analysis and Forecasting

Nonparametric Methods

Statistical Methods for Quality Control

Decision Analysis

Sample Survey

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