Question 1

The earth has sustained life for ____ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5 million 
B)  3.5 million 
C)  1.5 billion 
D)  3.5 billion 
E)  1.5 trillion 
A)  1.5 million 
B)  3.5 million 
C)  1.5 billion 
D)  3.5 billion 
E)  1.5 trillion

Question 2

In geologic history,mass extinctions have been followed by an increase in species diversity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Most people do not understand why it is important for humans to be concerned about preventing the extinction of amphibian species when there are so many,seemingly more pressing issues.List three reasons why people should be interested in maintaining amphibians and explain why each reason is important.

Accepted Answer

Humans should care about preventing the

Question 4

In speciation,two species interbreed to form one new species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is another name for a nonnative species?

Accepted Answer

A)  native 
B)  invasive 
C)  keystone 
D)  indicator 
E)  foundation 
A)  native 
B)  invasive 
C)  keystone 
D)  indicator 
E)  foundation

Question 6

According to some scientists,the more diverse an ecosystem is,the ____ it will be.

Accepted Answer

A)  less productive 
B)  less abundant 
C)  less even 
D)  more productive 
E)  more even 
A)  less productive 
B)  less abundant 
C)  less even 
D)  more productive 
E)  more even

Question 7

Why do species such as humans take a much longer time (thousands to millions of years)to adapt through natural selection than species such as bacteria and insects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Species such as humans are limited geographically. 
B)  Species such as humans are much larger in size. 
C)  Species such as humans are limited by reproductive capacity. 
D)  Species such as humans are limited by biological fitness. 
E)  Species such as humans are limited by natural selection. 
A)  Species such as humans are limited geographically. 
B)  Species such as humans are much larger in size. 
C)  Species such as humans are limited by reproductive capacity. 
D)  Species such as humans are limited by biological fitness. 
E)  Species such as humans are limited by natural selection.

Question 8

A measure of the relative abundance,or the comparative numbers of individuals of each species present,is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  species richness 
B)  species abundance 
C)  species diversity 
D)  species evenness 
E)  species counts 
A)  species richness 
B)  species abundance 
C)  species diversity 
D)  species evenness 
E)  species counts

Question 9

Today,the ____ is among the most threatened of all species in the world,with only 1,600 to 3,000 individuals left in the wild.

Accepted Answer

A)  killer whale 
B)  American alligator 
C)  American bullfrog 
D)  giant panda 
E)  koala 
A)  killer whale 
B)  American alligator 
C)  American bullfrog 
D)  giant panda 
E)  koala

Question 10

Under rapidly changing environmental conditions it is better to be a specialist species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Any heritable trait that improves the ability of an organism to survive and to reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals in a population are able to do under prevailing environmental conditions is a(n)____________________.

Accepted Answer

adaptation

Question 12

Which of the following would not be considered a generalist species?

Accepted Answer

A)  humans 
B)  cockroaches 
C)  pandas 
D)  raccoons 
E)  white-tailed deer 
A)  humans 
B)  cockroaches 
C)  pandas 
D)  raccoons 
E)  white-tailed deer

Question 13

Species that provide early warnings of damage to a community or an ecosystem are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  foundation species 
B)  indicator species 
C)  keystone species 
D)  endemic species 
E)  endangered species 
A)  foundation species 
B)  indicator species 
C)  keystone species 
D)  endemic species 
E)  endangered species

Question 14

Survival of the fittest refers to those individuals that leave the most descendants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The variety of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems found in an area or on the earth is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  species diversity 
B)  ecological diversity 
C)  functional diversity 
D)  geological diversity 
E)  genetic diversity 
A)  species diversity 
B)  ecological diversity 
C)  functional diversity 
D)  geological diversity 
E)  genetic diversity

Question 16

Keystone species have a large effect on the types and abundances of other species in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What human adaptation may enable us to live more sustainably by understanding and copying the ways in which nature has sustained itself for billions of years,despite major changes in environmental conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  our ability to use tools 
B)  our genes can change over time 
C)  our physical strength 
D)  our complex brain 
E)  our biological fitness is superior to other animals 
A)  our ability to use tools 
B)  our genes can change over time 
C)  our physical strength 
D)  our complex brain 
E)  our biological fitness is superior to other animals

Question 18

Species that are only found in one area are called _______________ and are especially vulnerable to extinction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Species that are only found in one...

Question 19

Briefly explain the interaction between mutations,"survival of the fittest," and adaptation or adaptive traits.

Accepted Answer

Mutations are the source of genetic chan

Question 20

Charles Darwin and ____________________ both came up with the concept of natural selection as the mechanism for biological evolution.

Accepted Answer

Wallace
Al

Exam 4: Biodiversity and Evolution

The earth has sustained life for ____ years.

In geologic history,mass extinctions have been followed by an increase in species diversity.

In speciation,two species interbreed to form one new species.

Which of the following is another name for a nonnative species?

According to some scientists,the more diverse an ecosystem is,the ____ it will be.

Why do species such as humans take a much longer time (thousands to millions of years)to adapt through natural selection than species such as bacteria and insects?

A measure of the relative abundance,or the comparative numbers of individuals of each species present,is called ____.

Today,the ____ is among the most threatened of all species in the world,with only 1,600 to 3,000 individuals left in the wild.

Under rapidly changing environmental conditions it is better to be a specialist species.

Any heritable trait that improves the ability of an organism to survive and to reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals in a population are able to do under prevailing environmental conditions is a(n)____________________.

Which of the following would not be considered a generalist species?

Species that provide early warnings of damage to a community or an ecosystem are called ____.

Survival of the fittest refers to those individuals that leave the most descendants.

The variety of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems found in an area or on the earth is called ____.

Keystone species have a large effect on the types and abundances of other species in an ecosystem.

What human adaptation may enable us to live more sustainably by understanding and copying the ways in which nature has sustained itself for billions of years,despite major changes in environmental conditions?

Species that are only found in one area are called _______________ and are especially vulnerable to extinction.

Briefly explain the interaction between mutations,"survival of the fittest," and adaptation or adaptive traits.

Charles Darwin and ____________________ both came up with the concept of natural selection as the mechanism for biological evolution.

Environmental Problems, their Causes, and Sustainability

Science, matter, energy, and Systems

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work

Biodiversity, species Interactions, and Population Control

The Human Population and Its Impact

Climate and Biodiversity

Aquatic Biodiversity

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Species Approach

Sustaining Terrestrial Biodiversity: The Ecosystem Approach

Sustaining Aquatic Biodiversity

Food, soil, and Pest Management

Water Resources

Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources

Nonrenewable Energy

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Environmental Hazards and Human Health

Air Pollution

Climate Disruption and Ozone Depletion

Water Pollution

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Cities and Sustainability

Economics, environment, and Sustainability

Politics, environment, and Sustainability

Environmental Worldviews, ethics, and Sustainability

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