Question 1

Where are the Galápagos Islands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Off the west coast of North America 
B)  Near the center of the south Atlantic Ocean 
C)  Off the northwest coast of South America 
D)  Off the west coast of Australia 
E)  Near Southeast Asia 
A)  Off the west coast of North America 
B)  Near the center of the south Atlantic Ocean 
C)  Off the northwest coast of South America 
D)  Off the west coast of Australia 
E)  Near Southeast Asia

Question 2

Which of the following supports the idea that all organisms share a common ancestry?

Accepted Answer

A)  All cells use the same collection of lipids. 
B)  All cells use DNA as a cellular energy carrier. 
C)  All cells use ATP as the template for protein synthesis. 
D)  All cells have a similar biochemistry, including amino acids, nucleic acids, and ATP. 
E)  All cells use amino acids as a carrier of genetic information. 
A)  All cells use the same collection of lipids. 
B)  All cells use DNA as a cellular energy carrier. 
C)  All cells use ATP as the template for protein synthesis. 
D)  All cells have a similar biochemistry, including amino acids, nucleic acids, and ATP. 
E)  All cells use amino acids as a carrier of genetic information.

Question 3

What biochemical clues support the idea that all living things evolved from one common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

All cells identified to date u

Question 4

Whose philosophy was based on the "ideal form"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cuvier 
B)  Lamarck 
C)  Darwin and Wallace 
D)  Plato 
E)  Darwin 
A)  Cuvier 
B)  Lamarck 
C)  Darwin and Wallace 
D)  Plato 
E)  Darwin

Question 5

A man spends his lifetime perfecting his painting skills. He has his daughter paint as well. He expects his grandson to be a world- famous painter. Whose theory is this man using?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cuvier's 
B)  Lamarck's 
C)  Darwin's 
D)  Lyell's 
E)  Buffon's 
A)  Cuvier's 
B)  Lamarck's 
C)  Darwin's 
D)  Lyell's 
E)  Buffon's

Question 6

How does the fossil record support the theory of evolution?

Accepted Answer

In a geological formation, the youngest

Question 7

Imagine that a population of deer living on an island without any predators was threatened with overpopulation, until wolves were imported. After a couple of years, there were fewer deer, but their average running speed and the length of their legs had increased. What process accounts for the change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural selection 
B)  Genetic impossibility 
C)  Inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D)  Unfavorable mutations 
E)  Changes due to chance alone 
A)  Natural selection 
B)  Genetic impossibility 
C)  Inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D)  Unfavorable mutations 
E)  Changes due to chance alone

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT one of Darwin's postulates?

Accepted Answer

A)  In each generation, some individuals reproduce and others don't. 
B)  Through natural selection, individuals with useful traits survive longest and leave the most offspring 
C)  Some of the differences seen in a population result from characteristics passed from parent to offspring. 
D)  There is variation among members of a population. 
E)  Luck is an important factor in determining the fate of individuals. 
A)  In each generation, some individuals reproduce and others don't. 
B)  Through natural selection, individuals with useful traits survive longest and leave the most offspring 
C)  Some of the differences seen in a population result from characteristics passed from parent to offspring. 
D)  There is variation among members of a population. 
E)  Luck is an important factor in determining the fate of individuals.

Question 9

Fish in a local lake have a mixture of brown and green scales and are found throughout the lake. Over a 5- year period, the lake develops more plant growth and an exotic predatory frog is introduced. What change would you expect to see in the original fish population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brown- scaled fish will become more common. 
B)  The fish with green scales will become more common. 
C)  No visible changes will occur in the fish population. 
D)  Fish that prefer the unvegetated areas of the lake will become more common. 
E)  The fish will develop to resemble the introduced frog. 
A)  Brown- scaled fish will become more common. 
B)  The fish with green scales will become more common. 
C)  No visible changes will occur in the fish population. 
D)  Fish that prefer the unvegetated areas of the lake will become more common. 
E)  The fish will develop to resemble the introduced frog.

Question 10

In theory, individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to reproduce.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which organism is LEAST likely to survive to reproduce?

Accepted Answer

A)  A seahorse that mimics the weeds in which it lives 
B)  A dark- furred rodent that comes out only at night 
C)  A flower that produces a scent that attracts bees 
D)  A shrub that produces a toxin in its flower buds that repels deer from eating it 
E)  A plant that has a sweet flavor before it flowers 
A)  A seahorse that mimics the weeds in which it lives 
B)  A dark- furred rodent that comes out only at night 
C)  A flower that produces a scent that attracts bees 
D)  A shrub that produces a toxin in its flower buds that repels deer from eating it 
E)  A plant that has a sweet flavor before it flowers

Question 12

In any evolving population of organisms, individual variations exist.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A farmer noticed that two of her cotton plants produce cotton with a slight greenish hue. By repeatedly crossing the greenish plants, she has produced a variety of deep- green cotton without the use of any dyes. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial mutation. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial mutation. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Question 14

Which of the following are vestigial structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fish fins 
B)  Hoofs of horses 
C)  Wings of bats 
D)  Pelvic bones of whales 
E)  Vertebral columns in snakes 
A)  Fish fins 
B)  Hoofs of horses 
C)  Wings of bats 
D)  Pelvic bones of whales 
E)  Vertebral columns in snakes

Question 15

The fact that whales have pelvic and leg bones leads to the conclusion that

Accepted Answer

A)  they probably evolved from fish. 
B)  ancestral whales had legs. 
C)  whales did not evolve by natural selection. 
D)  whales should have functional legs. 
E)  having a pelvis is advantageous. 
A)  they probably evolved from fish. 
B)  ancestral whales had legs. 
C)  whales did not evolve by natural selection. 
D)  whales should have functional legs. 
E)  having a pelvis is advantageous.

Question 16

No one is certain what the function of the human appendix is. But, one thing we do know is that we can live without it, without noticeable consequences. Therefore, the human appendix is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  vestigial structure. 
B)  analogous structure. 
C)  homologous structure. 
D)  mutation. 
E)  adaptation. 
A)  vestigial structure. 
B)  analogous structure. 
C)  homologous structure. 
D)  mutation. 
E)  adaptation.

Question 17

The figure indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  dinosaurs evolved before trilobites. 
B)  trilobites ate seed ferns. 
C)  seed ferns evolved before trilobites. 
D)  trilobites evolved before seed ferns. 
E)  trilobites, seed ferns, and dinosaurs evolved at the same time. 
A)  dinosaurs evolved before trilobites. 
B)  trilobites ate seed ferns. 
C)  seed ferns evolved before trilobites. 
D)  trilobites evolved before seed ferns. 
E)  trilobites, seed ferns, and dinosaurs evolved at the same time.

Question 18

Darwin's theory of evolution was based on his observations during his voyage to Asia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

There were biologists before Darwin who proposed mechanisms for evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Natural selection can act on a certain trait only if the trait is

Accepted Answer

A)  heritable. 
B)  favorable. 
C)  morphological. 
D)  behavioral. 
E)  new. 
A)  heritable. 
B)  favorable. 
C)  morphological. 
D)  behavioral. 
E)  new.

Exam 15: Principles of Evolution

Where are the Galápagos Islands?

Which of the following supports the idea that all organisms share a common ancestry?

What biochemical clues support the idea that all living things evolved from one common ancestor?

Whose philosophy was based on the "ideal form"?

A man spends his lifetime perfecting his painting skills. He has his daughter paint as well. He expects his grandson to be a world- famous painter. Whose theory is this man using?

How does the fossil record support the theory of evolution?

Which of the following is NOT one of Darwin's postulates?

Fish in a local lake have a mixture of brown and green scales and are found throughout the lake. Over a 5- year period, the lake develops more plant growth and an exotic predatory frog is introduced. What change would you expect to see in the original fish population?

In theory, individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to reproduce.

Which organism is LEAST likely to survive to reproduce?

In any evolving population of organisms, individual variations exist.

A farmer noticed that two of her cotton plants produce cotton with a slight greenish hue. By repeatedly crossing the greenish plants, she has produced a variety of deep- green cotton without the use of any dyes. This is an example of

Which of the following are vestigial structures?

The fact that whales have pelvic and leg bones leads to the conclusion that

No one is certain what the function of the human appendix is. But, one thing we do know is that we can live without it, without noticeable consequences. Therefore, the human appendix is an example of a(n)

The figure indicates that

Darwin's theory of evolution was based on his observations during his voyage to Asia.

There were biologists before Darwin who proposed mechanisms for evolution.

Natural selection can act on a certain trait only if the trait is

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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