Question 1

Variations in a population are produced by .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Variations in a population are produced by...

Question 2

Provide three types of evidence (from different subdisciplines in biology) that scientists commonly use to provide support for the theory of evolution.

Accepted Answer

Fossils, comparative anatomy,

Question 3

An antibiotic is given repeatedly to treat a recurrent ear infection. It worked initially but now is no longer effective. This indicates that the Streptococcus bacterium

Accepted Answer

A)  is being treated with an antibiotic that has experienced a manufacturing error, making it infective. 
B)  is very sensitive to the antibiotic. 
C)  is infectious only if it is sensitive to the antibiotic. 
D)  experienced natural selection that has allowed the resistant Streptococcus to survive and multiply. 
A)  is being treated with an antibiotic that has experienced a manufacturing error, making it infective. 
B)  is very sensitive to the antibiotic. 
C)  is infectious only if it is sensitive to the antibiotic. 
D)  experienced natural selection that has allowed the resistant Streptococcus to survive and multiply.

Question 4

The publication date of On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection is

Accepted Answer

A)  1900. 
B)  1859. 
C)  1809. 
D)  1869. 
E)  1830. 
A)  1900. 
B)  1859. 
C)  1809. 
D)  1869. 
E)  1830.

Question 5

Genetic variations in natural populations develop due to

Accepted Answer

A)  random mutations of the DNA. 
B)  individual activities. 
C)  changes in the environment. 
D)  changes in diet. 
E)  environmental catastrophes. 
A)  random mutations of the DNA. 
B)  individual activities. 
C)  changes in the environment. 
D)  changes in diet. 
E)  environmental catastrophes.

Question 6

When unrelated organisms living under similar environmental demands evolve superficially similar structures, it is called

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative anatomy. 
B)  convergent evolution. 
C)  coevolution. 
D)  superficial selection. 
A)  comparative anatomy. 
B)  convergent evolution. 
C)  coevolution. 
D)  superficial selection.

Question 7

Based on the way natural selection works, what is the best way to make use of antibacterial soap?

Accepted Answer

A)  Never use it because bacteria will evolve to become resistant to it. 
B)  Always use it because it is unlikely that bacteria will evolve to become resistant to it. 
C)  Always use it because most bacteria will cause illness. 
D)  Never use it because all bacteria are harmless. 
E)  Use it only when you need to be free of bacterial contamination, so bacteria will be less likely to evolve resistance to it. 
A)  Never use it because bacteria will evolve to become resistant to it. 
B)  Always use it because it is unlikely that bacteria will evolve to become resistant to it. 
C)  Always use it because most bacteria will cause illness. 
D)  Never use it because all bacteria are harmless. 
E)  Use it only when you need to be free of bacterial contamination, so bacteria will be less likely to evolve resistance to it.

Question 8

Darwin and both developed and proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Darwin and both developed and proposed the...

Question 9

Which of the following statements about mutations is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutations occur at random and are by chance. 
B)  Mutations almost always leave the organism worse off than before. 
C)  Mutations are caused by natural selection. 
D)  Mutations have no effect on the survival and reproduction of an organism. 
E)  Mutations are almost always better for the organism. 
A)  Mutations occur at random and are by chance. 
B)  Mutations almost always leave the organism worse off than before. 
C)  Mutations are caused by natural selection. 
D)  Mutations have no effect on the survival and reproduction of an organism. 
E)  Mutations are almost always better for the organism.

Question 10

Insects and bats both have wings. This proves they evolved from a common ancestor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which English economist predicted that the rapid growth of human populations would soon exceed Earth's capacity to support it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wallace 
B)  Mendel 
C)  Lyell 
D)  Hutton 
E)  Malthus 
A)  Wallace 
B)  Mendel 
C)  Lyell 
D)  Hutton 
E)  Malthus

Question 12

Imagine that a biologist develops a strain of corn with a lower fat content by choosing low- fat variants and crossbreeding them over several generations. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial selection. 
D)  artificial mutation. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial selection. 
D)  artificial mutation. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Question 13

Who presented the idea of natural selection to the Linnaean Society in 1858?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cuvier 
B)  Darwin and Wallace 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Plato 
E)  Lamarck 
A)  Cuvier 
B)  Darwin and Wallace 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Plato 
E)  Lamarck

Question 14

The concept that Earth's present landscape is due to gradual geological processes was proposed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Lyell. 
B)  Buffon. 
C)  Aristotle. 
D)  Lamarck. 
E)  Malthus. 
A)  Lyell. 
B)  Buffon. 
C)  Aristotle. 
D)  Lamarck. 
E)  Malthus.

Question 15

Early in embryonic development, all vertebrate embryos have some similarities in their appearance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are _ structures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are...

Question 17

Daisies and daffodils, have flowers that serve as organs of reproduction, leaves that serve as organs of photosynthesis, and xylem and phloem that move water and food throughout the plant. These similarities are best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
B)  uniformitarianism. 
C)  a common ancestry. 
D)  the "Ladder of Nature." 
E)  artificial selection. 
A)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
B)  uniformitarianism. 
C)  a common ancestry. 
D)  the "Ladder of Nature." 
E)  artificial selection.

Question 18

Which of these statements best illustrates the theory of catastrophism?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are no humans in early fossil records because they had not been created yet. 
B)  Only extinct species appear in the fossil record. 
C)  Species become extinct due to natural disasters, such as floods and volcanic eruptions. 
D)  Only plant species have become extinct. 
E)  The fossil record is incomplete. 
A)  There are no humans in early fossil records because they had not been created yet. 
B)  Only extinct species appear in the fossil record. 
C)  Species become extinct due to natural disasters, such as floods and volcanic eruptions. 
D)  Only plant species have become extinct. 
E)  The fossil record is incomplete.

Question 19

A farmer produces a variety of apple with deep pink flesh by selectively crossbreeding apples with pinkish hues. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial mutation. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial mutation. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Question 20

Anolis lizards can be informally subdivided into long- legged forms (which move by jumping from tree to tree) and short- legged forms (which mostly crawl from one area to another). Both forms are usually found in any population. A group of Anolis lizards with long legs are transplanted from an island with many large trees to an island with many small plants and no trees. In future generations, the transplanted lizard population is most likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  evolve even longer legs. 
B)  evolve shorter legs adapted for the smaller plants. 
C)  undergo no evolutionary change. 
D)  evolve to be able to maneuver less efficiently. 
E)  evolve to be able to run away from predators more quickly. 
A)  evolve even longer legs. 
B)  evolve shorter legs adapted for the smaller plants. 
C)  undergo no evolutionary change. 
D)  evolve to be able to maneuver less efficiently. 
E)  evolve to be able to run away from predators more quickly.

Exam 15: Principles of Evolution

Variations in a population are produced by .

Provide three types of evidence (from different subdisciplines in biology) that scientists commonly use to provide support for the theory of evolution.

An antibiotic is given repeatedly to treat a recurrent ear infection. It worked initially but now is no longer effective. This indicates that the Streptococcus bacterium

The publication date of On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection is

Genetic variations in natural populations develop due to

When unrelated organisms living under similar environmental demands evolve superficially similar structures, it is called

Based on the way natural selection works, what is the best way to make use of antibacterial soap?

Darwin and both developed and proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.

Which of the following statements about mutations is TRUE?

Insects and bats both have wings. This proves they evolved from a common ancestor.

Which English economist predicted that the rapid growth of human populations would soon exceed Earth's capacity to support it?

Imagine that a biologist develops a strain of corn with a lower fat content by choosing low- fat variants and crossbreeding them over several generations. This is an example of

Who presented the idea of natural selection to the Linnaean Society in 1858?

The concept that Earth's present landscape is due to gradual geological processes was proposed by

Early in embryonic development, all vertebrate embryos have some similarities in their appearance.

Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are _ structures.

Daisies and daffodils, have flowers that serve as organs of reproduction, leaves that serve as organs of photosynthesis, and xylem and phloem that move water and food throughout the plant. These similarities are best explained by

Which of these statements best illustrates the theory of catastrophism?

A farmer produces a variety of apple with deep pink flesh by selectively crossbreeding apples with pinkish hues. This is an example of

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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