Question 1

Which of the following statements about the oomycote algae is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They form hyphae. 
B)  They produce zoospores in a sporangium. 
C)  They have chlorophyll. 
D)  They cause plant diseases. 
E)  They reproduce sexually. 
A)  They form hyphae. 
B)  They produce zoospores in a sporangium. 
C)  They have chlorophyll. 
D)  They cause plant diseases. 
E)  They reproduce sexually. C

Question 2

Explain how the presence of algae can indicate either pollution or productivity of a body of water.

Accepted Answer

Algae can indicate the pollution or productivity of a body of water based on its abundance and the specific types present. In a polluted body of water, excessive nutrients from sources such as agricultural runoff or untreated sewage can cause an overgrowth of algae. This can result in algal blooms, which can deplete oxygen levels in the water, leading to fish kills and other negative impacts on aquatic life. Additionally, some types of algae, such as cyanobacteria, can produce toxins that are harmful to both aquatic organisms and humans.

On the other hand, the presence of certain types of algae, such as phytoplankton, can indicate a high level of productivity in a body of water. Productive waters with sufficient nutrients can support diverse and abundant populations of algae, which in turn can support a healthy and diverse aquatic ecosystem. In these cases, the presence of algae is a natural and beneficial part of the water's ecosystem.

By examining the types and abundance of algae in a body of water, scientists and environmental managers can assess the health of the water and make informed decisions about potential pollution sources or the overall productivity of the ecosystem.

Question 3

In mid-December, a woman with insulin-dependent diabetes who had been on prednisone fell and received an abrasion on the dorsal side of her right hand. She was placed on penicillin. By the end of January, the ulcer had not healed, and she was referred to a plastic surgeon. On January 30, a swab of the wound was cultured at 35°C on blood agar. On the same day, a smear was made for Gram staining. The Gram stain showed large (10 μm) cells. Brownish, waxy colonies grew on the blood agar. Slide cultures set up on February 1 and incubated at 25°C showed septate hyphae and single conidia. The most likely cause of the infection is a

Accepted Answer

A)  parasitic alga. 
B)  gram-negative bacterium. 
C)  yeast. 
D)  protozoan. 
E)  dimorphic fungus. 
A)  parasitic alga. 
B)  gram-negative bacterium. 
C)  yeast. 
D)  protozoan. 
E)  dimorphic fungus. E

Question 4

Some species of dinoflagellates produce neurotoxins that cause fish kills and red tides.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The life cycle of the fish tapeworm is similar to that of the beef tapeworm. Which of the following is the most effective preventive measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  salting fish before eating 
B)  refrigerating stored fish 
C)  wearing gloves while handling fish 
D)  cooking fish before eating 
E)  not swimming in fish-infested waters 
A)  salting fish before eating 
B)  refrigerating stored fish 
C)  wearing gloves while handling fish 
D)  cooking fish before eating 
E)  not swimming in fish-infested waters

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding lichens is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lichens represent a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and an alga. 
B)  The algal partner produces carbohydrates that are absorbed by the fungal partner. 
C)  Lichens are often the first life form to colonize rock or soil. 
D)  The fungal partner provides a means of attachment and protects the algal partner from desiccation. 
E)  Lichens are a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan. 
A)  Lichens represent a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and an alga. 
B)  The algal partner produces carbohydrates that are absorbed by the fungal partner. 
C)  Lichens are often the first life form to colonize rock or soil. 
D)  The fungal partner provides a means of attachment and protects the algal partner from desiccation. 
E)  Lichens are a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan.

Question 7

If a larva of Echinococcus granulosus is found in humans, humans are the

Accepted Answer

A)  intermediate host. 
B)  definitive host. 
C)  infected host. 
D)  reservoir. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  intermediate host. 
B)  definitive host. 
C)  infected host. 
D)  reservoir. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 8

Three weeks after a river rafting trip, three family members experienced symptoms of coughing, fever, and chest pain. During the rafting trip, the family had consumed crayfish that they caught along the river banks. An examination of the patientsʹ sputum revealed helminth eggs, and serum samples were positive for antibodies to Paragonimus. All of the family members recovered following treatment with praziquantel. In the Paragonimus life cycle,

Accepted Answer

A)  both humans and crayfish are definitive hosts. 
B)  humans are the definitive host and crayfish are the intermediate host. 
C)  the source of the infection was the river water. 
D)  both humans and crayfish are intermediate hosts. 
E)  the crayfish are the definitive host and humans are the intermediate host. 
A)  both humans and crayfish are definitive hosts. 
B)  humans are the definitive host and crayfish are the intermediate host. 
C)  the source of the infection was the river water. 
D)  both humans and crayfish are intermediate hosts. 
E)  the crayfish are the definitive host and humans are the intermediate host.

Question 9

Table 12.1
1- Arthroconidium 5-Chlamydoconidium
2- Ascospore 6-Conidiospore
3- Basidiospore 7-Sporangiospore
4- Blastoconidium 8-Zygospore
-In Table 12.1, which is a thick-walled spore formed as a segment within a hypha?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  1 
C)  3 
D)  7 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  5 
B)  1 
C)  3 
D)  7 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 10

In the malaria parasite life cycle, humans are the host, while mosquitoes are the host as well as the vector.

Accepted Answer

A)  intermediate; definitive 
B)  intermediate; intermediate 
C)  definitive; intermediate 
D)  temporary; final 
E)  vector; intermediate 
A)  intermediate; definitive 
B)  intermediate; intermediate 
C)  definitive; intermediate 
D)  temporary; final 
E)  vector; intermediate

Question 11

The insect vectors have six legs and include spiders, ticks, mosquitoes, and lice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Giardia and Trichomonas are unusual eukaryotes because they

Accepted Answer

A)  do not produce cysts. 
B)  lack nuclei. 
C)  lack mitochondria. 
D)  are motile. 
E)  do produce cysts. 
A)  do not produce cysts. 
B)  lack nuclei. 
C)  lack mitochondria. 
D)  are motile. 
E)  do produce cysts.

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding fungi is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most fungi grow well in acidic culture condition. 
B)  Fungi reproduce by forming asexual or sexual spores. 
C)  Most fungi are pathogenic for humans. 
D)  Fungi tolerate low moisture conditions. 
E)  Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs. 
A)  Most fungi grow well in acidic culture condition. 
B)  Fungi reproduce by forming asexual or sexual spores. 
C)  Most fungi are pathogenic for humans. 
D)  Fungi tolerate low moisture conditions. 
E)  Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs.

Question 14

Which of the following is a nucleated, unicellular organism that, if you changed the incubation temperature, would form filaments with conidiospores?

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular slime mold 
B)  tapeworm 
C)  plasmodial slime mold 
D)  ascomycete 
E)  euglenozoa 
A)  cellular slime mold 
B)  tapeworm 
C)  plasmodial slime mold 
D)  ascomycete 
E)  euglenozoa

Question 15

Which of the following arthropods does NOT transmit diseases by sucking blood from a human host?

Accepted Answer

A)  houseflies 
B)  mosquitoes 
C)  lice 
D)  kissing bugs 
E)  fleas 
A)  houseflies 
B)  mosquitoes 
C)  lice 
D)  kissing bugs 
E)  fleas

Question 16

You observe a mass of amoeba-like cells that swarm together, form a stalk, and produce spores. This is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  tapeworm. 
B)  plasmodial slime mold. 
C)  cellular slime mold. 
D)  Euglenozoa. 
E)  ascomycete. 
A)  tapeworm. 
B)  plasmodial slime mold. 
C)  cellular slime mold. 
D)  Euglenozoa. 
E)  ascomycete.

Question 17

All of the following are characteristic of lichens EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  they are arranged in foliose, fruticose, or crustose morphologies. 
B)  they are a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan. 
C)  they serve as primary producers in rocky ecosystems. 
D)  they are used as indicators of air pollution. 
E)  they are a major food source for tundra herbivores. 
A)  they are arranged in foliose, fruticose, or crustose morphologies. 
B)  they are a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a protozoan. 
C)  they serve as primary producers in rocky ecosystems. 
D)  they are used as indicators of air pollution. 
E)  they are a major food source for tundra herbivores.

Question 18

The cells of plasmodial slime molds can grow to several centimeters in diameter because

Accepted Answer

A)  they distribute nutrients by cytoplasmic streaming. 
B)  they have a mouth to ingest nutrients. 
C)  they form spores. 
D)  the large surface can absorb nutrients. 
E)  they have organelles. 
A)  they distribute nutrients by cytoplasmic streaming. 
B)  they have a mouth to ingest nutrients. 
C)  they form spores. 
D)  the large surface can absorb nutrients. 
E)  they have organelles.

Question 19

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  mosquito  malaria 
B)  tick  Rocky Mountain spotted fever 
C)  mosquito  Pneumocystis 
D)  tick  Lyme disease 
E)  mosquito  encephalitis 
A)  mosquito  malaria 
B)  tick  Rocky Mountain spotted fever 
C)  mosquito  Pneumocystis 
D)  tick  Lyme disease 
E)  mosquito  encephalitis

Question 20

Most cases of hookworm infection are acquired by ingestion of adult forms in contaminated food or water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Which of the following statements about the oomycote algae is FALSE?

Explain how the presence of algae can indicate either pollution or productivity of a body of water.

Some species of dinoflagellates produce neurotoxins that cause fish kills and red tides.

The life cycle of the fish tapeworm is similar to that of the beef tapeworm. Which of the following is the most effective preventive measure?

Which of the following statements regarding lichens is FALSE?

If a larva of Echinococcus granulosus is found in humans, humans are the

Table 12.1 1- Arthroconidium 5-Chlamydoconidium 2- Ascospore 6-Conidiospore 3- Basidiospore 7-Sporangiospore 4- Blastoconidium 8-Zygospore -In Table 12.1, which is a thick-walled spore formed as a segment within a hypha?

In the malaria parasite life cycle, humans are the host, while mosquitoes are the host as well as the vector.

The insect vectors have six legs and include spiders, ticks, mosquitoes, and lice.

Giardia and Trichomonas are unusual eukaryotes because they

Which of the following statements regarding fungi is FALSE?

Which of the following is a nucleated, unicellular organism that, if you changed the incubation temperature, would form filaments with conidiospores?

Which of the following arthropods does NOT transmit diseases by sucking blood from a human host?

You observe a mass of amoeba-like cells that swarm together, form a stalk, and produce spores. This is a(n)

All of the following are characteristic of lichens EXCEPT

The cells of plasmodial slime molds can grow to several centimeters in diameter because

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Most cases of hookworm infection are acquired by ingestion of adult forms in contaminated food or water.

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Disease of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters