Question 1

Which of the following is the best definition of epitope?

Accepted Answer

A)  specific regions on antigens that interact with MHC class molecules 
B)  specific regions on antigens that interact with T-cell receptors 
C)  specific regions on antigens that interact with perforins 
D)  specific regions on antigens that interact with haptens 
E)  specific regions on antigens that interact with antibodies 
A)  specific regions on antigens that interact with MHC class molecules 
B)  specific regions on antigens that interact with T-cell receptors 
C)  specific regions on antigens that interact with perforins 
D)  specific regions on antigens that interact with haptens 
E)  specific regions on antigens that interact with antibodies E

Question 2

Which of the following statements is NOT a possible outcome of antigen-antibody reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  agglutination 
B)  opsonization 
C)  activation of complement 
D)  ADCC 
E)  clonal deletion 
A)  agglutination 
B)  opsonization 
C)  activation of complement 
D)  ADCC 
E)  clonal deletion E

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of B cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They recognize antigens associated with MHC I. 
B)  They originate in bone marrow. 
C)  They are responsible for the memory response. 
D)  They are responsible for antibody formation. 
E)  They have antibodies on their surfaces. 
A)  They recognize antigens associated with MHC I. 
B)  They originate in bone marrow. 
C)  They are responsible for the memory response. 
D)  They are responsible for antibody formation. 
E)  They have antibodies on their surfaces. A

Question 4

What type of immunity results from recovery from mumps?

Accepted Answer

A)  innate immunity 
B)  naturally acquired active immunity 
C)  naturally acquired passive immunity 
D)  artificially acquired active immunity 
E)  artificially acquired passive immunity 
A)  innate immunity 
B)  naturally acquired active immunity 
C)  naturally acquired passive immunity 
D)  artificially acquired active immunity 
E)  artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 5

Cytokine storms negatively impact human health.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Only dendritic cells produce interleukins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

CD4+ T cells are activated by

Accepted Answer

A)  interaction between TCRs and MHC II. 
B)  complement. 
C)  cytokines released by dendritic cells. 
D)  interaction between CD4+ and MHC II. 
E)  cytokines released by B cells. 
A)  interaction between TCRs and MHC II. 
B)  complement. 
C)  cytokines released by dendritic cells. 
D)  interaction between CD4+ and MHC II. 
E)  cytokines released by B cells.

Question 8

When an antibody binds to a toxin, the resulting action is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  agglutination. 
B)  neutralization. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  ADCC. 
A)  agglutination. 
B)  neutralization. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  ADCC.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Fc region attaches to a host cell. 
B)  The constant region of a heavy chain is the same for all antibodies. 
C)  The variable region of a light chain is partially responsible for binding with antigen. 
D)  The variable region of a heavy chain is partially responsible for binding with antigen. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  The Fc region attaches to a host cell. 
B)  The constant region of a heavy chain is the same for all antibodies. 
C)  The variable region of a light chain is partially responsible for binding with antigen. 
D)  The variable region of a heavy chain is partially responsible for binding with antigen. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about IL-12 is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It activates macrophages. 
B)  It activates the TH1 pathway. 
C)  It causes TH cells to respond to HIV. 
D)  It causes autoimmune diseases. 
E)  It inhibits some tumor cells. 
A)  It activates macrophages. 
B)  It activates the TH1 pathway. 
C)  It causes TH cells to respond to HIV. 
D)  It causes autoimmune diseases. 
E)  It inhibits some tumor cells.

Question 11

At a minimum, the human immune system is capable of recognizing approximately how many different antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  1025 
B)  1010 
C)  1015 
D)  105 
E)  1020 
A)  1025 
B)  1010 
C)  1015 
D)  105 
E)  1020

Question 12

In Figure 17.1, the arrow at time (c) indicates

Accepted Answer

A)  exposure to a new antigen. 
B)  the secondary response. 
C)  the primary response. 
D)  the T-cell response. 
E)  the time of exposure to the same antigen as at time (a). 
A)  exposure to a new antigen. 
B)  the secondary response. 
C)  the primary response. 
D)  the T-cell response. 
E)  the time of exposure to the same antigen as at time (a).

Question 13

Plasma cells are activated by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen. 
B)  APC. 
C)  B cell. 
D)  T cell. 
E)  memory cell. 
A)  antigen. 
B)  APC. 
C)  B cell. 
D)  T cell. 
E)  memory cell.

Question 14

Which of the following cells is NOT an APC?

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages 
B)  natural killer cells 
C)  dentritic cells 
D)  mature B cells 
E)  None of the answers is correct; all of these are APCs. 
A)  macrophages 
B)  natural killer cells 
C)  dentritic cells 
D)  mature B cells 
E)  None of the answers is correct; all of these are APCs.

Question 15

The following events elicit an antibody response. What is the third step?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antigen-digest goes to surface of APC. 
B)  B cell is activated. 
C)  TH cell recognizes antigen-digest and MHC II. 
D)  APC phagocytizes antigen. 
E)  TH cell produces cytokines. 
A)  Antigen-digest goes to surface of APC. 
B)  B cell is activated. 
C)  TH cell recognizes antigen-digest and MHC II. 
D)  APC phagocytizes antigen. 
E)  TH cell produces cytokines.

Question 16

The presence of which of the following indicates a current infection rather than a previous infection or vaccination?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgM 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgD 
D)  IgA 
E)  IgE 
A)  IgM 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgD 
D)  IgA 
E)  IgE

Question 17

IL-2, produced by TH cells,

Accepted Answer

A)  causes phagocytosis. 
B)  activates antigen-presenting cells. 
C)  activates TC cells to CTLs. 
D)  stimulates TH cell maturation. 
E)  activates macrophages. 
A)  causes phagocytosis. 
B)  activates antigen-presenting cells. 
C)  activates TC cells to CTLs. 
D)  stimulates TH cell maturation. 
E)  activates macrophages.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about natural killer cells is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They destroy tumor cells. 
B)  They are stimulated by an antigen. 
C)  They destroy virus-infected cells. 
D)  They destroy cells lacking MHC I. 
E)  None of the answers are correct; all of these statements are true. 
A)  They destroy tumor cells. 
B)  They are stimulated by an antigen. 
C)  They destroy virus-infected cells. 
D)  They destroy cells lacking MHC I. 
E)  None of the answers are correct; all of these statements are true.

Question 19

When haptens attach to carrier molecules, an epitope forms on hapten which then can be bound to antibody.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following destroys virus-infected cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  dendritic cells 
B)  B cells 
C)  Treg 
D)  CTL 
E)  TH 
A)  dendritic cells 
B)  B cells 
C)  Treg 
D)  CTL 
E)  TH

Exam 17: Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Which of the following is the best definition of epitope?

Which of the following statements is NOT a possible outcome of antigen-antibody reaction?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of B cells?

What type of immunity results from recovery from mumps?

Cytokine storms negatively impact human health.

Only dendritic cells produce interleukins.

CD4+ T cells are activated by

When an antibody binds to a toxin, the resulting action is referred to as

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following statements about IL-12 is FALSE?

At a minimum, the human immune system is capable of recognizing approximately how many different antigens?

In Figure 17.1, the arrow at time (c) indicates

Plasma cells are activated by a(n)

Which of the following cells is NOT an APC?

The following events elicit an antibody response. What is the third step?

The presence of which of the following indicates a current infection rather than a previous infection or vaccination?

IL-2, produced by TH cells,

Which of the following statements about natural killer cells is FALSE?

When haptens attach to carrier molecules, an epitope forms on hapten which then can be bound to antibody.

Which of the following destroys virus-infected cells?

The Microbial World and You

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Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

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Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

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Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

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