Question 1

Briefly describe the major theories of child development.

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism suggests that children are l

Question 2

Who suggested that we develop in a healthy fashion by confronting and resolving developmental life crises?

Accepted Answer

A)  Karen Horney 
B)  Erik Erikson 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  Alfred Adler 
A)  Karen Horney 
B)  Erik Erikson 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  Alfred Adler

Question 3

Which stage in Erikson's theory involves the development of independence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trust vs. mistrust 
B)  Autonomy vs. shame and doubt 
C)  Initiative vs. guilt 
D)  Industry vs. inferiority 
A)  Trust vs. mistrust 
B)  Autonomy vs. shame and doubt 
C)  Initiative vs. guilt 
D)  Industry vs. inferiority

Question 4

Match the following descriptions with the correct term:
-Oral stage

Accepted Answer

A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa 
A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa

Question 5

Match the following descriptions with the correct term:
-Classical conditioning

Accepted Answer

A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa 
A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of "time out from positive reinforcement"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Placing the child in a time out seat at the front of the classroom 
B)  Punishing the child by making him write sentences on the board 
C)  Refusing to put stars and fun stickers on improperly completed homework 
D)  Placing the child away from peers for a time with no rewards 
A)  Placing the child in a time out seat at the front of the classroom 
B)  Punishing the child by making him write sentences on the board 
C)  Refusing to put stars and fun stickers on improperly completed homework 
D)  Placing the child away from peers for a time with no rewards

Question 7

Match the following descriptions with the correct term:
-Stage theory

Accepted Answer

A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa 
A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa

Question 8

Informing participants about the results of a study is called

Accepted Answer

A)  debriefing. 
B)  counterconditioning. 
C)  voluntary consent. 
D)  informed consent. 
A)  debriefing. 
B)  counterconditioning. 
C)  voluntary consent. 
D)  informed consent.

Question 9

Which thinker suggested that children are born a "tabula rasa?"

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
B)  John Locke 
C)  Alfred Binet 
D)  Sigmund Freud 
A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
B)  John Locke 
C)  Alfred Binet 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Question 10

Which thinker suggested that children are innately good at birth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
B)  John Locke 
C)  Alfred Binet 
D)  Sigmund Freud 
A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
B)  John Locke 
C)  Alfred Binet 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Question 11

According to Freud, which aspect of our personality is present at birth and is unconscious?

Accepted Answer

A)  Id 
B)  Ego 
C)  Superego 
D)  Superid 
A)  Id 
B)  Ego 
C)  Superego 
D)  Superid

Question 12

Would Piaget agree with the statement, "Children vary in the order in which they go through cognitive developmental stages and if a child does not succeed in one stage, that child can still succeed in future stages"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, Piaget would agree. 
B)  No, Piaget would not agree. 
C)  Piaget would agree and he would also add that cognitive development is unpredictable. 
D)  Piaget is a behaviorist, not a cognitive developmental theorist. 
A)  Yes, Piaget would agree. 
B)  No, Piaget would not agree. 
C)  Piaget would agree and he would also add that cognitive development is unpredictable. 
D)  Piaget is a behaviorist, not a cognitive developmental theorist.

Question 13

Which of the following methods involves studying development over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  A longitudinal study 
B)  An experiment 
C)  A cross-sectional study 
D)  A correlational study 
A)  A longitudinal study 
B)  An experiment 
C)  A cross-sectional study 
D)  A correlational study

Question 14

Match the following descriptions with the correct term:
-Phallic stage

Accepted Answer

A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa 
A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa

Question 15

Drew has a pet dog. His sister, Amelia, has a pet cat. So, Drew's scheme of "things that are pets" includes both dogs and cats. However, he visits a friend who has a pet parrot. This parrot does not fit into Drew's existing scheme. So, he accommodates this information. Now his "things that are pets" scheme includes birds as well. This restoring of cognitive balance is called

Accepted Answer

A)  assimilation. 
B)  shaping of schemes. 
C)  equilibration. 
D)  cognitive dissonance. 
A)  assimilation. 
B)  shaping of schemes. 
C)  equilibration. 
D)  cognitive dissonance.

Question 16

According to Erikson, successful resolution of early life crises sets the stage for positive resolution of later crises.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Birds reared in isolation have been known to build nests, even if they have never seen another bird building a nest, or a nest itself. These built-in, instinctive behaviors are referred to by ethologists as

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed action patterns. 
B)  learned behavioral tendencies. 
C)  survival mechanisms. 
D)  reflexes. 
A)  fixed action patterns. 
B)  learned behavioral tendencies. 
C)  survival mechanisms. 
D)  reflexes.

Question 18

Dr. Flynn studies children's thought processes. She asks research questions regarding the size of a child's short-term memory and how many programs the child can run simultaneously. Dr. Flynn's research is representative of which type of theoretical orientation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Biological 
B)  Cognitive developmental 
C)  Behavioral 
D)  Information processing 
A)  Biological 
B)  Cognitive developmental 
C)  Behavioral 
D)  Information processing

Question 19

Dr. Simmons has found a strong positive correlation between watching violent cartoons on TV and children's levels of aggression towards others. What can be concluded from this research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Violent TV viewing causes aggressive behavior in children. 
B)  Aggressive behavior causes children to watch more violent TV. 
C)  Violent TV viewing and aggressive behavior towards other children are unrelated. 
D)  Violent TV viewing and aggressive behavior towards other children are related in some way. 
A)  Violent TV viewing causes aggressive behavior in children. 
B)  Aggressive behavior causes children to watch more violent TV. 
C)  Violent TV viewing and aggressive behavior towards other children are unrelated. 
D)  Violent TV viewing and aggressive behavior towards other children are related in some way.

Question 20

Applying Piaget's theory to educational settings would involve

Accepted Answer

A)  looking at the child's ability to repress his/her aggressive tendencies. 
B)  gearing instruction to the child's developmental level. 
C)  assisting children in completing problems in workbooks. 
D)  realizing that children of all ages process information similarly. 
A)  looking at the child's ability to repress his/her aggressive tendencies. 
B)  gearing instruction to the child's developmental level. 
C)  assisting children in completing problems in workbooks. 
D)  realizing that children of all ages process information similarly.

Briefly describe the major theories of child development.

Who suggested that we develop in a healthy fashion by confronting and resolving developmental life crises?

Which stage in Erikson's theory involves the development of independence?

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Oral stage

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Classical conditioning

Which of the following is an example of "time out from positive reinforcement"?

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Stage theory

Informing participants about the results of a study is called

Which thinker suggested that children are born a "tabula rasa?"

Which thinker suggested that children are innately good at birth?

According to Freud, which aspect of our personality is present at birth and is unconscious?

Would Piaget agree with the statement, "Children vary in the order in which they go through cognitive developmental stages and if a child does not succeed in one stage, that child can still succeed in future stages"?

Which of the following methods involves studying development over time?

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Phallic stage

According to Erikson, successful resolution of early life crises sets the stage for positive resolution of later crises.

Birds reared in isolation have been known to build nests, even if they have never seen another bird building a nest, or a nest itself. These built-in, instinctive behaviors are referred to by ethologists as

Dr. Flynn studies children's thought processes. She asks research questions regarding the size of a child's short-term memory and how many programs the child can run simultaneously. Dr. Flynn's research is representative of which type of theoretical orientation?

Dr. Simmons has found a strong positive correlation between watching violent cartoons on TV and children's levels of aggression towards others. What can be concluded from this research?

Applying Piaget's theory to educational settings would involve

Heredity-And-Conception

Prenatal-Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy-Physical-Development

Infancy-Cognitive-Development

Infancy-Social-And-Emotional-Development

Early-Childhood-Physical-Development

Early-Childhood-Cognitive-Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical Development

Middle-Childhood-Cognitive-Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Filters

Exam 1: History-Theories-And-Methods

Briefly describe the major theories of child development.

Who suggested that we develop in a healthy fashion by confronting and resolving developmental life crises?

Which stage in Erikson's theory involves the development of independence?

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Oral stage

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Classical conditioning

Which of the following is an example of "time out from positive reinforcement"?

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Stage theory

Informing participants about the results of a study is called

Which thinker suggested that children are born a "tabula rasa?"

Which thinker suggested that children are innately good at birth?

According to Freud, which aspect of our personality is present at birth and is unconscious?

Would Piaget agree with the statement, "Children vary in the order in which they go through cognitive developmental stages and if a child does not succeed in one stage, that child can still succeed in future stages"?

Which of the following methods involves studying development over time?

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Phallic stage

According to Erikson, successful resolution of early life crises sets the stage for positive resolution of later crises.

Birds reared in isolation have been known to build nests, even if they have never seen another bird building a nest, or a nest itself. These built-in, instinctive behaviors are referred to by ethologists as

Dr. Flynn studies children's thought processes. She asks research questions regarding the size of a child's short-term memory and how many programs the child can run simultaneously. Dr. Flynn's research is representative of which type of theoretical orientation?

Dr. Simmons has found a strong positive correlation between watching violent cartoons on TV and children's levels of aggression towards others. What can be concluded from this research?

Applying Piaget's theory to educational settings would involve

Heredity-And-Conception

Prenatal-Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy-Physical-Development

Infancy-Cognitive-Development

Infancy-Social-And-Emotional-Development

Early-Childhood-Physical-Development

Early-Childhood-Cognitive-Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical Development

Middle-Childhood-Cognitive-Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Filters