Question 1

According to Piaget, which of the following represents a scheme for infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Things I can test 
B)  Things I can think about 
C)  Things I can classify 
D)  Things I can grab 
A)  Things I can test 
B)  Things I can think about 
C)  Things I can classify 
D)  Things I can grab

Question 2

Match the following descriptions with the correct term:
-Ethology

Accepted Answer

A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa 
A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa

Question 3

In developmental psychology, how do we define "child?"

Accepted Answer

A)  A person undergoing development from infancy to puberty 
B)  A person undergoing development during the first three years of life 
C)  Any human being, as defined by each individual and culture 
D)  The period of development prior to the development of complex speech 
A)  A person undergoing development from infancy to puberty 
B)  A person undergoing development during the first three years of life 
C)  Any human being, as defined by each individual and culture 
D)  The period of development prior to the development of complex speech

Question 4

What appears to be the most effective way for teachers to increase appropriate behaviors and decrease disruptive behaviors in their students?

Accepted Answer

A)  Be very firm and harsh in response to disruption. 
B)  Do not reinforce the positive but be sure to punish the negative. 
C)  Reinforce appropriate behaviors and ignore misbehavior. 
D)  Classically condition appropriate behaviors while operantly reducing inappropriate behaviors. 
A)  Be very firm and harsh in response to disruption. 
B)  Do not reinforce the positive but be sure to punish the negative. 
C)  Reinforce appropriate behaviors and ignore misbehavior. 
D)  Classically condition appropriate behaviors while operantly reducing inappropriate behaviors.

Question 5

The first stage of psychosocial development is trust vs. mistrust.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Is there research evidence to support the idea that children who are weaned early or breast-fed too long develop oral fixations such as nail biting or smoking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, this has largely been validated. 
B)  No, there is no research evidence to support the claim. 
C)  Yes, for men, but not for women. 
D)  No; instead, the fixation leads to traits such as sloppiness and carelessness. 
A)  Yes, this has largely been validated. 
B)  No, there is no research evidence to support the claim. 
C)  Yes, for men, but not for women. 
D)  No; instead, the fixation leads to traits such as sloppiness and carelessness.

Question 7

Social cognitive theorists, such as Albert Bandura, suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  children do not learn by use of such principles as reinforcement and punishment. 
B)  children do not learn unless they are given hands-on practice with what is to be learned. 
C)  children learn much of what they learn through observation of others. 
D)  parents are the sole determiners of the attitudes their children will hold. 
A)  children do not learn by use of such principles as reinforcement and punishment. 
B)  children do not learn unless they are given hands-on practice with what is to be learned. 
C)  children learn much of what they learn through observation of others. 
D)  parents are the sole determiners of the attitudes their children will hold.

Question 8

How is "theory" defined?

Accepted Answer

A)  Testable predictions about an event 
B)  A formulation of relationships underlying observed events 
C)  A feedback process that predicts development 
D)  A scientific method used to study child development 
A)  Testable predictions about an event 
B)  A formulation of relationships underlying observed events 
C)  A feedback process that predicts development 
D)  A scientific method used to study child development

Question 9

Whereas early childhood includes the ages from 2 to 5 years, middle childhood can best be defined as the

Accepted Answer

A)  blank slate period. 
B)  years from 6 to 12. 
C)  years from 6 to 9. 
D)  time of greatest gains in height and weight. 
A)  blank slate period. 
B)  years from 6 to 12. 
C)  years from 6 to 9. 
D)  time of greatest gains in height and weight.

Question 10

How have children been viewed in different historical eras?

Accepted Answer

A)  As inherently good, with no need of discipline 
B)  As miniature adults from day one 
C)  As unchangeable spirits from birth 
D)  As clean slates changed by experience 
A)  As inherently good, with no need of discipline 
B)  As miniature adults from day one 
C)  As unchangeable spirits from birth 
D)  As clean slates changed by experience

Question 11

Four-year-old Shaunda took part in a research study that investigated the effects of fruit juice consumption on obesity in children. When the study was published in a research journal, Shaunda's name was used in the article. Which guideline of ethical research involving children was violated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parental participation was not obtained. 
B)  Identities of children are to remain confidential. 
C)  Children and parents must be informed of the purposes of the research. 
D)  The researchers did not get proper approval for conducting the study. 
A)  Parental participation was not obtained. 
B)  Identities of children are to remain confidential. 
C)  Children and parents must be informed of the purposes of the research. 
D)  The researchers did not get proper approval for conducting the study.

Question 12

Kareem laughs whenever his neck is touched. Now before touching his neck, his mommy says "gotcha." Pretty soon, as soon as she says "gotcha," Kareem starts to laugh. In this example, what is the conditioned stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Laughing when his neck is touched 
B)  Saying "gotcha" 
C)  Laughing when he hears "gotcha" 
D)  Touching his neck 
A)  Laughing when his neck is touched 
B)  Saying "gotcha" 
C)  Laughing when he hears "gotcha" 
D)  Touching his neck

Question 13

Which of the following represents the weakest correlation between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  +.65 
B)  +.70 
C)  -.20 
D)  +.45 
A)  +.65 
B)  +.70 
C)  -.20 
D)  +.45

Question 14

Which person introduced the concept of reinforcement into behaviorism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud 
B)  Skinner 
C)  Watson 
D)  Piaget 
A)  Freud 
B)  Skinner 
C)  Watson 
D)  Piaget

Question 15

In the study of children, when we take into account factors such as racial and ethnic background, gender, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation, we are

Accepted Answer

A)  considering their diversity. 
B)  examining biological factors that influence their behavior. 
C)  looking at specific factors in the child's exosystem. 
D)  examining the role of positive reinforcement in their behavior. 
A)  considering their diversity. 
B)  examining biological factors that influence their behavior. 
C)  looking at specific factors in the child's exosystem. 
D)  examining the role of positive reinforcement in their behavior.

Question 16

According to Piaget,

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligence is genetic and unfolds through maturation with the passage of time. 
B)  cognition is a simple process that is innate and becomes stronger with experience and time. 
C)  cognitive developments are based upon children's interactions with the environment. 
D)  unconscious forces and impulses play a large role in how our personalities develop. 
A)  intelligence is genetic and unfolds through maturation with the passage of time. 
B)  cognition is a simple process that is innate and becomes stronger with experience and time. 
C)  cognitive developments are based upon children's interactions with the environment. 
D)  unconscious forces and impulses play a large role in how our personalities develop.

Question 17

Match the following descriptions with the correct term:
-Punishment

Accepted Answer

A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa 
A) people distinguished by cultural heritage 
B) distinct periods which occur in an orderly sequence 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) the building blocks of heredity 
E) subjects who do not receive treatment
F)stimulus, response, consequence
G)similar behavior in same-age peers
H)first year of life
I)number ranging from +1.00 to -1.00
J)standardized intelligence test
K)relationships between living organisms and their environment
L)begins in the third year of life
M)quantities that can change over time
N)decreases undesired behavior
O)modify existing schema
P)attitudes and ideologies of a culture
Q)increases desired behavior
R)Pavlov bell-and-pad treatment
S)study of how behaviors specific to a species help them adapt
T)tabula rasa

Question 18

The concept of shaping suggests

Accepted Answer

A)  we can teach complex behaviors by reinforcing small steps toward behavioral goals. 
B)  children will behave the way they behave regardless of parental intervention. 
C)  children learn through observation only. 
D)  children will engage in more disruptive behaviors if you ignore them. 
A)  we can teach complex behaviors by reinforcing small steps toward behavioral goals. 
B)  children will behave the way they behave regardless of parental intervention. 
C)  children learn through observation only. 
D)  children will engage in more disruptive behaviors if you ignore them.

Question 19

Anna is an 8-year-old girl. Her sexual impulses are suppressed, and she spends her time focused on her schoolwork and developing relationships with same-sex friends. Which of Freud's psychosexual stages is Anna in?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phallic 
B)  Latency 
C)  Genital 
D)  Oral 
A)  Phallic 
B)  Latency 
C)  Genital 
D)  Oral

Question 20

The study of development includes an examination of

Accepted Answer

A)  the process of conception, but not the prenatal period. 
B)  the prenatal period only. 
C)  the origin of sperm and ova only. 
D)  the process of conception and the prenatal period. 
A)  the process of conception, but not the prenatal period. 
B)  the prenatal period only. 
C)  the origin of sperm and ova only. 
D)  the process of conception and the prenatal period.

According to Piaget, which of the following represents a scheme for infants?

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Ethology

In developmental psychology, how do we define "child?"

What appears to be the most effective way for teachers to increase appropriate behaviors and decrease disruptive behaviors in their students?

The first stage of psychosocial development is trust vs. mistrust.

Is there research evidence to support the idea that children who are weaned early or breast-fed too long develop oral fixations such as nail biting or smoking?

Social cognitive theorists, such as Albert Bandura, suggest that

How is "theory" defined?

Whereas early childhood includes the ages from 2 to 5 years, middle childhood can best be defined as the

How have children been viewed in different historical eras?

Four-year-old Shaunda took part in a research study that investigated the effects of fruit juice consumption on obesity in children. When the study was published in a research journal, Shaunda's name was used in the article. Which guideline of ethical research involving children was violated?

Kareem laughs whenever his neck is touched. Now before touching his neck, his mommy says "gotcha." Pretty soon, as soon as she says "gotcha," Kareem starts to laugh. In this example, what is the conditioned stimulus?

Which of the following represents the weakest correlation between two variables?

Which person introduced the concept of reinforcement into behaviorism?

In the study of children, when we take into account factors such as racial and ethnic background, gender, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation, we are

According to Piaget,

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Punishment

The concept of shaping suggests

Anna is an 8-year-old girl. Her sexual impulses are suppressed, and she spends her time focused on her schoolwork and developing relationships with same-sex friends. Which of Freud's psychosexual stages is Anna in?

The study of development includes an examination of

Heredity-And-Conception

Prenatal-Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy-Physical-Development

Infancy-Cognitive-Development

Infancy-Social-And-Emotional-Development

Early-Childhood-Physical-Development

Early-Childhood-Cognitive-Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical Development

Middle-Childhood-Cognitive-Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Filters

Exam 1: History-Theories-And-Methods

According to Piaget, which of the following represents a scheme for infants?

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Ethology

In developmental psychology, how do we define "child?"

What appears to be the most effective way for teachers to increase appropriate behaviors and decrease disruptive behaviors in their students?

The first stage of psychosocial development is trust vs. mistrust.

Is there research evidence to support the idea that children who are weaned early or breast-fed too long develop oral fixations such as nail biting or smoking?

Social cognitive theorists, such as Albert Bandura, suggest that

How is "theory" defined?

Whereas early childhood includes the ages from 2 to 5 years, middle childhood can best be defined as the

How have children been viewed in different historical eras?

Four-year-old Shaunda took part in a research study that investigated the effects of fruit juice consumption on obesity in children. When the study was published in a research journal, Shaunda's name was used in the article. Which guideline of ethical research involving children was violated?

Kareem laughs whenever his neck is touched. Now before touching his neck, his mommy says "gotcha." Pretty soon, as soon as she says "gotcha," Kareem starts to laugh. In this example, what is the conditioned stimulus?

Which of the following represents the weakest correlation between two variables?

Which person introduced the concept of reinforcement into behaviorism?

In the study of children, when we take into account factors such as racial and ethnic background, gender, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation, we are

According to Piaget,

Match the following descriptions with the correct term: -Punishment

The concept of shaping suggests

Anna is an 8-year-old girl. Her sexual impulses are suppressed, and she spends her time focused on her schoolwork and developing relationships with same-sex friends. Which of Freud's psychosexual stages is Anna in?

The study of development includes an examination of

Heredity-And-Conception

Prenatal-Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy-Physical-Development

Infancy-Cognitive-Development

Infancy-Social-And-Emotional-Development

Early-Childhood-Physical-Development

Early-Childhood-Cognitive-Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical Development

Middle-Childhood-Cognitive-Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Filters