Question 1

Figure 14- 2 The Corticospinal Pathway
Use Figure 14- 2 to answer the following questions:
-Almost 75 percent of all parasympathetic outflow travels along the

Accepted Answer

A)  vagus nerves. 
B)  facial nerves. 
C)  trigeminal nerve. 
D)  splanchnic nerves. 
E)  glossopharyngeal nerves. 
A)  vagus nerves. 
B)  facial nerves. 
C)  trigeminal nerve. 
D)  splanchnic nerves. 
E)  glossopharyngeal nerves.

Question 2

The integrative centers for autonomic activity are located in the____________

Accepted Answer

The answer of The integrative centers for autonomic activity are...

Question 3

During sympathetic activation, ______ occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)  elevated blood glucose 
B)  sweating 
C)  elevated blood pressure 
D)  elevated heart rate 
E)  all of the above 
A)  elevated blood glucose 
B)  sweating 
C)  elevated blood pressure 
D)  elevated heart rate 
E)  all of the above

Question 4

The spinal tract that unconsciously maintains balance and muscle tone is the_______ tract.

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior corticospinal 
B)  reticulospinal 
C)  lateral corticospinal 
D)  vestibulospinal 
E)  rubrospinal 
A)  anterior corticospinal 
B)  reticulospinal 
C)  lateral corticospinal 
D)  vestibulospinal 
E)  rubrospinal

Question 5

Hallucinogenic drugs, such as LSD, function by

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking acetylcholine receptors. 
B)  stimulating receptors for norepinephrine. 
C)  stimulating serotonin receptors. 
D)  mimicking the action of dopamine. 
E)  increasing the production of GABA. 
A)  blocking acetylcholine receptors. 
B)  stimulating receptors for norepinephrine. 
C)  stimulating serotonin receptors. 
D)  mimicking the action of dopamine. 
E)  increasing the production of GABA.

Question 6

The spinal tract that normally plays a minor role in the control of the distal muscles of the arms is the ________tract.

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior corticospinal 
B)  rubrospinal 
C)  lateral corticospinal 
D)  reticulospinal 
E)  vestibulospinal 
A)  anterior corticospinal 
B)  rubrospinal 
C)  lateral corticospinal 
D)  reticulospinal 
E)  vestibulospinal

Question 7

Figure 14- 2 The Corticospinal Pathway
Use Figure 14- 2 to answer the following questions:
-Specialized ganglionic sympathetic neurons that release hormones into the bloodstream are found within the

Accepted Answer

A)  chain ganglia. 
B)  suprarenal glands. 
C)  collateral ganglia. 
D)  brain stem. 
E)  intramural ganglia. 
A)  chain ganglia. 
B)  suprarenal glands. 
C)  collateral ganglia. 
D)  brain stem. 
E)  intramural ganglia.

Question 8

Based on stimulation studies, the "headquarters" of the reticular activating system appears to be based in the

Accepted Answer

A)  mesencephalon. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  diencephalon. 
D)  pons. 
E)  cerebrum. 
A)  mesencephalon. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  diencephalon. 
D)  pons. 
E)  cerebrum.

Question 9

The medial and lateral motor pathways can modify, or direct, skeletal muscle contractions by _______lower motor neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitating 
B)  inhibiting 
C)  stimulating 
D)  any of the above 
E)  A and C only 
A)  facilitating 
B)  inhibiting 
C)  stimulating 
D)  any of the above 
E)  A and C only

Question 10

The basal nuclei

Accepted Answer

A)  act as gatekeepers, filtering out unnecessary sensorimotor activity. 
B)  initiate conscious motor activity. 
C)  provide the background patterns of movement involved in voluntary motor activities. 
D)  exert direct control over lower motor neurons. 
E)  activate spinal reflexes. 
A)  act as gatekeepers, filtering out unnecessary sensorimotor activity. 
B)  initiate conscious motor activity. 
C)  provide the background patterns of movement involved in voluntary motor activities. 
D)  exert direct control over lower motor neurons. 
E)  activate spinal reflexes.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the relation between stimulus intensity and its neural representation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Strong stimuli produce large generator potentials in sensory receptors. 
B)  Strong stimuli produce large action potentials in sensory afferents. 
C)  Strong stimuli produce a high frequency of action potentials in sensory afferents. 
D)  A and C only 
E)  A, B, and C 
A)  Strong stimuli produce large generator potentials in sensory receptors. 
B)  Strong stimuli produce large action potentials in sensory afferents. 
C)  Strong stimuli produce a high frequency of action potentials in sensory afferents. 
D)  A and C only 
E)  A, B, and C

Question 12

Craniosacral division is another name for the

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic division of the ANS. 
B)  parasympathetic division of the ANS. 
C)  "rest and digest" division. 
D)  both A and C 
E)  both B and C 
A)  sympathetic division of the ANS. 
B)  parasympathetic division of the ANS. 
C)  "rest and digest" division. 
D)  both A and C 
E)  both B and C

Question 13

____receptors are____ times more numerous than _____receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)  Thermoreceptors; three or four; cold 
B)  Cold; 10; warm 
C)  Warm; three or four; cold 
D)  Cold; three or four; warm 
E)  Thermoreceptors; three or four; temperature 
A)  Thermoreceptors; three or four; cold 
B)  Cold; 10; warm 
C)  Warm; three or four; cold 
D)  Cold; three or four; warm 
E)  Thermoreceptors; three or four; temperature

Question 14

Figure 14- 1 Spinothalamic Tracts
Use Figure 14- 1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "5."

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebral cortex 
B)  autonomic ganglion 
C)  primary motor cortex 
D)  thalamus 
E)  primary sensory cortex 
A)  cerebral cortex 
B)  autonomic ganglion 
C)  primary motor cortex 
D)  thalamus 
E)  primary sensory cortex

Question 15

How can an understanding of the neurotransmitter important in the function of the basal nuclei contribute to an understanding the underlying cause for Parkinson disease?

Accepted Answer

Two distinct populations of neurons exis

Question 16

Stimulation of the beta receptors on heart muscle cells results in

Accepted Answer

A)  increased force of contraction. 
B)  the formation of cAMP. 
C)  increased heart rate. 
D)  A, B, and C 
E)  B and C only 
A)  increased force of contraction. 
B)  the formation of cAMP. 
C)  increased heart rate. 
D)  A, B, and C 
E)  B and C only

Question 17

Drugs that block nicotinic receptors would be

Accepted Answer

A)  parasympathetic blocking agents. 
B)  autonomic blocking agents. 
C)  sympathomimetic. 
D)  parasympathomimetic. 
E)  sympathetic blocking agents. 
A)  parasympathetic blocking agents. 
B)  autonomic blocking agents. 
C)  sympathomimetic. 
D)  parasympathomimetic. 
E)  sympathetic blocking agents.

Question 18

The regulation of awake- asleep cycles appears to involve an interplay between brain stem nuclei that use different neurotransmitters. The one that favors alertness is___________ and the other promoting deep sleep is______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate; serotonin 
B)  acetylcholine; serotonin 
C)  dopamine; GABA 
D)  norepinephrine; serotonin 
E)  serotonin; norepinephrine 
A)  glutamate; serotonin 
B)  acetylcholine; serotonin 
C)  dopamine; GABA 
D)  norepinephrine; serotonin 
E)  serotonin; norepinephrine

Question 19

The cerebellum relies on information from

Accepted Answer

A)  the eyes. 
B)  proprioceptive sensations. 
C)  the inner ear as movements are under way. 
D)  motor commands from upper motor neurons. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  the eyes. 
B)  proprioceptive sensations. 
C)  the inner ear as movements are under way. 
D)  motor commands from upper motor neurons. 
E)  all of the above

Question 20

Central adaptation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in motor receptivity of a neuron. 
B)  increases in conscious perception of a sensory stimulus. 
C)  inhibition of nuclei located along a sensory pathway. 
D)  a characteristic of phasic receptors. 
E)  the decline in activity of peripheral receptors when stimulated. 
A)  a change in motor receptivity of a neuron. 
B)  increases in conscious perception of a sensory stimulus. 
C)  inhibition of nuclei located along a sensory pathway. 
D)  a characteristic of phasic receptors. 
E)  the decline in activity of peripheral receptors when stimulated.

Exam 14: Neural Integration

Figure 14- 2 The Corticospinal Pathway Use Figure 14- 2 to answer the following questions: -Almost 75 percent of all parasympathetic outflow travels along the

The integrative centers for autonomic activity are located in the____________

During sympathetic activation, ______ occurs.

The spinal tract that unconsciously maintains balance and muscle tone is the_______ tract.

Hallucinogenic drugs, such as LSD, function by

The spinal tract that normally plays a minor role in the control of the distal muscles of the arms is the ________tract.

Figure 14- 2 The Corticospinal Pathway Use Figure 14- 2 to answer the following questions: -Specialized ganglionic sympathetic neurons that release hormones into the bloodstream are found within the

Based on stimulation studies, the "headquarters" of the reticular activating system appears to be based in the

The medial and lateral motor pathways can modify, or direct, skeletal muscle contractions by _______lower motor neurons.

The basal nuclei

Which of the following is true about the relation between stimulus intensity and its neural representation?

Craniosacral division is another name for the

____receptors are____ times more numerous than _____receptors.

Figure 14- 1 Spinothalamic Tracts Use Figure 14- 1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "5."

How can an understanding of the neurotransmitter important in the function of the basal nuclei contribute to an understanding the underlying cause for Parkinson disease?

Stimulation of the beta receptors on heart muscle cells results in

Drugs that block nicotinic receptors would be

The regulation of awake- asleep cycles appears to involve an interplay between brain stem nuclei that use different neurotransmitters. The one that favors alertness is___________ and the other promoting deep sleep is______ .

The cerebellum relies on information from

Central adaptation refers to

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Articulations

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The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Special Senses

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Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

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receptors are times more numerous than _receptors.

The regulation of awake- asleep cycles appears to involve an interplay between brain stem nuclei that use different neurotransmitters. The one that favors alertness is_____ and the other promoting deep sleep is .