Question 1

One of the major difficulties involved in studying human beings is that

Accepted Answer

A)  they often behave differently when they are being studied than they would otherwise. 
B)  suspicion checks reveal that measures of deception rarely work. 
C)  participants will rarely give their informed consent to participate. 
D)  the IRB only permits about 5 percent of all proposed studies to be carried out. 
A)  they often behave differently when they are being studied than they would otherwise. 
B)  suspicion checks reveal that measures of deception rarely work. 
C)  participants will rarely give their informed consent to participate. 
D)  the IRB only permits about 5 percent of all proposed studies to be carried out. A

Question 2

Which scientific fields face ethical dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only behavioral science 
B)  Medical science and behavioral science 
C)  Physical science and medical science 
D)  All fields of science 
A)  Only behavioral science 
B)  Medical science and behavioral science 
C)  Physical science and medical science 
D)  All fields of science D

Question 3

Why are ethics a concern in behavioral research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because the participants are human and researchers are obligated to protect them from harm. 
B)  Because researchers can be fined by the American Psychological Association if they do not follow ethical guidelines. 
C)  Because animals are not given equal rights during an experiment. 
D)  Behavioral scientists do not normally need to consider ethical issues when conducting research. 
A)  Because the participants are human and researchers are obligated to protect them from harm. 
B)  Because researchers can be fined by the American Psychological Association if they do not follow ethical guidelines. 
C)  Because animals are not given equal rights during an experiment. 
D)  Behavioral scientists do not normally need to consider ethical issues when conducting research. A

Question 4

The Stanford prison experiment, in which college students were recruited to play the roles of guards and prisoners in a prison, is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  deception study. 
B)  simulation study. 
C)  correlational study. 
D)  mutual disclosure study. 
A)  deception study. 
B)  simulation study. 
C)  correlational study. 
D)  mutual disclosure study.

Question 5

The difference between debriefing and process debriefing is that process debriefing involves

Accepted Answer

A)  passively undoing any potentially harmful effects. 
B)  showing the participants' data to them. 
C)  actively undoing any potentially harmful effects. 
D)  guaranteeing that participants are returned to their original state. 
A)  passively undoing any potentially harmful effects. 
B)  showing the participants' data to them. 
C)  actively undoing any potentially harmful effects. 
D)  guaranteeing that participants are returned to their original state.

Question 6

Which of the following best represents the goals of ethical research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Making sure participants do not know the experimental manipulation 
B)  Giving participants a chance to guess what the research is about. 
C)  The welfare of research participants is taken into consideration and the research is reported honestly and fairly. 
D)  Allowing participants to discuss the study with the researcher when it is finished 
A)  Making sure participants do not know the experimental manipulation 
B)  Giving participants a chance to guess what the research is about. 
C)  The welfare of research participants is taken into consideration and the research is reported honestly and fairly. 
D)  Allowing participants to discuss the study with the researcher when it is finished

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a goal of the post-experimental interview?

Accepted Answer

A)  To see if the participant had suspicions about the nature of the experiment 
B)  To educate the participants about behavioral research 
C)  To get the participant interested in participating in follow up experiments 
D)  To eliminate any long-term consequences of having participated in the experiment 
A)  To see if the participant had suspicions about the nature of the experiment 
B)  To educate the participants about behavioral research 
C)  To get the participant interested in participating in follow up experiments 
D)  To eliminate any long-term consequences of having participated in the experiment

Question 8

Which one of the following is NOT part of informed consent?

Accepted Answer

A)  A statement that participation is voluntary 
B)  A description of risks 
C)  Making sure that there will be no long term effects for the participant 
D)  A description of the procedures 
A)  A statement that participation is voluntary 
B)  A description of risks 
C)  Making sure that there will be no long term effects for the participant 
D)  A description of the procedures

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the danger of psychological harm to the participant in behavioral research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychological harm occurs on a regular basis. 
B)  Psychological harm never occurs to participants. 
C)  Psychological harm is not part of the ethical concerns of scientists. 
D)  Psychological harm is not likely, but scientists must always watch out for the possibility that it might occur. 
A)  Psychological harm occurs on a regular basis. 
B)  Psychological harm never occurs to participants. 
C)  Psychological harm is not part of the ethical concerns of scientists. 
D)  Psychological harm is not likely, but scientists must always watch out for the possibility that it might occur.

Question 10

Which of the following is a right of the experimental participant?

Accepted Answer

A)  The right to be informed of all outcomes of the research 
B)  The right to sue the university if he or she is injured 
C)  The right to fully understand the research hypothesis 
D)  The right to withdraw from participation without any penalty at any time 
A)  The right to be informed of all outcomes of the research 
B)  The right to sue the university if he or she is injured 
C)  The right to fully understand the research hypothesis 
D)  The right to withdraw from participation without any penalty at any time

Question 11

Which of the following organizations provides ethical guidelines for research?

Accepted Answer

A)  American Psychological Association 
B)  U.S. Department of Research 
C)  United Legion of Ethics 
D)  American Ethical Association 
A)  American Psychological Association 
B)  U.S. Department of Research 
C)  United Legion of Ethics 
D)  American Ethical Association

Question 12

Which of the following is an important aspect of informed consent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Informing the participant about the results of the study. 
B)  Informing the participant about any potential discomfort and risk 
C)  Keeping the names of the experimenters confidential 
D)  Informing the participant whether he or she is in the experimental or the control condition 
A)  Informing the participant about the results of the study. 
B)  Informing the participant about any potential discomfort and risk 
C)  Keeping the names of the experimenters confidential 
D)  Informing the participant whether he or she is in the experimental or the control condition

Question 13

Why is deception usually used in research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because the scientific method requires it 
B)  Because the experimental method requires it 
C)  Because some research topics could not be studied without it 
D)  So that the participants cannot tell others about the research hypothesis 
A)  Because the scientific method requires it 
B)  Because the experimental method requires it 
C)  Because some research topics could not be studied without it 
D)  So that the participants cannot tell others about the research hypothesis

Question 14

Which is NOT one of the four basic goals of ethical research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Providing freedom of choice 
B)  Keeping the participant free of physical or mental harm 
C)  Honestly describing the research being performed 
D)  Using deception to make sure results will not be hindered 
A)  Providing freedom of choice 
B)  Keeping the participant free of physical or mental harm 
C)  Honestly describing the research being performed 
D)  Using deception to make sure results will not be hindered

Question 15

According to the guidelines of the American Psychological Association, deception can be used

Accepted Answer

A)  whenever the experimenter needs to study natural behavior. 
B)  only if the experiment could not be conducted without using deception. 
C)  never-deception is always unethical. 
D)  anytime when necessary as long as the participant is debriefed. 
A)  whenever the experimenter needs to study natural behavior. 
B)  only if the experiment could not be conducted without using deception. 
C)  never-deception is always unethical. 
D)  anytime when necessary as long as the participant is debriefed.

Question 16

A study in which participants are fully informed about the nature of the research and asked to behave "as if" they were in a social setting of interest is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  acting experiment. 
B)  simulation study. 
C)  simulated realism experiment. 
D)  deceptive study. 
A)  acting experiment. 
B)  simulation study. 
C)  simulated realism experiment. 
D)  deceptive study.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the likely behavior of a research participant?

Accepted Answer

A)  The participant will normally be willing to leave the experiment if he or she experiences discomfort. 
B)  It may be difficult for the participant to express a desire to leave the experiment. 
C)  The experiment will cause psychological discomfort to many individuals. 
D)  The participant will usually be aware of the research hypothesis. 
A)  The participant will normally be willing to leave the experiment if he or she experiences discomfort. 
B)  It may be difficult for the participant to express a desire to leave the experiment. 
C)  The experiment will cause psychological discomfort to many individuals. 
D)  The participant will usually be aware of the research hypothesis.

Question 18

Which of the following is a potential negative consequence of the use of deception in behavioral research?

Accepted Answer

A)  The participants may believe the deception. 
B)  The deception may cause the participants to guess what is being studied. 
C)  Participants may learn to expect to be deceived in future experiments, making those experiments harder to conduct. 
D)  The deception may undermine the ability of the researcher to fully understand the collected data. 
A)  The participants may believe the deception. 
B)  The deception may cause the participants to guess what is being studied. 
C)  Participants may learn to expect to be deceived in future experiments, making those experiments harder to conduct. 
D)  The deception may undermine the ability of the researcher to fully understand the collected data.

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding the use of animals in behavioral research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers do not use animals in research. 
B)  Animals are never harmed in any way. 
C)  Animals are not subjected to any stress. 
D)  Animals may sometimes be harmed during the research, but in general they are treated as humanely as possible. 
A)  Researchers do not use animals in research. 
B)  Animals are never harmed in any way. 
C)  Animals are not subjected to any stress. 
D)  Animals may sometimes be harmed during the research, but in general they are treated as humanely as possible.

Question 20

Deception within an experiment can become unethical when

Accepted Answer

A)  the participant acts more like how he or she would act in a natural setting. 
B)  the participant is debriefed on why they were deceived after the experiment is over. 
C)  a participant feels frustrated during the study and continues to feel that way for several days. 
D)  despite being suspicious about the study, the participant trusts the aims of the researcher. 
A)  the participant acts more like how he or she would act in a natural setting. 
B)  the participant is debriefed on why they were deceived after the experiment is over. 
C)  a participant feels frustrated during the study and continues to feel that way for several days. 
D)  despite being suspicious about the study, the participant trusts the aims of the researcher.

One of the major difficulties involved in studying human beings is that

Which scientific fields face ethical dilemmas?

Why are ethics a concern in behavioral research?

The Stanford prison experiment, in which college students were recruited to play the roles of guards and prisoners in a prison, is an example of a

The difference between debriefing and process debriefing is that process debriefing involves

Which of the following best represents the goals of ethical research?

Which of the following is NOT a goal of the post-experimental interview?

Which one of the following is NOT part of informed consent?

Which of the following best describes the danger of psychological harm to the participant in behavioral research?

Which of the following is a right of the experimental participant?

Which of the following organizations provides ethical guidelines for research?

Which of the following is an important aspect of informed consent?

Why is deception usually used in research?

Which is NOT one of the four basic goals of ethical research?

According to the guidelines of the American Psychological Association, deception can be used

A study in which participants are fully informed about the nature of the research and asked to behave "as if" they were in a social setting of interest is known as a(n)

Which of the following best describes the likely behavior of a research participant?

Which of the following is a potential negative consequence of the use of deception in behavioral research?

Which of the following is true regarding the use of animals in behavioral research?

Deception within an experiment can become unethical when

Introduction to Research

Developing the Research Hypothesis

Measures

Reliability and Validity

Surveys and Sampling

Naturalistic Methods

Hypothesis Testing and Inferential Statistics

Correlational Research Designs

Experimental Research: One-Way Designs

Experimental Research: Factorial Designs

Experimental Control and Internal Validity

External Validity

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs

Reporting Research Results

Data Preparation and Univariate Statistics

Bivariate Statistics

Multivariate Statistics

Filters

Exam 3: Ethics in Research

One of the major difficulties involved in studying human beings is that

Which scientific fields face ethical dilemmas?

Why are ethics a concern in behavioral research?

The Stanford prison experiment, in which college students were recruited to play the roles of guards and prisoners in a prison, is an example of a

The difference between debriefing and process debriefing is that process debriefing involves

Which of the following best represents the goals of ethical research?

Which of the following is NOT a goal of the post-experimental interview?

Which one of the following is NOT part of informed consent?

Which of the following best describes the danger of psychological harm to the participant in behavioral research?

Which of the following is a right of the experimental participant?

Which of the following organizations provides ethical guidelines for research?

Which of the following is an important aspect of informed consent?

Why is deception usually used in research?

Which is NOT one of the four basic goals of ethical research?

According to the guidelines of the American Psychological Association, deception can be used

A study in which participants are fully informed about the nature of the research and asked to behave "as if" they were in a social setting of interest is known as a(n)

Which of the following best describes the likely behavior of a research participant?

Which of the following is a potential negative consequence of the use of deception in behavioral research?

Which of the following is true regarding the use of animals in behavioral research?

Deception within an experiment can become unethical when

Introduction to Research

Developing the Research Hypothesis

Measures

Reliability and Validity

Surveys and Sampling

Naturalistic Methods

Hypothesis Testing and Inferential Statistics

Correlational Research Designs

Experimental Research: One-Way Designs

Experimental Research: Factorial Designs

Experimental Control and Internal Validity

External Validity

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs

Reporting Research Results

Data Preparation and Univariate Statistics

Bivariate Statistics

Multivariate Statistics

Filters