Question 1

Which of the following is an advantage of a two-way factorial design over a one-way experimental design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two different kappas can be computed. 
B)  It is easier to reject the null hypothesis. 
C)  It allows studying the effects of more than one independent variable simultaneously. 
D)  It requires fewer statistical analyses. 
A)  Two different kappas can be computed. 
B)  It is easier to reject the null hypothesis. 
C)  It allows studying the effects of more than one independent variable simultaneously. 
D)  It requires fewer statistical analyses. C

Question 2

The results of a study show that, regardless of whether they viewed cartoons or television shows, children who viewed a violent show acted more aggressively than children who saw a nonviolent show. This finding represents a

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-over interaction. 
B)  main effect. 
C)  simple effect. 
D)  marginal effect. 
A)  cross-over interaction. 
B)  main effect. 
C)  simple effect. 
D)  marginal effect. B

Question 3

A scientist who decides to compare condition means after the experiment has already been run will need to use which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pairwise comparisons 
B)  Post hoc comparisons 
C)  Planned comparisons 
D)  Complex comparisons 
A)  Pairwise comparisons 
B)  Post hoc comparisons 
C)  Planned comparisons 
D)  Complex comparisons B

Question 4

A schematic diagram is used to

Accepted Answer

A)  diagram the specific predictions of the research hypothesis. 
B)  undo the interactions that occurred in an experiment. 
C)  present the means of the independent variable. 
D)  describe the research hypothesis in terms of predicted correlations. 
A)  diagram the specific predictions of the research hypothesis. 
B)  undo the interactions that occurred in an experiment. 
C)  present the means of the independent variable. 
D)  describe the research hypothesis in terms of predicted correlations.

Question 5

How many main effects and interactions are there in a 2 x 4 x 3 design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Three main effects and one interaction 
B)  Four main effects and twenty-four interactions 
C)  Three main effects and four interactions 
D)  Two main effects and two interactions 
A)  Three main effects and one interaction 
B)  Four main effects and twenty-four interactions 
C)  Three main effects and four interactions 
D)  Two main effects and two interactions

Question 6

In a three-way factorial design, the three-way interaction can be interpreted to mean which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two of the two-way interactions have different patterns of means. 
B)  All three main effects are significant. 
C)  At least one two-way interaction is significant. 
D)  None of the two-way interactions is significant. 
A)  Two of the two-way interactions have different patterns of means. 
B)  All three main effects are significant. 
C)  At least one two-way interaction is significant. 
D)  None of the two-way interactions is significant.

Question 7

A post hoc comparison

Accepted Answer

A)  compares means in which specific differences were predicted by the research hypothesis. 
B)  makes comparisons that were not planned ahead of time. 
C)  helps to increase the experimentwise alpha. 
D)  is an example of a complex comparison. 
A)  compares means in which specific differences were predicted by the research hypothesis. 
B)  makes comparisons that were not planned ahead of time. 
C)  helps to increase the experimentwise alpha. 
D)  is an example of a complex comparison.

Question 8

A mixed factorial design is one that

Accepted Answer

A)  uses both between-participant and repeated-measures factors. 
B)  uses factors with different numbers of levels. 
C)  has both main effects and interactions. 
D)  has more than one significant F value. 
A)  uses both between-participant and repeated-measures factors. 
B)  uses factors with different numbers of levels. 
C)  has both main effects and interactions. 
D)  has more than one significant F value.

Question 9

Stephen and Pham (2007) measured trust in feelings by having participants list either 2 or 10 situations in which they had trusted in their feelings. The researchers then measured the extent to which the participants thought that they would trust in their feelings if they were to perform a task. The researchers used this measures aswhich of the following.

Accepted Answer

A)  A measured variable. 
B)  A confounding variable. 
C)  An independent variable. 
D)  A manipulation check. 
A)  A measured variable. 
B)  A confounding variable. 
C)  An independent variable. 
D)  A manipulation check.

Question 10

Stephen and Phan (2007) measured trust in feelings by having participants list either 2 or 10 situations in which they had trusted their feelings. Which of the following results did the researchers find>

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants in the high trust in feelings condition made less generous offers. 
B)  Participants in the high trust in feelings condition made more generous offers. 
C)  Participants in the high trust in feelings condition played the game longer. 
D)  Participants in the high trust in feelings condition cooperated more. 
A)  Participants in the high trust in feelings condition made less generous offers. 
B)  Participants in the high trust in feelings condition made more generous offers. 
C)  Participants in the high trust in feelings condition played the game longer. 
D)  Participants in the high trust in feelings condition cooperated more.

Question 11

Complex comparisons are usually made using

Accepted Answer

A)  complex tests. 
B)  post hoc comparisons. 
C)  contrast tests. 
D)  pairwise comparisons. 
A)  complex tests. 
B)  post hoc comparisons. 
C)  contrast tests. 
D)  pairwise comparisons.

Question 12

In a factorial design, the researcher may find

Accepted Answer

A)  interactions only. 
B)  main effects only. 
C)  either main effects or interactions, but not both. 
D)  both main effects and interactions. 
A)  interactions only. 
B)  main effects only. 
C)  either main effects or interactions, but not both. 
D)  both main effects and interactions.

Question 13

Consider a 2 x 2 experiment design in which both study time and sleep time have been manipulated and learning has been measured. If a main effect of sleep time is found, this can be interpreted to mean which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sleep time affects learning, controlling for study time. 
B)  Study time has no effect on learning. 
C)  Study time and sleep time both influence learning. 
D)  The interaction between study time and sleep time is not significant. 
A)  Sleep time affects learning, controlling for study time. 
B)  Study time has no effect on learning. 
C)  Study time and sleep time both influence learning. 
D)  The interaction between study time and sleep time is not significant.

Question 14

A 2 x 2 x 2 design has

Accepted Answer

A)  three factors with two levels each. 
B)  six conditions and two cells each. 
C)  eight factors with three levels each. 
D)  eight conditions with two factors each. 
A)  three factors with two levels each. 
B)  six conditions and two cells each. 
C)  eight factors with three levels each. 
D)  eight conditions with two factors each.

Question 15

A 2 x 3 x 4 factorial design has

Accepted Answer

A)  three factors and twenty-four conditions. 
B)  six levels and twenty-four conditions. 
C)  three levels and twelve conditions. 
D)  twelve levels and twenty-four conditions. 
A)  three factors and twenty-four conditions. 
B)  six levels and twenty-four conditions. 
C)  three levels and twelve conditions. 
D)  twelve levels and twenty-four conditions.

Question 16

In a factorial design in which the factors are crossed,

Accepted Answer

A)  each of the factors has more than two levels. 
B)  each of the factors has a different number of levels. 
C)  each level of one factor occurs with each level of the other factor. 
D)  there are more levels than conditions. 
A)  each of the factors has more than two levels. 
B)  each of the factors has a different number of levels. 
C)  each level of one factor occurs with each level of the other factor. 
D)  there are more levels than conditions.

Question 17

When specific comparisons have not been planned ahead of time, increases in experimentwise alpha that occur when many comparisons are made can be reduced by using which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pairwise comparisons 
B)  Post hoc comparisons 
C)  Planned comparisons 
D)  Increases in experimentwise alpha cannot be reduced after the experiment has been run. 
A)  Pairwise comparisons 
B)  Post hoc comparisons 
C)  Planned comparisons 
D)  Increases in experimentwise alpha cannot be reduced after the experiment has been run.

Question 18

A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design has

Accepted Answer

A)  three main effects, three two-way interactions, and one three-way interaction. 
B)  three main effects, one two-way interaction, and three three-way interactions. 
C)  three main effects, one two-way interaction, and one three-way interaction. 
D)  three main effects and one two-way interaction. 
A)  three main effects, three two-way interactions, and one three-way interaction. 
B)  three main effects, one two-way interaction, and three three-way interactions. 
C)  three main effects, one two-way interaction, and one three-way interaction. 
D)  three main effects and one two-way interaction.

Question 19

A crossover interaction occurs in a 2 x 2 factorial design when

Accepted Answer

A)  the means on one dependent variable are different within a level of another dependent variable. 
B)  there are differences on the dependent measure across the levels of any one factor. 
C)  the simple effect in one level of the second variable is the same as the simple effect in the other level of the second variable. 
D)  the simple effects are opposite in direction. 
A)  the means on one dependent variable are different within a level of another dependent variable. 
B)  there are differences on the dependent measure across the levels of any one factor. 
C)  the simple effect in one level of the second variable is the same as the simple effect in the other level of the second variable. 
D)  the simple effects are opposite in direction.

Question 20

In order to confirm a research hypothesis in a factorial design there must be both

Accepted Answer

A)  a correct research hypothesis and a significant interaction. 
B)  a Type 1 and a Type 2 error. 
C)  a p-value and a two-tailed test. 
D)  a significant interaction and a predicted pattern of observed means. 
A)  a correct research hypothesis and a significant interaction. 
B)  a Type 1 and a Type 2 error. 
C)  a p-value and a two-tailed test. 
D)  a significant interaction and a predicted pattern of observed means.

Which of the following is an advantage of a two-way factorial design over a one-way experimental design?

The results of a study show that, regardless of whether they viewed cartoons or television shows, children who viewed a violent show acted more aggressively than children who saw a nonviolent show. This finding represents a

A scientist who decides to compare condition means after the experiment has already been run will need to use which of the following?

A schematic diagram is used to

How many main effects and interactions are there in a 2 x 4 x 3 design?

In a three-way factorial design, the three-way interaction can be interpreted to mean which of the following?

A post hoc comparison

A mixed factorial design is one that

Stephen and Phan (2007) measured trust in feelings by having participants list either 2 or 10 situations in which they had trusted their feelings. Which of the following results did the researchers find>

Complex comparisons are usually made using

In a factorial design, the researcher may find

Consider a 2 x 2 experiment design in which both study time and sleep time have been manipulated and learning has been measured. If a main effect of sleep time is found, this can be interpreted to mean which of the following?

A 2 x 2 x 2 design has

A 2 x 3 x 4 factorial design has

In a factorial design in which the factors are crossed,

When specific comparisons have not been planned ahead of time, increases in experimentwise alpha that occur when many comparisons are made can be reduced by using which of the following?

A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design has

A crossover interaction occurs in a 2 x 2 factorial design when

In order to confirm a research hypothesis in a factorial design there must be both

Introduction to Research

Developing the Research Hypothesis

Ethics in Research

Measures

Reliability and Validity

Surveys and Sampling

Naturalistic Methods

Hypothesis Testing and Inferential Statistics

Correlational Research Designs

Experimental Research: One-Way Designs

Experimental Control and Internal Validity

External Validity

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs

Reporting Research Results

Data Preparation and Univariate Statistics

Bivariate Statistics

Multivariate Statistics

Filters

Exam 11: Experimental Research: Factorial Designs

Which of the following is an advantage of a two-way factorial design over a one-way experimental design?

The results of a study show that, regardless of whether they viewed cartoons or television shows, children who viewed a violent show acted more aggressively than children who saw a nonviolent show. This finding represents a

A scientist who decides to compare condition means after the experiment has already been run will need to use which of the following?

A schematic diagram is used to

How many main effects and interactions are there in a 2 x 4 x 3 design?

In a three-way factorial design, the three-way interaction can be interpreted to mean which of the following?

A post hoc comparison

A mixed factorial design is one that

Stephen and Phan (2007) measured trust in feelings by having participants list either 2 or 10 situations in which they had trusted their feelings. Which of the following results did the researchers find>

Complex comparisons are usually made using

In a factorial design, the researcher may find

Consider a 2 x 2 experiment design in which both study time and sleep time have been manipulated and learning has been measured. If a main effect of sleep time is found, this can be interpreted to mean which of the following?

A 2 x 2 x 2 design has

A 2 x 3 x 4 factorial design has

In a factorial design in which the factors are crossed,

When specific comparisons have not been planned ahead of time, increases in experimentwise alpha that occur when many comparisons are made can be reduced by using which of the following?

A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design has

A crossover interaction occurs in a 2 x 2 factorial design when

In order to confirm a research hypothesis in a factorial design there must be both

Introduction to Research

Developing the Research Hypothesis

Ethics in Research

Measures

Reliability and Validity

Surveys and Sampling

Naturalistic Methods

Hypothesis Testing and Inferential Statistics

Correlational Research Designs

Experimental Research: One-Way Designs

Experimental Control and Internal Validity

External Validity

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs

Reporting Research Results

Data Preparation and Univariate Statistics

Bivariate Statistics

Multivariate Statistics

Filters