Question 1

Which of the following is a good summary of the Mellanby effect, according to your text?

Accepted Answer

A)  A person feels more intoxicated when the alcohol levels are falling, after the neurons have been affected by the alcohol molecules. 
B)  A person feels more intoxicated as the blood alcohol level is rising 
C)  The alcohol ingested causes the body to become stimulated. 
D)  The alcohol ingested causes the release of opioid peptides in the peripheral regions of the body. 
A)  A person feels more intoxicated when the alcohol levels are falling, after the neurons have been affected by the alcohol molecules. 
B)  A person feels more intoxicated as the blood alcohol level is rising 
C)  The alcohol ingested causes the body to become stimulated. 
D)  The alcohol ingested causes the release of opioid peptides in the peripheral regions of the body. B

Question 2

The sense of euphoria that many drinkers report is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  the release of opioid peptides in the peripheral regions of the body, which eventually reach the brain's pleasure center and accounts for alcohol's slow onset of action. 
B)  alcohol's ability to stimulate the release of alcohol dehydrogenase in the stomach. 
C)  alcohol's ability to stimulate the brain's reward system. 
D)  the release of glucose by the liver, directly causing the reward cascade in the brain. 
A)  the release of opioid peptides in the peripheral regions of the body, which eventually reach the brain's pleasure center and accounts for alcohol's slow onset of action. 
B)  alcohol's ability to stimulate the release of alcohol dehydrogenase in the stomach. 
C)  alcohol's ability to stimulate the brain's reward system. 
D)  the release of glucose by the liver, directly causing the reward cascade in the brain. C

Question 3

Describe the characteristics of a rare, or social, drinker.

Accepted Answer

A rare or social drinker is someone who consumes alcohol infrequently and in moderation. They may only drink on special occasions or in social settings, such as at parties or gatherings with friends. Rare drinkers typically do not feel the need to drink regularly and may go weeks or even months without consuming alcohol. When they do drink, they are able to control their intake and are not at risk of developing alcohol dependence or addiction. They are also mindful of their limits and are able to stop drinking when they feel they have had enough. Overall, rare or social drinkers have a healthy relationship with alcohol and do not let it interfere with their daily lives or responsibilities.

Question 4

Explain what is meant when alcohol is described as a "dirty" compound.

Accepted Answer

When alcohol is described as a "dirty" c

Question 5

All of the following are end products of the alcohol biotransformation process EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  aldehyde dehydrogenase. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  carbon dioxide. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
A)  aldehyde dehydrogenase. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  carbon dioxide. 
D)  carbohydrates.

Question 6

Jamal will have an occasional glass of wine with dinner, does not require daily use of alcohol to function, has never had any negative consequences due to his drinking, and does not use alcohol for continuous periods of time. Jamal would most likely be considered

Accepted Answer

A)  someone with an alcohol addiction. 
B)  someone with an alcohol abuse problem. 
C)  a binge drinker. 
D)  a rare or social drinker. 
A)  someone with an alcohol addiction. 
B)  someone with an alcohol abuse problem. 
C)  a binge drinker. 
D)  a rare or social drinker.

Question 7

Prohibition in the United States could be described as a social experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  failed 
B)  successful 
C)  primitive 
D)  neutral 
A)  failed 
B)  successful 
C)  primitive 
D)  neutral

Question 8

As a general rule, the can biotransform alcohol at the rate of one 12-ounce can of beer, one glass of wine, or one standard drink per hour.

Accepted Answer

A)  duodenum 
B)  pancreas 
C)  liver 
D)  glutamate 
A)  duodenum 
B)  pancreas 
C)  liver 
D)  glutamate

Question 9

One major consequence of distillation is

Accepted Answer

A)  many of the vitamins and minerals found in the mash prior to distillation are lost. 
B)  you cannot achieve an alcohol level higher than 30 percent. 
C)  the flavor is enhanced, but only for products made from certain species of grapes. 
D)  it is necessary to warm the resulting fluid to body temperature to serve it. 
A)  many of the vitamins and minerals found in the mash prior to distillation are lost. 
B)  you cannot achieve an alcohol level higher than 30 percent. 
C)  the flavor is enhanced, but only for products made from certain species of grapes. 
D)  it is necessary to warm the resulting fluid to body temperature to serve it.

Question 10

According to your text, all of the following are methods by which alcohol has been introduced into the body EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  orally. 
B)  transdermal administration. 
C)  as a vapor. 
D)  intravenously. 
A)  orally. 
B)  transdermal administration. 
C)  as a vapor. 
D)  intravenously.

Question 11

Describe the symptoms and treatments for hangovers. What is believed to be the basic causal factor(s) of a hangover?

Accepted Answer

Hangovers are characterized by a range o

Question 12

According to your text, the highest concentration of alcohol that can be achieved from fermentation is about

Accepted Answer

A)  22 percent. 
B)  28 percent. 
C)  15 percent. 
D)  8 percent. 
A)  22 percent. 
B)  28 percent. 
C)  15 percent. 
D)  8 percent.

Question 13

The most popular alcohol-containing beverage in the United States is

Accepted Answer

A)  beer. 
B)  wine. 
C)  whiskey. 
D)  rum. 
A)  beer. 
B)  wine. 
C)  whiskey. 
D)  rum.

Question 14

According to your text, why do people consume alcohol?

Accepted Answer

People consume alcohol for a variety of

Question 15

Presently, percent of the human population is intoxicated at any given moment.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.25 
B)  0.5 
C)  0.7 
D)  1.2 
A)  0.25 
B)  0.5 
C)  0.7 
D)  1.2

Question 16

According to your text, many historians believe

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol was the cause of the Protestant reformation in Europe. 
B)  alcohol was one reason for the expansion of the Roman empire. 
C)  alcohol may have been one factor in the rise of civilization. 
D)  the brewing of alcohol resulted in the widespread application of the new science of biochemistry that emerged during the mid-13th century. 
A)  alcohol was the cause of the Protestant reformation in Europe. 
B)  alcohol was one reason for the expansion of the Roman empire. 
C)  alcohol may have been one factor in the rise of civilization. 
D)  the brewing of alcohol resulted in the widespread application of the new science of biochemistry that emerged during the mid-13th century.

Question 17

A friend of yours is a rare drinker, perhaps drinking one or two mixed drinks a month when out for dinner. You know this will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase that person's risk of a hemorrhagic stroke. 
B)  improve muscle coordination as the alcohol removes doubts and inhibitions. 
C)  improve respiration, allowing more oxygenated blood to reach the muscles and brain. 
D)  improve visual peripheral field perception, allowing the person to see and then anticipate tactics used by defensive players. 
A)  increase that person's risk of a hemorrhagic stroke. 
B)  improve muscle coordination as the alcohol removes doubts and inhibitions. 
C)  improve respiration, allowing more oxygenated blood to reach the muscles and brain. 
D)  improve visual peripheral field perception, allowing the person to see and then anticipate tactics used by defensive players.

Question 18

Currently, scientists believe that alcohol is a "dirty" compound. This means

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol shows a preference for a specific receptor site. 
B)  alcohol decreases the effects of GABA. 
C)  alcohol gets contaminated during the fermentation process. 
D)  alcohol alters the action of various neurotransmitters and interferes with the action of messenger molecules within the neuron. 
A)  alcohol shows a preference for a specific receptor site. 
B)  alcohol decreases the effects of GABA. 
C)  alcohol gets contaminated during the fermentation process. 
D)  alcohol alters the action of various neurotransmitters and interferes with the action of messenger molecules within the neuron.

Question 19

Your aunt, who suffers from sleep apnea, likes to have a "wee shot of brandy" before going to bed to help her sleep better. Based on your textbook, this

Accepted Answer

A)  can suppress or improve the symptoms of sleep apnea. 
B)  can exacerbate the symptoms of sleep apnea. 
C)  will have no effect on her sleep apnea symptoms. 
D)  will have little effect on her sleep apnea if she waits 20 minutes before going to bed. 
A)  can suppress or improve the symptoms of sleep apnea. 
B)  can exacerbate the symptoms of sleep apnea. 
C)  will have no effect on her sleep apnea symptoms. 
D)  will have little effect on her sleep apnea if she waits 20 minutes before going to bed.

Question 20

As a physician on duty in the emergency room, you could expect

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol ingestion would make drinkers so relaxed that they would suffer fewer head injuries than nondrinkers in similar automobile accidents. 
B)  about half of the patients you see who have a traumatic injury will have been drinking immediately prior to the incident. 
C)  improved survival rates for drinkers, who would be more likely to be thrown from a vehicle during an accident. 
D)  no relationship between the individual's alcohol use status and his or her having suffered a traumatic injury of some kind. 
A)  alcohol ingestion would make drinkers so relaxed that they would suffer fewer head injuries than nondrinkers in similar automobile accidents. 
B)  about half of the patients you see who have a traumatic injury will have been drinking immediately prior to the incident. 
C)  improved survival rates for drinkers, who would be more likely to be thrown from a vehicle during an accident. 
D)  no relationship between the individual's alcohol use status and his or her having suffered a traumatic injury of some kind.

Exam 4: An Introduction to Alcohol: Mans Oldest Recreational Chemical

Which of the following is a good summary of the Mellanby effect, according to your text?

The sense of euphoria that many drinkers report is the result of

Describe the characteristics of a rare, or social, drinker.

Explain what is meant when alcohol is described as a "dirty" compound.

All of the following are end products of the alcohol biotransformation process EXCEPT

Jamal will have an occasional glass of wine with dinner, does not require daily use of alcohol to function, has never had any negative consequences due to his drinking, and does not use alcohol for continuous periods of time. Jamal would most likely be considered

Prohibition in the United States could be described as a social experiment.

As a general rule, the can biotransform alcohol at the rate of one 12-ounce can of beer, one glass of wine, or one standard drink per hour.

One major consequence of distillation is

According to your text, all of the following are methods by which alcohol has been introduced into the body EXCEPT

Describe the symptoms and treatments for hangovers. What is believed to be the basic causal factor(s) of a hangover?

According to your text, the highest concentration of alcohol that can be achieved from fermentation is about

The most popular alcohol-containing beverage in the United States is

According to your text, why do people consume alcohol?

Presently, percent of the human population is intoxicated at any given moment.

According to your text, many historians believe

A friend of yours is a rare drinker, perhaps drinking one or two mixed drinks a month when out for dinner. You know this will

Currently, scientists believe that alcohol is a "dirty" compound. This means

Your aunt, who suffers from sleep apnea, likes to have a "wee shot of brandy" before going to bed to help her sleep better. Based on your textbook, this

As a physician on duty in the emergency room, you could expect

Why Worry About Substance Abuse or Addiction

The Nature of the Beast

A Brief Introduction to the Science of Pharmacology

The Alcohol Use Disorders

Abuse and Addiction to Barbiturates and Barbiturate-Like Compounds

Abuse and Addiction to Benzodiazepines and Similar Agents

Abuse and Addiction to Central Nervous System Stimulants

Cocaine Abuse and Dependence

Marijuana Abuse and Addiction

Opiode Use, Abuse, and Addiction

Abuse and Addiction to Hallucinogens

Abuse and Addiction to Inhalants and Aerosols

The Under-Recognized Problem of Steroid Abuseaddiction

Over the Counter Analgesics

Tobacco Products and Nicotine Addiction

The Potential Consequences of Drug Abuse During Pregnancy

Gender and Substance Use Disorders

Hidden Faces of Substance Use Disorders

Substance Use and Abuse by Children and Adolescents

Substance Use Disorders in College Settings

Codependency and Enabling

Addiction and the Family

The Dual-Diagnosis Client: Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness

The Biopsychosocial Model of the Addictions

The Substance Use Disorders As a Disease of the Human Spirit

The Assessment of Suspected Substance Use Disorders

Intervention

Treatment Settings

The Treatment of Substance Use Disorders

The Process of Treatment

Pharmacological Interventions for Substance Use Disorders

Relapse and Other Problems Frequently Encountered in Substance Abuse Rehabilitation

Support Groups to Promote and Sustain Recovery

Substance Use Disorders and and Infectious Disease

The Relationship Between Drug Use and Crime

The Debate Over Legalization Appendices Glossary References Index

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