Exam 2: Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Assume that there is a strong negative correlation between two variables: variable 1 and variable 2. If you know that a person's score on variable 1 is low, what would be your best prediction for the person's score on variable 2?

Which of the following is a Canadian Psychological Association guideline on animal research?

All of the following were mentioned as questions to ask yourself in order to become a better critical thinker except:

While conducting a research interview, a participant becomes slightly embarrassed and decides to answer the questions in such a way as to make himself look more friendly and acceptable to the interviewer. This example most clearly demonstrates which limitation of interview methods in research?

In survey research, random sampling is typically used to insure that a sample is representative; while in experiments, a different method is used to balance differences Between subjects across various experimental groups. The method used in experiments is called:

Random assignment controls for important differences among individual participants by balancing them. This is in contrast to designs in which each participant is exposed to each condition or group in an experiment. This latter design controls the individual differences by _.

When Dr. Pressley examines the study habits of his students he finds that as the number of hours they spend studying increases, so do their grades. He finds an even stronger correlation between partying and grades in that as their grades improve the number of hours they spend partying decreases. When he runs the statistics on these data he finds Which of the following correlation coefficients for hours studying with grades and hours partying with grades respectively:

A child psychologist is working with a young child named Sally. In order to get more information, the psychologist interviews Sally's parents and asks them about Sally's childhood experiences. This would best be considered an example of which of the major ways of measuring behaviour?

Dr. Mentor is conducting an experiment examining the effects of cell phone conversations on reaction times while driving a car. Each participant, either conversing on a cell phone or not, manoeuvres a driving course on a simulator. This simulated drive is videotaped. The research assistant hired to do the coding of the video tapes does not Believe cell phone use should be banned while driving a motor vehicle and tends to err in the coding of the reaction times in a way that favours this belief. This experimenter Expectancy effect could be controlled by:

A company manager believes that there should be a relationship between total sales for a month (in dollars) and the number of sales people on the floor. Which of the following correlation coefficients shows the strongest support for her belief?

Dr. Jones was testing the effectiveness of a new vitamin supplement. Half of the participants received the vitamin and half received a sugar pill. He found that the sugar pill worked as well and sometimes better than the vitamin. This could reflect

All of the following decrease internal validity EXCEPT:

A researcher conducting a study on the effectiveness of a new prescription medication gives the actual medication to a group of people. A second group of participants are told they are receiving the medication but instead are given an inert sugar pill. Though the Drug is found to be effective for the people who actually took it, a sizeable percentage of the people given the sugar pill also improve. The improvement of this second group is most likely due to:

The placebo effect refers to:

If a measure of behaviour is reliable, we know that it is:

Considering the following data set: (3, 4, 4, 0, 4, 1, 5), which of the following statements is/are FALSE?

Internal validity is to external validity as

Dr. West wanted to know about the media preferences of all students at Western University. The student body is 60 percent female and 40 percent male. So he conducted a survey in which 60 percent of the participants were women and 40 percent were men. In this study, students at Western would be considered

Brain imaging technology is generally used to explore the following:

The plus or minus sign (+/-) on the correlation coefficient reflects: