Question 1

The main goal of correlational research is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  examine associations among several variables. 
B)  determine cause-effect relationships. 
C)  observe behaviour in natural settings. 
D)  gather detailed information about a single variable. 
A)  examine associations among several variables. 
B)  determine cause-effect relationships. 
C)  observe behaviour in natural settings. 
D)  gather detailed information about a single variable.

Question 2

After writing his Biology exam, Sam's professor announces that the grades from the exam were normally distributed with a mean of 60 and a standard deviation of 10. Sam's grade on the exam was 70. Approximately what percentage of the class had a grade on
The exam that was higher than Sam's?

Accepted Answer

A)  16% 
B)  10% 
C)  34% 
D)  2% 
E)  84% 
A)  16% 
B)  10% 
C)  34% 
D)  2% 
E)  84%

Question 3

In correlational research, the experimenter measures all of the variables and statistically determines whether there is an association between them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following is an advantage of the case study method of research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Case studies are a good method for studying rare events. 
B)  Case studies are very useful for determining cause-effect relationships. 
C)  Case studies are generalizable to the population at large. 
D)  Case studies are a good method for studying a large number of participants. 
A)  Case studies are a good method for studying rare events. 
B)  Case studies are very useful for determining cause-effect relationships. 
C)  Case studies are generalizable to the population at large. 
D)  Case studies are a good method for studying a large number of participants.

Question 5

A major difference between experiments and correlational studies is

Accepted Answer

A)  external validity. 
B)  sampling methods. 
C)  manipulation of independent variables. 
D)  control and manipulation of independent variables. 
E)  control. 
A)  external validity. 
B)  sampling methods. 
C)  manipulation of independent variables. 
D)  control and manipulation of independent variables. 
E)  control.

Question 6

Which of the following is a characteristic of a good theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  A good theory organizes information in a meaningful way. 
B)  A good theory is difficult to test through empirical science. 
C)  A good theory uses operational definitions. 
D)  A good theory is complex and sophisticated. 
A)  A good theory organizes information in a meaningful way. 
B)  A good theory is difficult to test through empirical science. 
C)  A good theory uses operational definitions. 
D)  A good theory is complex and sophisticated.

Question 7

The social desirability bias exists as a limitation of which of the ways of measuring behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  reports by others 
B)  behavioural observations 
C)  physiological measures 
D)  self-report measures 
A)  reports by others 
B)  behavioural observations 
C)  physiological measures 
D)  self-report measures

Question 8

One of the problems with experiments that have found evidence for paranormal phenomena is that they have:

Accepted Answer

A)  not published their findings. 
B)  low external validity. 
C)  not used meta-analysis. 
D)  not been replicated. 
A)  not published their findings. 
B)  low external validity. 
C)  not used meta-analysis. 
D)  not been replicated.

Question 9

Amy conducts an experiment in which she discovers that brunettes have more fun. She has three brunette females and three blond females go to the same party and record how many times they were asked to dance. In her experiment, Amy has defined the dependent variable as the number of times they were asked to dance, and the as hair
Colour.

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational variable 
B)  independent variable 
C)  extraneous variable 
D)  confounding variable 
A)  correlational variable 
B)  independent variable 
C)  extraneous variable 
D)  confounding variable

Question 10

Control groups are important in experiments because:

Accepted Answer

A)  they make calculations of the correlation coefficient possible. 
B)  they provide a needed comparison of the confounding variables. 
C)  they provide a standard of comparison for the experimental group. 
D)  they decrease internal validity and external validity. 
A)  they make calculations of the correlation coefficient possible. 
B)  they provide a needed comparison of the confounding variables. 
C)  they provide a standard of comparison for the experimental group. 
D)  they decrease internal validity and external validity.

Question 11

Internal validity represents the degree to which:

Accepted Answer

A)  the results from an experiment are generalizable to other situations. 
B)  a sample is representative of the population from which it is drawn. 
C)  it effectively utilizes random sampling. 
D)  an experiment supports clear causal conclusions. 
A)  the results from an experiment are generalizable to other situations. 
B)  a sample is representative of the population from which it is drawn. 
C)  it effectively utilizes random sampling. 
D)  an experiment supports clear causal conclusions.

Question 12

Self-report measures inform us about the behaviour of an individual, by asking for information from the people around him/her.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The three key scientific attitudes displayed by John Darley and Bibb Latané were curiosity, skepticism, and reason.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Some psychologists studied the bullying behaviour by elementary school-aged children as it occurred during school recess. They found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the schoolmates were frequently present during bullying episodes but rarely intervened. 
B)  naturalistic observation was not an effective research method for studying children's bullying behaviour. 
C)  the research methods did not influence the children's behaviours. 
D)  the observations made during the research permitted causal conclusions about bullying behaviour. 
A)  the schoolmates were frequently present during bullying episodes but rarely intervened. 
B)  naturalistic observation was not an effective research method for studying children's bullying behaviour. 
C)  the research methods did not influence the children's behaviours. 
D)  the observations made during the research permitted causal conclusions about bullying behaviour.

Question 15

Considering the following data set: (3, 4, 4, 0, 4, 1, 5), which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The median is 0 
B)  The mode is 4 
C)  The mean is greater than the mode 
D)  The range is 4 
E)  The range is 2 
A)  The median is 0 
B)  The mode is 4 
C)  The mean is greater than the mode 
D)  The range is 4 
E)  The range is 2

Question 16

One of the major limitations of behavioural observations is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  researchers know that people may behave differently when they know they are being watched. 
B)  researchers do not know what a given physiological response really means. 
C)  researchers do not know whether people's behaviours are internally valid. 
D)  researchers know that people may not behave differently when they know they are being watched. 
A)  researchers know that people may behave differently when they know they are being watched. 
B)  researchers do not know what a given physiological response really means. 
C)  researchers do not know whether people's behaviours are internally valid. 
D)  researchers know that people may not behave differently when they know they are being watched.

Question 17

Assume that there is a strong positive correlation between two variables: variable A and variable B. If you know that a person's score on variable A is low, what would be your best prediction for the person's score on variable B?

Accepted Answer

A)  The person's score on variable B should be below average. 
B)  The person's score on variable B should be average. 
C)  The person's score on variable B should be high. 
D)  The person's score on variable B should also be low. 
A)  The person's score on variable B should be below average. 
B)  The person's score on variable B should be average. 
C)  The person's score on variable B should be high. 
D)  The person's score on variable B should also be low.

Question 18

Dr. Paulo was interested in art appreciation between men and women. So, he showed a number of paintings to a group of men and to a separate group of women. The paintings were illuminated in either low light or higher, intense light. He found that there was no difference between men and women in the low light, but under higher intense light, the women liked the paintings better than the men. This result illustrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  experimenter bias 
B)  main effects 
C)  hindsight 
D)  interaction 
E)  positive correlation 
A)  experimenter bias 
B)  main effects 
C)  hindsight 
D)  interaction 
E)  positive correlation

Question 19

Pre-existing documents that researchers use to gather information about people's overt behaviours are called _.

Accepted Answer

A)  random samples 
B)  archival measures 
C)  self-report measures 
D)  physiological reports 
A)  random samples 
B)  archival measures 
C)  self-report measures 
D)  physiological reports

Question 20

An important limitation of the case study research method is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  is a poor method for determining cause-effect relationships. 
B)  is a poor source for studying people. 
C)  is a poor method for studying rare events. 
D)  is a poor source for new ideas and hypotheses. 
A)  is a poor method for determining cause-effect relationships. 
B)  is a poor source for studying people. 
C)  is a poor method for studying rare events. 
D)  is a poor source for new ideas and hypotheses.

The main goal of correlational research is to:

After writing his Biology exam, Sam's professor announces that the grades from the exam were normally distributed with a mean of 60 and a standard deviation of 10. Sam's grade on the exam was 70. Approximately what percentage of the class had a grade on The exam that was higher than Sam's?

In correlational research, the experimenter measures all of the variables and statistically determines whether there is an association between them.

Which of the following is an advantage of the case study method of research?

A major difference between experiments and correlational studies is

Which of the following is a characteristic of a good theory?

The social desirability bias exists as a limitation of which of the ways of measuring behaviour?

One of the problems with experiments that have found evidence for paranormal phenomena is that they have:

Control groups are important in experiments because:

Internal validity represents the degree to which:

Self-report measures inform us about the behaviour of an individual, by asking for information from the people around him/her.

The three key scientific attitudes displayed by John Darley and Bibb Latané were curiosity, skepticism, and reason.

Some psychologists studied the bullying behaviour by elementary school-aged children as it occurred during school recess. They found that:

Considering the following data set: (3, 4, 4, 0, 4, 1, 5), which of the following statements is true?

One of the major limitations of behavioural observations is that:

Assume that there is a strong positive correlation between two variables: variable A and variable B. If you know that a person's score on variable A is low, what would be your best prediction for the person's score on variable B?

Pre-existing documents that researchers use to gather information about people's overt behaviours are called _.

An important limitation of the case study research method is that it:

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 2: Studying Behaviour Scientifically

The main goal of correlational research is to:

After writing his Biology exam, Sam's professor announces that the grades from the exam were normally distributed with a mean of 60 and a standard deviation of 10. Sam's grade on the exam was 70. Approximately what percentage of the class had a grade on The exam that was higher than Sam's?

In correlational research, the experimenter measures all of the variables and statistically determines whether there is an association between them.

Which of the following is an advantage of the case study method of research?

A major difference between experiments and correlational studies is

Which of the following is a characteristic of a good theory?

The social desirability bias exists as a limitation of which of the ways of measuring behaviour?

One of the problems with experiments that have found evidence for paranormal phenomena is that they have:

Control groups are important in experiments because:

Internal validity represents the degree to which:

Self-report measures inform us about the behaviour of an individual, by asking for information from the people around him/her.

The three key scientific attitudes displayed by John Darley and Bibb Latané were curiosity, skepticism, and reason.

Some psychologists studied the bullying behaviour by elementary school-aged children as it occurred during school recess. They found that:

Considering the following data set: (3, 4, 4, 0, 4, 1, 5), which of the following statements is true?

One of the major limitations of behavioural observations is that:

Assume that there is a strong positive correlation between two variables: variable A and variable B. If you know that a person's score on variable A is low, what would be your best prediction for the person's score on variable B?

Pre-existing documents that researchers use to gather information about people's overt behaviours are called _.

An important limitation of the case study research method is that it:

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters