Exam 2: Studying Behaviour Scientifically

A local advertising company wanted to find out what radio station people listened to most often. So they asked various car washing companies to record what was listed as the first preset station on the radios of the cars they were servicing. This observation would be considered

Sally wants to know what percentage of Canadian university students are receiving financial aid their first year in university. Sally attends a small university with a large percentage of students who commute to campus every day. Sally stands outside of the residence dining hall one weekday evening and hands out surveys to every third person entering the hall for dinner. Sally's data will be invalid because _.

Sitting in class one day, Ben wonders aloud to his friend James, why the multiple-choice exams seem harder than essay exams. James, whose older sister is a college professor, tells him that research shows that it is easier to trick students with multiple-choice questions so they are in fact harder. "Wow!" Ben thinks, "So that explains it." Ben would have been better off seeking another opinion, or at least asking James about the research he is talking about. If he had, Ben would be demonstrating a healthy scientific attitude Of:

At the University of Western Ontario, Mel Goodale and his colleagues' studied a patient who had suffered from carbon monoxide poisoning and had suffered damage to several parts of her brain. The research on this patient provided evidence that perception and action can be processed independently, by different parts of the human brain. The research method used was a(n):

Dr. Williams is conducting an experiment and decides to use a design in which each participant will be exposed to all of the conditions in her study. In designing her study, Dr. Williams is:

External validity is concerned with how generalizable the results of a study are to other people and settings.

Dr. Jonas is interested in how parents interact with their children. So she goes to a local daycare centre and watches how parents greet their children when they come to pick them up at the end of the day. This study could best be described as

An advantage of the case study method is that it , whereas a disadvantage of the case study method is that it _.

In a study of aggression, Dr. Berkowitz had participants watch either violent or non-violent media after they had been frustrated by a colleague. They were then able to deliver electric shocks to the colleague as feedback for mistakes made on a memory test. Berkowitz recorded the intensity of shocks delivered. Results indicated that more intense shocks were given when participants watched the violent media. In this study, the shocks delivered are

Considerations about the manner in which information gained in an experiment will be recorded and distributed are most relevant to which ethical consideration?

Which of the following statements regarding the differences between experimental and correlational research is FALSE?

We can best predict the value of one variable from the value of another variable if the two variables have a correlation coefficient of:

While conducting a phone survey, the interviewer asks questions in such a way that it influences and affects the answers of the people she is interviewing. This example most clearly demonstrates which limitation of survey research?

Which of the following was discussed as a potential limitation of naturalistic observation?

John Darley and Bibb Latané made the following assumption: "diffusion of responsibility reduces the likelihood of any single bystander feeling responsible to intervene in an emergency." This assumption is an example of a(n):

A researcher who observes behaviour as it occurs in a normal or typical setting is doing ________.

An fMRI study confirmed that the ventral and dorsal streams of the visual cortex independently processes object perception and object _.

Placebo effects make it difficult to draw causal conclusions because we can't tell whether:

A hypothesis is a tentative explanation or prediction about some phenomenon.

Random sampling occurs when every member of a target population has an equal chance of being in a survey.